THE US’s NATIONWIDE PUBLIC SAFETY LTE NETWORK THE GLOBAL ADOPTION OF LTE FOR NEXT-GEN MISSION-CRITICAL COMMUNICATIONS

1 | COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

COPYRIGHT © 2014 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

THE US’s NATIONWIDE PUBLIC SAFETY LTE NETWORK THE GLOBAL ADOPTION OF LTE FOR NEXT-GEN MISSION-CRITICAL COMMUNICATIONS


1.  The long (and winding) road to FirstNet

2.  LTE – the foundation of next-generation Public Safety communications

3.  Commercial grade vs. Public Safety grade

4.  LTE evolution: Introducing new functionality to support Mission-Critical communications…while maintaining backward compatibility

5.  LTE Network Sharing: Supporting public safety, utilities and other Critical Infrastructure on a common network

AGENDA


US PUBLIC SAFETY BROADBAND A BRIEF HISTORY

1997: Congress Allocates 24 MHz of 700 MHz Spectrum to Public Safety (Voice + Wideband Data)

1996: Public Safety Wireless Advisory Committee Report

2005: US Digital TV Transition Date Set

2006: Alcatel-Lucent Proposes All-Broadband Public Safety Data Block to FCC

2007: FCC adopts Broadband Data Block; Proposes public-private network Public Safety Network (D-Block)

2008: D Block Auction Fails

2009: Waivers Filed for PS700 MHz Broadband Networks

September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks

2011: FCC Endorses LTE for Public Safety Broadband Block

2012: Congress Establishes FirstNet: Nationwide Public Safety LTE Network

Alcatel-Lucent Builds National Capitol Region Bbnd Network (cdma2000)

Bell Labs Report: Commercial Bbnd for Public Safety (2002)

≈

Alcatel-Lucent Vice-Chair FirstNet Interoperability Board


US PUBLIC SAFETY COMMUNICATIONS CALLS TO ACTION

•  September 11, 2001

•  Lives lost due to lack of public safety communications interoperability

•  Response compromised

• Hurricane Katrina, August 2005

•  Public safety response hampered

•  Lack of interoperability across Federal, State, Local public safety agencies

•  Inability to communicate with other emergency responders (Red Cross, power utility crews, …)

*”Answering the Call: Communications Lessons Learned from the Pentagon Attack” ‡“The 9/11 Commission Report”

https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-07-107A1.pdf


US PUBLIC SAFETY COMMUNICATIONS TODAY

• $Billions/year spent on a patchwork of outdated, overpriced and incompatible systems

• Extensive use of proprietary technologies

• Project 25 “standard”

• One vendor controls vast majority of the US market

• Limited inter- and intra-vendor interoperability

• Proprietary extensions

• Large variety of frequency bands

• Interoperability “hacks”

Vendor A Vendor B

Interop Gateway


• Open standard commercial broadband technology

• Network built to public safety specifications in dedicated spectrum

•  Common technology nationwide

• Real competition, innovation

•  Interoperability as expected in the commercial world

BELL LABS’ VISION FOR TRANSFORMING PUBLIC SAFETY COMMUNICATIONS (2002)



FIRSTNET

FirstNet

SPECTRUM •  Grants D-Block to Public Safety (10 x 10 MHz Block)

GOVERNANCE •  FirstNet is Independent US Federal Authority •  FirstNet and States may establish Public Private Partnerships, Spectrum/Network Capacity Leases to fund operations

FUNDING •  $7B Buildout •  $135M Implementation Grants •  $100M Public Safety R&D


PUBLIC SAFETY 700 MHz (US, CANADA)

746

60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69

752 758 764 770 776 782 788 794 800 806 MHz

Narrowband 6 MHz

A 1

C 11 MHz

D 5 MHz

Guard1M

Hz

Broadband 5 MHz

B 1

Narrowband 6 MHz

A 1

C 11 MHz

D 5 MHz

Guard1M

Hz

Broadband 5 MHz

B 1

TV Channels

LTE Downlink LTE Uplink

10 MHz 10 MHz

Narrowband/WB 8 MHz

D 5 MHz

Broadband 5 MHz

D 5 MHz

Broadband 5 MHz

C1 5 MHz

C2 5 MHz

C1 5 MHz

C2 5 MHz

Reserved 1MH

z

Guard 1M

Hz

Reserved 1MH

z

Guard 1M

Hz

Narrowband/WB 8 MHz

Public Safety Public Safety

Public Safety Public Safety

Canada in early planning stages Public Safety 700 MHz Broadband Network

Canada’s Spectrum Regulator Studying Grant of additional 5x5 MHz to Public Safety


THE GLOBAL COMMERCIAL WIRELESS ECOSYSTEM 2013

$1T Operator Revenues

Operator Capital Expenditures

$200B ($24B LTE)

3.2B Subscribers

7.4B Connections


LONG TERM EVOLUTION (LTE)

Voice Video Data + +

Situational Awareness

Operational Effectiveness

Officer and Public Safety


WHY LTE FOR PUBLIC SAFETY?

•  Land Mobile Radio technology roadmaps (Project 25, TETRA) do not provide adequate support of video services

•  LTE Technology Advantages

•  Interoperability

•  Scale Economies: Devices, Networks, Applications

•  Lower costs, Broader ecosystem

•  R&D investments dwarf investments in Land Mobile Radio

• On-going technology evolution

•  New public safety features

•  Backward compatibility

•  Increasing data rates, new functionality, spectral efficiency

Provided vendors don’t inject proprietary features!

Public safety broadband networks must maintain alignment with commercial networks – evolving at the same pace along the same path – otherwise these advantages disappear.



PUBLIC SAFETY LTE GLOBAL ADOPTION

The tipping point has already been crossed. LTE will be a critical component of next-gen mission critical communications networks


CONTRASTING REQUIREMENTS, OBJECTIVES COMMERCIAL NETWORKS

PUBLIC SAFETY NETWORKS

•  Outages undesirable (impacts revenue)

•  Outages unacceptable (impacts lives)

•  Design for busy hour •  Design for worst-case scenario

•  Large user base •  User base 2 orders of magnitude smaller than commercial wireless

•  Predominantly person-to-person communications

•  Predominantly team-based communications

•  Population-based coverage •  Land Area-based coverage


PUBLIC SAFETY GRADE*

Alcatel-Lucent participated in the writing of this report along with other public safety, industry experts

*http://www.npstc.org/download.jsp?tableId=37&column=217&id=3066&file=Public_Safety_Grade_Report_140522.pdf

123-page report conveys the differences between commercial and public safety networks

Site Hardening •  Physical Security •  Antenna Structure •  Power •  Enclosures •  Environmental

Environment Events •  Seismic Events •  Wildfires •  Flooding •  Wind Events •  Ice Storms •  Power Grid Failures

Service Level Agreements

Applications

Reliability and Resiliency

Installation

Coverage Vehicles

Push to Talk Operations and Maintenance

Public safety grade requirements are significantly more stringent than commercial grade


PUBLIC SAFETY GRADE LTE NETWORK DESIGN W/ TODAY’S LTE + NETWORK EVOLUTION

Mission Critical IP/MPLS Backbone

•  Geo-redundant core Network Elements

•  Redundant Backhaul Links

Hardened Sites •  Physical Security •  Antenna Structure •  Power •  Enclosures •  Environmental

•  Multiple, disjoint paths •  MPLS Fast Re-Route •  MPLS-Traffic Engineering •  Hierarchical QoS •  Virtual Private Networks

•  Prioritization •  Preemption •  Policy Management •  Coverage •  Group Communications System Enablers •  Mission Critical Push to Talk over LTE

•  Hardened devices

•  Isolated E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety

Deployables •  LTE Microcore •  Satellite

•  Proximity Services

Mission critical broadband overlay network (Day 1)

Additional functionality added as standards, market evolve

Off-Net

R12

R13

R13

R13

3GPP Stage 3 Freeze Dates:

R12

R13

December 2014

March2016


LTE: PUBLIC SAFETY VOICE EVOLUTION

Unit-to-Unit Voice

Small Group Push-to-Talk

Large Group Push-to-Talk

Mission Critical Voice

Today

3GPP Stage 3 Freeze: Dec ‘14

3GPP Stage 3 Freeze: Mar ‘16

Group Communication

System Enablers

(R12)

LTE Proximity Services (R13)

or Dual Mode LTE / LMR

device

3GPP Features typically available in the field ~2 years after stage 3 freeze date – assuming market demand present

Requirement for mission critical service is communications in the absence of WAN connectivity. A dual-mode device meets this requirement.


SHARING MODELS IN MOBILE NETWORKS

Sites

Site Sharing

• Site • Tower • Antenna • Shelter • Transmission • Power • Site Support

eNodeB

RAN Sharing Multi-Operator Core Network

Core

Core Network Sharing

Coverage

Network Roaming

WWW

Site and RAN Sharing can significantly reduce critical communications network CapEx and OpEx


COMMON REQUIREMENTS, OBJECTIVES UTILITY NETWORKS

PUBLIC SAFETY NETWORKS



•  Design for worst-case scenario •  Design for worst-case scenario

•  User base 2 orders of magnitude smaller than commercial wireless

•  User base 2 orders of magnitude smaller than commercial wireless

•  Team-based communications, Machine-to-machine

•  Team-based communications, Machine-to-machine

•  Land Area-based coverage •  Land Area-based coverage


RAN, SITE SHARING PARTNER OPTIONS FILLING POTENTIAL FUNDING GAPS

•  Align with partners that have similar requirements for critical communications reliability, security

•  Electric Power Utilities

•  Similar requirements for mission-critical communications

•  Utilities need mission critical broadband services, but don’t have access to appropriate broadband spectrum

•  Utilities have hardened sites, backhaul links – reducing deployment cost and timeline

•  LTE’s network sharing features can be used to enforce Service Level Agreements for utilities, public safety

•  Rapid restoration of power is essential for public safety

•  Builds larger ecosystem: lower device costs

•  Rail

•  Similar requirements for mission-critical communications

•  Coverage predominantly along rail lines, depots


LTE NETWORK SHARING MULTI-OPERATOR CORE NETWORK •  Shared Spectrum

•  Service Level Agreements (Traffic Policing)

•  Backhaul Traffic Separation

-  Separate IPSec Tunnels for Utility and Public Safety

•  Prioritization, QoS

Utility Evolved

Packet Core Network

Public Safety Evolved

Packet Core Network

S1-Flex

Because of operational and security requirements, public safety and power utilities should have separate core networks

Scheduling, resource allocation in RAN used to enforce Service Level Agreements


UTILITY APPLICATIONS WIDE AREA WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY

DER storage EMS

Microgrid

Distributed Generation

EV Charging Station

Mobile Workforce

DA IED PMU

Meter

RF Mesh, …

Meter Concentrator

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

Transmission and Distribution Lines

Data and Control Center

Substation

PMU RTU/ IED CCTV Meter

Concentrator

National Public Safety LTE

Radio Access Network

Utility Core Network

