1. Clyde A. Bangligan MPA I, 2nd Semester DECISION MAKING FORMATS

2. DECISION MAKING it is the conscious act of choosing from among a number of options or courses of action 3. 4 DECISION MAKING FORMATS 4. I. KIDDER'S ETHICAL CHECKPOINTS 1. Recognize that there is a problem 2. Determine the actor/s 3. Gather the relevant facts 4. Test for right vs. wrong 5. Test for right vs. right 6. Apply the ethical standards and perspectives 7. Look for a third way 8. Make the decision 9. Revisit and reflect on the decision 5. II. THE SAD FORMULA 1. Situational definition 2. Analysis of situation 3. Decision 6. III. NASH'S 12 QUESTIONS 1. Have you defined the problem accurately? 2. How would you define the problem if you stood on the other sideof the fence? 3. Howdid this situation occur in the first place? 4. To whom and to what do you giveyour loyalty as a person and as a member of the organization? 5. What is your intention in making this decision? 6. Howdoes this intention compare with the probable results? 7. Whom couldyour decision or action injure? 8. Can you discuss the problem with the affected parties before you make your decision? 9. Are you confident that your position will be as valid overa long period of time as it seems now? 10. Could you disclose without qualmyour decision or action to your boss, your family, societyas a whole? 11. What is the symbolic potential of your action if understood? If misunderstood?12. Underwhat conditions would you allow exceptions to your stand? 7. IV. THE CASE STUDY METHOD 8. DECISION MAKING FORMATS help managers make better ethical choices All four approaches are useful. You may want to use just one or a combination of all of them. 9. REFERENCES http://plato.acadiau.ca http://quizlet.com http://web.monroecc.edu http://www.ndsu.edu http://www.sagepub.com Lorenzana, Carlos C., M.A. Management Theory and Practice. Manila. Rex Bookstore 2003 (Rev. Ed.) www.agsm.edu.au www.dguth.journalism.ku 10. Dont make decisions when youre mad nor make promises when youre happy To GOD be the glory