NATIONAL AND GLOBAL

NEWS AGENCIES

Presented to: Mr Ramzan Azhar

By :Muhammad Zamir Assadi

MS 1 IIUI Fall Semester 2014

News Agency

A news agency is an organization of

journalists established to supply News

reports to news organizations: News

papers, magazines and radio and

television. Such an agency may also be

referred to as a wire service, newswire,

or news service.

Prominent News wires

Agency France Press

Associated Press

Reuters

United Press International

Associated Press of Pakistan

History

The oldest news agency is AFP. It was founded in 1835 by Charles-Louis Havas as Agence Havas.

Two of his employees, Paul Julius Reuter and Bernhard Wolff, later set up rival news agencies in London and Berlin respectively in 1848.

Cont…

The establishment of the news agencies was the most important development in the newspaper industry altering the process of news dissemination, nationally and internationally in the 1st half of 19th century

Growth of the newspapers was on rise as rapid flow of information became possible with the help of news agencies

AFP www.afp.com

Headquarter in Paris

President and CEO Emmanuel Hoog

Employees 3,760

In1852 signed agreements with Reuter

and Wolff

Exclusive reporting zone in different parts

of

Europe for coverage and business

interests

In 1940, when German forces occupied

France during the 2nd World War, the news

agency was taken over by the authorities and

renamed "Office Français d'Information“

On August 20, 1944, as Allied forces moved on

Paris the resistant French journalists again

captured agency

Major News floated was the death of the

Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin on March 6, 1953

Telegraph first used 1845

The Agency starts to use electrical telegraphs, an invention which enables it to expand

Soon it is better and faster informed of what is going on in the world

In response to the Crimean war (1854-1856) it extends its European network all the way to Saint Petersburg and the Bosphorus

AFP in numbers

News teams

1,500 journalists relaying news 24 hours per

day

200 bureaus throughout the world, covering

150 countries

2,260 members of staff covering the whole

world

80 different nationalities

A day in the life of the AFP

5.000 stories, 1.250 as illustrated articles

3.000 photos

200 videos

100 graphics and video graphics

In 6 languages: French, English, German,

Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese.

En 6 langues : français, anglais, allemand,

arabe, espagnol, portugais.

Prize & awards

Philippine journalist receives AFP Kate Webb Prize 17 Oct 2014

Reporter from Philippines wins AFP's Kate Webb Prize 7 Jul 2014

AFP photographer Pedro Armestre picks up eight prizes in 2014 25 Apr 2014

Statutes

AFP is administered by a CEO and a board comprising 15 members:

Eight representatives of the French press

Two representatives of the AFP personnel

Two representatives of the government-owned radio and television

Three representatives of the government

One is named by the prime minister, another by the minister of finance, and a third by the minister of foreign affairs

AP www.ap.org

Created in 1846

President & CEO Gary B. Pruitt

Five New York City newspapers got together to

fund a pony express route through Alabama in

order to bring news of the Mexican War north

more quickly than the U.S. Post Office could

deliver it

30 AP journalists have given their lives in this

pursuit of the news

Delivered news by pigeon, pony express, railroad,

steamship, telegraph and teletype in the early

years

1935, AP began sending photographs by wire

A radio network was formed in 1973

International video division was added in

1994,the biggest in the world now

AP Products

Major News stories

Bombing of Pearl Harbor

Fall of the shah of Iran

Death of Pope John Paul

Ajmal Kasaab is Pakistani citizen

Drone strikes in Pakistan

AP Awards

From the year 1922 huge number of journalists

have won prestigious media awards including

Pulitzers award

AP on map

News floated by AP published by

More than 1,700 newspapers

More than 5,001 television and radio

broadcasters.

The photograph library of the AP consists of

over 10 million images.

The Associated Press operates 243 news

bureaus, and it serves at least 120 countries,

with an international staff located all over the

world.

Reuters www.reuters.com

1851 by Paul Julius Reuter in Britain at the

London Royal Exchange

The company initially covered commercial

news, serving banks, brokerage houses and

business firms

The first newspaper client to subscribe was

the London Morning Advertiser in 1858

First to report Assassination of Abraham

Lincoln

Reuters operates in more than 200 cities in 94

countries in about 20 languages

Fatalities

Policy of objective language

Reuters has a strict policy towards upholding journalistic objectivity

This policy has caused comment on the possible insensitivity of its non-use of the word terrorist in reports, including the 11 September attacks

Reuters has been careful to only use the word terrorist in quotes, whether quotations or scare quotes

Reuters global news editor Stephen Jukes wrote, "We all know that one man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter, and that Reuters upholds the principle that we do not use the word terrorist."

Services

International News Services

Business and Financial News Services

Political News Services

Regional News Services

Health News Services

Sports News Services

Entertainment News Services

Broadcast Video

Newswires

Online News Services

Pictures Services

News Graphics

Professional News Products Professional News Solutions

Awards & Recognition

World's Most Admired Companies 2009-2014

Human Rights Campaign 2013-2014

World’s Most Ethical Companies 2009-2014

Top 100 Employers in Canada 2008-2015

Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting 2014

Overseas Press Club Awards 2014

American Business Awards 2014

Society of Publishers in Asia Awards 2014

Reuters On Map

America

Europe

Middle East & Africa

Asia Pacific

South Asia

UPI www.upi.com

Formally named "United Press

Associations" for incorporation and legal

purposes, but publicly known and identified

as United Press or UP, it was created in 1907

uniting of three smaller news syndicates by the

Midwest newspaper publisher E. W. Scripps

In 1958 it became United Press International after

absorbing the International News Service (INS).

As either UP or UPI, the agency was among the

largest newswire services in the world, competing

domestically for about 90 years

UPI Work force

At its peak, UPI had more than 2,000 full-time employees

200 news bureaus in 92 countries

It had more than 6,000 media subscribers

With the rising popularity of television news, the business of UPI began to decline as the circulation of afternoon newspapers, its chief client category, began to fall.

Its decline accelerated after the 1982 sale of UPI by the Scripps company

Chain of command

UPI has changed ownership several times

With each change in ownership came deeper service and staff cutbacks and changes of focus and a corresponding shrinkage of its traditional media customer base

In 2000, UPI was purchased by News World Communications, an international news media company which was founded in 1976 by Unification Church leader Sun Myung Moon

Services

News For Print and Electronic Media

Videos

Audio

Documentaries

Web Contents

Special Reports

Photographs

Web Contents

Associated Press Of Pakistan

APP was founded in started its life in 1947

Initially it was running through a Trust but owing tofinancial crunch, it was taken over by theGovernment through an Ordinance called;"Associated Press of Pakistan (taking over)Ordinance 1961", on 15th June 1961, to put it on asound

financial footing

APP was later converted into Corporation onOctober 19, 2002 through an Ordinancerenaming it as Associated Press of PakistanCorporation (APPC) and lending a status ofsemi government media government

Key Highlights

Urdu, Pashtoo, Sindhi, Balochi/Brahavi,

Saraiki,Arabic

District based network

Textual news feed, Videos, Audio,

Documentaries, Web Contents, Special Reports

International correspondents are based in

Washington, New York, London, Beijing and

New Delhi

National, world, sports, Business, Forex ,

weather

Other Prominent national and

international news wires

Press Trust of India

Xinhua

Kyodo News

Online News Agency

Independent News Pakistan

Pakistan Press International

News Network International

Constructing and dismantling the global

news agencies

Development of News agencies Era

The hegemony of European News cartel 1870-

1917

The dissolution of European news cartel 1918-

1934

The hegemony of Big five 1940-1980

The dissolution of Big five 1980…..

The hegemony of European News cartel 1870-

1917

French Havas, German Wolf and British Reuters

Signed cartel agreement for dividing world’s news

market

Reuters had a vast market following British

imperialism

Japan, Argentine and Canadian agencies also

stepped in but faced tough time from cartel

AP joined cartel in 1927

UPI tried and achieved early success by signing

agreements with small scale agencies in different

parts

The dissolution of European news cartel 1918-

1934

AP & UPI expanded in South America

German Wolf lost position due to WW1 from

news cartel in 1934

Reuters faced financial issues

Japanese and Soviet agency also played the

role in dissolution

National agencies were free to make

agreements with any global which they liked

The hegemony of Big five 1940-1980

US agencies captured European news market

which were devastated by WWs

AFP again stabilized itself by commitment in

the world of news

Soviet TAAS enhanced operations in eastern

Europe including Middle east, Africa and Asia

Reuters pioneered the digitization of economic

and financial news services

The dissolution of Big five 1980

Post-NWICO era

Processes of conglomeration was the reason

of diminution of UPI

Collapse of Communism brought relative

demise of Tass

Some major agencies survived following vast

coverage area and efficient work

The Big Three

Only AP, AFP and Reuters survived from many

decades

Reuters served mostly for providing financial

news

AP served domestic and international markets

equally with the challenge of UPI

AFP survived following government’s support

Conclusion

News agencies are the oldest media since

1835 existing in the modern world . Sources of

funding have been undermined reductions in

state subsidy, reduction in aid from NGOs, the

cooling of loyalty of media groups that have

set up independent news gathering networks

where these now have sufficient local resource

to meet their own requirements. Governments

and other NGOs should support agencies for

keeping them on track

References

http://www.afp.com/

http://news.yahoo.com/us-bombs-al-qaeda-offshoot-khorasan-third-time-233406321.html

http://www.dawn.com/news/856680/ajmal-s-nationality-confirmed

http://www.apstudios.net/videos/

http://video.ap.org/

http://www.ap.org/products-services/radio

http://newint.org/features/1981/06/01/four/

http://www.communicationencyclopedia.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405131995_chunk_g978140513199519_ss16-1#

http://www.onlinenews.com.pk/ www.upi.com

www.reuters.com

http://www.directessays.com/viewpaper-student/84264.html