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What is Collagen?• Collagen is the most abundant protein

in the body of mammals (25 – 30%).

• It is the main structural component of connective tissue (skin, cartilage, ligaments, tendons and bones).

• It provides connective tissue with its ability to withstand great force and stress without breaking down or tearing.

• As people and animals age, the ability of the body to produce and maintain collagen progressively declines shortly after reaching adulthood.

What is Rousselot ASF?

• Rousselot ASF is Hydrolyzed Collagen (Hydrolyzed Gelatin).

• Rousselot ASF contains collagen peptides of low molecular weight (2 – 5,000 Da).

• Rousselot ASF is easily digestible and metabolizable.

• Rousselot ASF has been shown to have a unique and varied role in maintaining the health of connective tissue.

Horse Health – Hydrolyzed Collagen

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How is Hydrolyzed Collagen used?

Performance Nutrition – Connective Tissue• Collagen Peptides Preferentially Accumulate in Cartilage• Collagen Peptides Induce Production of Type II Collagen• Collagen Peptides Reduce the Production of Catabolic Enzyme• Collagen Peptides Reduce Catabolic Activity in Cartilage• Osteoarthritis Study with Dogs• Summary

Gastrointestinal Health

• Frequency of Ulcers in Horses• Recreational Horse Study• Effect on Gastric Lesions• Reduction in Platelet Aggregation• Chemotactic Attraction of Fibroblasts• Summary

Hydrolyzed Collagen isused in joint, ligament,

tendon, ulcer, GI Health and performance recovery

products.

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Hydrolyzed Collagen – Performance Nutrition

Contains Amino Acids critical to maintaining and

repairing connective tissue.

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How does Hydrolyzed Collagen Work?

Amino Acids % of Protein

Glycine 20Hydroxyproline 12

Proline 13

Chemotactic Effect on collagen

producing cells

Contains Amino Acids critical to maintaining and

repairing connective tissue.

Rapidly absorbed into bloodstream

Preferentially accumulates in connective tissue for extended period of time.

Predigested CollagenDi- and Tri-Peptides (2,000

– 5,000 Dalton)

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Chem

otactic activity, fibroblasts/20 O

IF

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How is Hydrolyzed Collagen used?

Performance Nutrition – Connective Tissue• Collagen Peptides Preferentially Accumulate in Cartilage• Collagen Peptides Induce Production of Type II Collagen• Collagen Peptides Reduce the Production of Catabolic Enzyme• Collagen Peptides Reduce Catabolic Activity in Cartilage• Osteoarthritis Study with Dogs• How Tendons Work

Gastrointestinal Health

• Frequency of Ulcers in Horses• Recreational Horse Study• Effect on Gastric Lesions• Reduction in Platelet Aggregation• Chemotactic Attraction of Fibroblasts• Summary

Hydrolyzed Collagen isused in joint, ligament,

tendon, ulcer, GI Health and performance recovery

products.

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Hydrolyzed Collagen – Joint Health

Collagen Peptides “Preferentially Accumulate” in Cartilage

A study by Oesser showed that more than 95% of C-labeled collagen peptides taken orally are absorbed and accumulated in the cartilage of mice as early as 12 hours after ingestion. The radioactivity was twice as high in the group receiving hydrolyzed collagen vs. the control group, demonstrating that collagen peptides “preferentially accumulate” in cartilage.

Collagen Peptides Induce Production of Type II Collagen (Cartilage)

Another study showed that applying collagen peptides to the cartilage producing cells (chondrocytes) lead to a dose-dependent production of Type II Collagen, reinforcing collagen’s role in the maintenance of connective tissue.

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Hydrolyzed Collagen – Joint Health

Dogs w/ Joint Problems

Healthy Dogs

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Before After

ng/m

l of M

MP-

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Collagen Peptides Reduce Blood Concentrations of Catabolic Enzyme

In a study by Weide (2004) where hydrolyzed collagen was fed to dogs, there were corresponding increases in the blood concentration of glycine, proline and hydroxyproline, as well as decreases in the enzyme MMP-3, which is believed to be the key enzyme involved in cartilage matrix degradation.

Collagen Peptides Reduce Catabolic Activity in Cartilage

In a study by Appelt 2005 hydrolyzed collagen was fed to horses over a period of 10 weeks, with Keratan Sulphate being periodically measured during the study. Sulphate is released during the breakdown of proteoglycans in cartilage, and are a marker of catabolic activity in cartilage.

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Fed Hydrolyzed GelatinControl Group

µmol

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atan

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Hydrolyzed Collagen – Osteoarthritis Study

Collagen Peptides Improve Mobility in Osteoarthritic Dogs

In 2009 Beynen carried out a double blind placebo-controlled trial with privately owned osteoarthritic dogs (N=30). During 8 weeks the dogs daily received either Rousselot ASF or a placebo (Soy Protein Hydrolysate) as a top dressing over their meal. Dog owners were asked to score their dogs every 8 weeks on a scale of 0 to 10 for different criteria. Dogs receiving Rousselot ASF showed significant improvements in activity, stiffness and lamenees.

Potential Mechanisms for Supporting Joint Health

• Preferential Accumulation in Cartilage• Collagen Peptides Stimulate Type II Collagen Growth• Reduce Blood Concentrations of Catabolic Enzyme• Reduce Catabolic Activity in Cartilage

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How is Hydrolyzed Collagen used?

Performance Nutrition – Connective Tissue• Collagen Peptides Preferentially Accumulate in Cartilage• Collagen Peptides Induce Production of Type II Collagen• Collagen Peptides Reduce the Production of Catabolic Enzyme• Collagen Peptides Reduce Catabolic Activity in Cartilage• Osteoarthritis Study with Dogs• How Tendons Work• Tendon & Ligament Injuries and Healing Process• Summary

Gastrointestinal Health

• Frequency of Ulcers in Horses• Recreational Horse Study• Effect on Gastric Lesions• Reduction in Platelet Aggregation• Chemotactic Attraction of Fibroblasts• Summary

Hydrolyzed Collagen isused in joint, ligament,

tendon, ulcer, GI Health and performance recovery

products.

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Hydrolyzed Collagen – Gastric Ulcers

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Recreational Perfor-mance

Frequency of Gastric Ulcers in Horses

In 2005 Pellegrini did a large-scale necroscopic study of both recreational and performance horses. The results were published in the Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. There were 365 horses in the recreational group and 180 horses in the performance group. 55% of the recreational horses and 87% of the performance horses were found to have gastric ulcers.

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7# of Horses w

ith Ul-

cer

Control Test

Recreational Horse Study

In 2005 McClure did a study observing the the effect that weekend show travel can have on a horse’s gastro-intestinal health. There were 10 horses in both the control and test group. Endoscopic analysis was used to determine that all horses in the study had no gastric ulcers at the beginning of the study. The control group remained on-site, while the test group was transported 4 hours away by trailer on Day 1, then returned back to original site on Day 4.

% of H

orses with

Ulcer

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Hydrolyzed Collagen – Gastric Ulcers

Dam

age area, mm

2

Test group given Hydrolyzed Collagen for 7 days

Hydrolyzed Collagen – Platelet Aggregation

In the same study by Samonina, platelet aggregation was measured in the blood plasma. Platelet aggregation is the clumping together of platelets in the blood, and is part of the sequence leading up to the formation of clots in the blood. Reduced platelet aggregation is one of the factors which improves microcirculation, which improves gastric mucosal blood flow.

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Platelet Aggregation

Index

Test group given Hydrolyzed Collagen for 10 days

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30Effect of Hydrolyzed Collagen on Gastric Lesions

In a study by Samonina in 2000, Hydrolyzed Collagen’s effect on gastric lesions was measured. Gastric mucosal damage was induced in live rats by oral administration of ethanol. For seven days the rats were fed a supplement containing Hydrolyzed Collagen, while the control group was fed their usual diet. At the end of the study, the gastric lesions of all the mice were measured.

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Hydrolyzed Collagen – Gastric Ulcers

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Fibroblast Chemotactic Response to Hydrolyzed Collagen

In a study by Postlethwaite in 1976, collagen producing cells (fibroblasts) were shown to have a chemotactic response to hydrolyzed collagen. Chemotaxis is when organisms direct their movement according to certain chemicals in their environment. In the experiment, fibroblast migration was measured within in vitro chemotaxis chambers.

Chem

otactic activity, fibroblasts/20 O

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Fibroblast activity measured after 150 minutes of incubation in the chamber

Mechanisms for Supporting Gastric Mucosal Health

• Essential building blocks for maintenance and repair of connective tissue.• Reduces blood plasma levels of Gastrin (Castro 2010). Gastrin is the peptide hormone which

stimulates acid secretion in the stomach. • Reduces blood plasma platelet aggregation, improving microcirculation, improving

gastric mucosal blood flow.• Induces chemotactic response on collagen producing cells (fibroblasts).