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PROGRAMMES FOR WOMEN

Greeshma.T

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CONTENTS Introduction

Evolution of programmes

National Policy for the Empowerment of Women(2001)

Programmes/ schemes Central programmes State level programmes

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WOMEN- SOURCE OF EXISTENCE

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INTRODUCTION “Women”, the entire world is dependent on

them for its existence.

Women who is called as jannani in Vedas means the birth giver the mother of life.

All these words used for her clearly depicts that she is the one who is to be given the highest respect in the society.

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COMMON PROBLEMS1. Illiteracy2. Poverty3. Domestic Violence4. Female Feticides5. Improper Sanitation6. Child Marriage7. Security8. Gender Divide9. Lack of HealthCare10. Child Abuse11. Shortage of Food12. Ill Practices like- Dowry

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EVOLUTION OF PROGRAMMES The empowerment of women is one of the

central issues in the process of development of countries all over the world.

The Government of India had made Empowerment of Women as one of the principal objectives of the Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-2002)

Declared 2001 as the year of ‘Women's Empowerment’.

Also, Year 2003 was regarded as the Year of ‘Adolescent Girls’

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POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES - From the Fifth Five Year Plan (1974-78) on wards has been a marked shift in the approach to women’s issues from welfare to development.

The National Commission for Women was set up by an Act of Parliament in 1990 to safeguard the rights and legal entitlements of women.

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The 73rd and 74th Amendments (1993) to the Constitution of India have provided for reservation of seats in the local bodies of Panchayats and Municipalities for women.

National Policy for the Empowerment of Women was formulated 2001.

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NATIONAL POLICY FOR THE EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN(2001)

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The Government of India declared 2001 as Women’s Empowerment year.

The policy aims at upliftment, development and empowerment in socio-economic and politico-cultural aspects by creating in them an awareness on various issues in relation to their empowerment.

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THIS POLICY AIMS AT:

1. Gender equality2. Gender justice3. Social security4. Elimination of discrimination against

women in all walks of life.5. Economic development and integration

of women into main stream of economy.

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OBJECTIVES

1. Creating an environment through positive economic and social policies for full development of women to enable them to realize their full potential

2. The de-jure and de-facto enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedom by women on equal basis with men in all spheres – political, economic, social, cultural and civil

3. Equal access to participation and decision making of women in social, political and economic life of the nation

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4. Equal access to women to health care, quality education at all levels, career and vocational guidance, employment, equal remuneration, occupational health and safety, social security and public office etc.

5. Strengthening legal systems aimed at elimination of all forms of discrimination against women

6. Changing societal attitudes and community practices by active participation and involvement of both men and women.

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7. Mainstreaming a gender perspective in the development process.

8. Elimination of discrimination and all forms of violence against women and the girl child

9. Building and strengthening partnerships with civil society, particularly women’s organizations.

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PROGRAMMES

1. RAJIV GANDHI NATIONAL CRÈCHE SCHEME

2. SWADHAR GREH

3. UJJAWALA

4. STREE SAKTHI

5. WORKING WOMEN HOSTEL

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6. NARI SHAKTI PURUSKAR

7 INDIRA GANDHIMATRITVA SAHYOG YOJANA (IGMSY)

8. ONE STOP CENTRE SCHEME

9. WOMEN HELPLINE SCHEME

10. SWAYAMSIDHA

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11. NATIONAL MISSION FOR EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN (NMEW)

12. RAJYA MAHILA SAMMAN

13. TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMME FOR WOMEN (STEP)

14. RAJIV GANDHI SCHEME FOR EMPOWERMENT OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS- SABLA

15. FAMILY COUNSELLING CENTRES (FCC)

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16. RASHTRIYA MAHILA KOSH (RMK)

17. SHORT STAY HOMES

18. NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR WOMEN

19. NIRBHAYA.

SUPPORT SERVICES

CRECHE WWH

PROTECTION & REHABILITATION

SWADHARSHORT

STAY HOMES

ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT

SWAWLAMBAN

SWASAKTHI

SWAYAMSIDHA

STEP

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1.RAJIV GANDHI NATIONAL CRÈCHE SCHEME

The Indian Council for Child Welfare is one of the pioneer voluntary organizations providing early childhood care through the crèche programme across the country for over three decades.

The programme was recast by the Government of India in 2006 as the Rajiv Gandhi National Crèche Scheme for Children of Working Mothers.

At present, ICCW runs 5303 crèches across 31 States and Union Territories in the country. 

Through this programme ICCW covers tribal, rural and urban children across 449 districts.

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1. Provide day care facilities for the children below 6 years.2. Supplementary Nutrition3. Pre-school education4. Emergency health care(associated with PHC)

It is also a protection measure 1. child labour2. school drop outs 3. child prostitution4. out reach for medical and health programme 5. Female literacy etc.,

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Users charges @ of Rs. 20/- per child per month

may be collected from children from BPL families

Rs, 60/- per child per month from other families.

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2.SWADHAR GREH A Scheme for Women in Difficult Circumstances was

launched by the Department of Women and Child Development in 2001-02.

OBJECTIVES1. To cater to the primary need of shelter, food,

clothing, medical treatment and care of the women in distress and who are without any social and economic support.

2. To enable them to regain their emotional strength that gets hampered due to their encounter with unfortunate circumstances.

3. To rehabilitate them economically and emotionally.

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4. To provide them with legal aid and guidance to enable them to take steps for their readjustment in family/society.

5. To act as a support system that understands and meets various requirements of women in distress.

6. To enable them to start their life afresh with dignity and conviction.

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Strategies:

The objectives cited above would be pursued adopting the following strategies:

1. Temporary residential accommodation with the provision of food, clothing, medical facilities etc.

2. Vocational and skill up gradation trainings for economic rehabilitation of such women

3. Counselling, awareness generation and behavioural trainings

4. Legal aid and Guidance 5. Counselling through telephone.

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Beneficiaries: The benefit of the component could be availed by

women above 18 years of age of the following categories:

1. Women who are deserted and are without any social and economic support;

2. Women survivors of natural disasters who have been rendered homeless and are without any social and economic support

3. Women prisoners released from jail and are without family, social and economic support;

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5. Women victims of domestic violence, family tension or discord, who are made to leave their homes without any means of subsistence and have no special protection from exploitation and/ or facing litigation on account of marital disputes; and

6. Trafficked women/girls rescued or runaway from brothels or other places where they face exploitation and Women affected by HIV/AIDS who do not have any social or economic support. However such women/ girls should first seek assistance under UJJAWALA Scheme in areas where it is in operation.

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3.UJJAWALA

The scheme was launched in 2007

A Comprehensive Scheme for Prevention of Trafficking and Rescue, Rehabilitation and Re-Integration of Victims of Trafficking for Commercial Sexual Exploitation

TARGET GROUP/BENEFICIARIES1. Women and children who are vulnerable to trafficking

for commercial sexual exploitation.2. Women and children who are victims of trafficking for

commercial sexual exploitation.

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COMPONENTS: The Scheme shall have the following main components: -1. PREVENTION2. RESCUE3. REHABILITATION4. RE-INTEGRATION5. REPATRIATION

1. PREVENTION1. Formation and functioning of Community Vigilance Groups2. Formation and functioning of Balika (adolescent

girls)/Balala(adolescent children) Sanghas3. Sensitization Workshops/Seminars.4. Awareness generation through mass media including

kalajathas, street plays, pupettery or through any other art forms, preferably traditional

5. Development and printing of awareness generation material such as pamphlets, leaflets and posters (in local language)

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2. RESCUE1. Information gathering2. Rescue operations3. Immediate Relief on Rescue

3. REHABILITATION4. Setting up of Protective and Rehabilitative (P&R)

Homes5. Basic amenities6. Medical Care7. Legal Aid8. Administrative Costs9. Education10. Vocational Training and Income generation activities

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4. RE-INTEGRATION1. Setting of Half-Way Home2. Restoration to Families

5. REPATRIATION3. Facilitate repatriation procedures4. Repatriation to country of origin5. Setting-up of Transit Centres'

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4.STREE SAKTHI

The scheme was  launched during 2000-01  with     an objective   to empower rural women  and make them self reliant by inculcating the habit of savings and proper utilization of financial resources

Anganwadi workers and supervisors are instrumental in organizing  rural women in self help groups.

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About 15 to 20 women who belong to  below poverty line families, landless agricultural labourers, SC/ST  join together to form one self help group.

INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES1. Dairying2. Production and sale of readymade garments3. Blanket marketing4. Marketing of seeds and manure5. Production and sale of    a. Papad    b. Sambar Powder    c. Agarbathi  etc.6. Production and sale of composite manure7. Production and sale of soap and detergent

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Instituted in 1991, the award is conferred by the President of India on the occasion of International Women's Day, 8 March every year at New Delhi

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5.WORKING WOMEN HOSTEL The scheme was introduced in 1972-73

A Scheme to Provide Safe and Affordable Accommodation to Working Women(As amended June, 2015)

Beneficiaries1. Working women, who may be single, widowed,

divorced, separated, married but whose husband or immediate family does not reside in the same city/area

2. Women who are under training for job provided the total training period does not exceed one year

3. Girls up to the age of 18 years and boys up to the age of 5 years, accompanying working mothers will be provided accommodation, with their mothers

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6.NARI SHAKTI PURUSKAR The Ministry of Women and Child Development, in

order to recognize the efforts made by women & institutions in rendering distinguished services for the cause of women, especially vulnerable and marginalized women

It has been decided by the Ministry in the year 2015

The award shall be applicable to institutions and individuals who have rendered distinguished services to the cause of women

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7.INDIRA GANDHIMATRITVA SAHYOG YOJANA (IGMSY) A new scheme for pregnant and lactating women has

been approved by the Government initially on pilot basis in 52 selected districts across the country

It was introduced in 2010

To improve the health and nutrition status of pregnant, lactating women and infants

Pregnant Women of 19 years of age and above for first two live births are entitled for benefits under the scheme.

The beneficiaries will be paid Rs.4000/ in three instalments

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In 2013, the scheme was brought under the National Food Security Act, 2013 to implement the provision of cash maternity benefit of ₹6,000 (US$90) stated in the Act

Presently, the scheme is implemented on a pilot basis in 53 selected districts and proposals are under consideration to scale it up to 200 additional 'high burden districts' in 2015-16

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8. ONE STOP CENTRE SCHEME

The One Stop Centre will provide support and assistance to women affected by violence, both in private and public spaces.

In case girls under 18 year of age are referred to the Centre, they will also be served in coordination with authorities/institutions established under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 and Protection of Children from Sexual Offence Act, 2012.

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Type of Service 1.Medical assistance: Referral to hospital through helpline/Centre. If required, provide ambulance 2. Police assistance: Facilitate/Assisting in filing First Information Report

(FIR/NCR)

3. Psycho-social support/ counselling 4. Legal aid/counselling

5. Shelter: Short stay with food and clothing Referral to shelter homes for prolonged stay

6. Video Conferencing Facility

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9. WOMEN HELPLINE SCHEME

The ‘Help Emergency Assistance Rescue Terminal’ (HEART) – a software led application/initiative where women can register themselves for emergency help by police.

HEART has been assigned a toll free number 1091 on which any women, who urgently needs police assistance, can call.

The survivor does not need to speak at all.

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181 (Women in distress)

Chief Minister Helpline, Delhi - On 31st December 2012

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10. SWAYAMSIDHA  Swayamsidha is a centrally sponsored scheme

launched from 2000-01.  

It is based on the formation of women's self help groups with emphasis on converging services, developing access to micro credit and promoting micro enterprises.

    Each self-help group will have about 15-20 members with one leader or key person.

Homogeneous groups of women belonging to the same socio-economic status will be formed, networking self-help groups (SHGs) with panchayat institutions and government functionaries.

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11.NATIONAL MISSION FOR EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN (NMEW)

It is an initiative of the Government of India for empowering women holistically.

It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme sanctioned in April 2011 It acts as an umbrella Mission with a mandate to strengthen inter-sectoral convergence and facilitate the process of coordination of all the women’s welfare and socio-economic development programmes across Ministries and Departments.

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12.RAJYA MAHILA SAMMAN The women involved in advocacy and awareness

creation, motivation, community mobilisation, women’s empowerment, skill development, training and capacity building and enterprise promotion in conjunction with tangible activities.

Carrying out any one or more of these could be indicatively in fields such as health and hygiene, child sex ratio, women safety and survival, education, nutrition, environment, water management, social security.

They could be in any area that affects the lives, livelihoods, status and dignity of women and girls.

It could be action that seeks to remove gender asymmetries and attitudes towards women.

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“Rajya Mahila

Samman”

Award for a

woman in the

State consisting

of a cash prize

of Rs.40,000/- 

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13.TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMME FOR WOMEN (STEP)

The Ministry has been administering ‘Support to Training and Employment Programme for Women (STEP) Scheme’ since 1986-87 as a ‘Central Sector Scheme’

The STEP Scheme aims to provide skills that give employability to women and to provide competencies and skill that enable women to become self-employed/entrepreneurs

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The Scheme is intended to benefit women who are in the age group of 16 years and above across the country

It also provide training on Handicrafts, Computer & IT enable services along with soft skills and skills for the work place such as spoken English, Gems & Jewellery, Travel & Tourism

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14.RAJIV GANDHI SCHEME FOR EMPOWERMENT OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS- SABLA

Introduced in 2010 A comprehensive scheme for the holistic development of

adolescence girls Implemented in 205 selected districts across the country,

using ICDS Two components (1)Nutrition and (2) Non-Nutrition Nutrition components- 600 calories , 18-20 grams of

protein and micronutrients per beneficiary per day for 300 in a year

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Non-Nutrition components- out of school adolescent girls 11-18 are provided IFA supplementation, health check-up and referral services, nutrition.

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15.FAMILY COUNSELLING CENTRES (FCC)

Family Counselling Centre is a not-for-profit, community-based agency that provides residents with a variety of professional counselling, support, prevention and coordination services

Social Service Trust started Family counseling centre in the year 2007-March-26th, with the aid of Central Social welfare Board for addressing the domestic issues faced by the society.

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SERVICES

1. Provide Counselling Services2. Referral Services3. Rehabilitative Services4. Crisis intervention 5. Trauma Counselling

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16.RASHTRIYA MAHILA KOSH (RMK)

Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) was established by the government of India in march, 1993 as an autonomous body under the ministry of women & child development

. It was registered under the Societies Registration Act 1860.

Economic upliftment of poor women

RMK extends micro-credit to the women in the informal sector through a client friendly, without collateral and in a hassle-free manner for income generation activities

The operating model currently followed by RMK is that of a facilitating agency

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17.SHORT STAY HOMES

The Scheme of Short Stay Home was launched in 1969

Handed over to Central Social Welfare Board for implementation and monitoring from April,1999.

Objective - to rehabilitate those women and girls who are facing social, economic and emotional problems.

To  provide  temporary  shelter  and support to  women  and  girls who have  no social  support systems to  rely on.

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This scheme provides temporary accommodation, maintenance, medical care, counselling and rehabilitative services to women and girls in distress

grant is provided for the maintenance of maximum 30 residents and maximum 07 children.

The period of stay of residents normally extends from six months to three years

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18.NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR WOMEN The National Commission for Women was set up as

statutory body in January 1992 under the National Commission for Women Act, 1990 ( Act No. 20 of 1990 of Govt.of India ) to :

1. review the Constitutional and Legal safeguards for women ;

2. recommend remedial legislative measures ; 3. facilitate redressal of grievances4. advise the Government on all policy matters

affecting women

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19.NIRBHAYA Launched in 2014

A comprehensive policy and action plan with multi-stakeholder convergence, covering various

Aspects such as prevention, protection, rescue, rehabilitation,

Restoration, reintegration, legal reforms and creation of a corpus fund,

Is necessary for addressing the problem of sexual violence against women and children and sex trafficking.

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Ministry of Women and Child Development (WCD) is the nodal authority which can be approached by various Ministries/Departments with the proposals/schemes,

It to be funded from 'Nirbhaya Fund' (as per the announcement in Budget 2013-14) targeted to strengthen the safety and security of women in the country.

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BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO This is a joint initiative of Ministry of Women and Child

Development, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and Ministry of Human Resource Development.

Launched in 2015.

The objectives of this initiative are:

1.� Prevention of gender biased sex selective elimination

2.� Ensuring survival & protection of the girl child

3.� Ensuring education and participation of the girl child

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PROGRAMMES OF KERALA STATE GOVERNMENT

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1. SCHEME OF WIDOW REMARRIAGE - 'MANGALYA‘

2. Flagship Programme for Gender Awareness

3. FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME ON FINISHING SCHOOL FOR WOMEN

4. EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE TO CHILDREN OF WOMEN HEADED FAMILIES

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5. Implementation of Dowry Prohibition Act

6. VOCATIONAL TRAINING TO INMATES OF WOMEN WELFARE INSTITUTION THROUGH STED

7. NUTRITION SUPPLEMENT TO HIV AFFECTED WOMEN AND CHILDREN

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1.SCHEME OF WIDOW REMARRIAGE - 'MANGALYA‘

The scheme ‘Mangalaya’ to encourage widow remarriage

Beneficiaries -women belonging to the age group of 18 – 50 yrs who are legally divorced and widowed.   

Financial assistance of Rs. 25,000/- is provided for eligible widows and divorced women.

Remarriage certificate (remarriage taken place before the respective registrar) should be produced

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2.FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME FOR GENDER AWARENESS

This programme aims to overcome gender discrimination .

3.FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME ON FINISHING SCHOOL FOR WOMEN

It proposes to equip and upgrade the faculties and skills of women job seekers through additional training so as to make them employable.

   

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4.EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE TO CHILDREN OF WOMEN HEADED FAMILIES

The scheme proposes to     extend a helping hand to women headed families by way of providing financial assistance to the education of children

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5.IMPLEMENTATION OF DOWRY PROHIBITION ACT In July 2004, the State Government amended

the Kerala Dowry Prohibition

6. VOCATIONAL TRAINING TO INMATES OF WOMEN WELFARE INSTITUTION THROUGH STED

This has enabled the women inmates of welfare institutions to make productive use of their time as well as to generate an income for their own personal needs

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7. NUTRITION SUPPLEMENT TO HIV AFFECTED WOMEN AND CHILDREN

HIV-control strategies in Kerala got a fillip with the Social Justice Directorate’s scheme in December 2008 to provide nutrition supplements to women and children living with HIV

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CONCLUSION1. Evolution of programmes

2. National Policy for the Empowerment of Women(2001)

3. Programmes/ schemes Central programmes State level programmes

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REFERENCE1. http://wcd.nic.in/schemes-listing/2405 date:

5/11/152. http://www.swd.kerala.gov.in/index time:

3.30pm

3. nrhm.gov.in/nrhm-components/rmnch a/maternal.../background.html- date: 6/11/15

4. http://www.indiacelebrating.com/essay/social-issues/women-empowerment/issues-and-problems-faced-by-women-in-india/- date: 9/11/15 time: 2.30pm

5. www.rmk.nic.in/rmkadm.html - date: 9/11/156. Dr. Sacchdeva D.R; Social Welfare Administration

in India

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Thank you