Wesgro IQ Seminar: Food & Beverages Exports to Africa

Wesgro IQ Seminar: Food & Beverages Exports to Africa

19 March 2012 Julius Okiror, Economist

Presentation Overview

• Global food & beverage trade

• South Africa’s food & beverage trade

• Western Cape’s food & beverage trade

• South Africa’s FDI to Africa’s food & beverage sector

• Questions and Answers

Global GDP Growth

3/19/2013

• Global growth is projected to

increase during 2013. IMF

forecasts global growth to

increase from 3.3% in 2012

to 3.6% in 2013, moving to

3.8% in 2014.

• Euro area is expected to

remain below 2% over the

forecast period.

• Emerging and developing

economies are expected to

be the main source of

economic growth from 5.3%

in 2012 increasing to 5.2% in

2017.

• Africa is set to grow by 5.7%

in 2013 increasing to 5.8% in

2017.

Source: IMF 2013, UNCTAD WIR 2013

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013f 2014f 2015f 2016f 2017f

Emerging market and developingeconomies

6.1% 2.7% 7.4% 6.2% 5.3% 5.6% 5.9% 6.1% 6.1% 6.2%

Sub-Saharan Africa 5.6% 2.8% 5.3% 5.1% 5.0% 5.7% 5.5% 5.8% 5.7% 5.8%

World 2.8% -0.6% 5.1% 3.8% 3.3% 3.6% 4.1% 4.4% 4.5% 4.6%

Middle East and North Africa 4.5% 2.6% 5.0% 3.3% 5.3% 3.6% 3.8% 4.3% 4.5% 4.5%

South Africa 3.6% -1.5% 2.9% 3.1% 2.6% 3.0% 3.9% 4.1% 4.1% 4.1%

Advanced economies 0.1% -3.5% 3.0% 1.6% 1.3% 1.5% 2.3% 2.6% 2.6% 2.6%

Euro area 0.4% -4.4% 2.0% 1.4% -0.4% 0.2% 1.2% 1.5% 1.7% 1.7%

-6%

-4%

-2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

GD

P G

row

th (

%)

GLOBAL REAL GDP GROWTH ANNUAL PERCENTAGE CHANGE, 2008-2017

Growth Cities: Urbanisation of Africa

Source: UN-Habitat, 2013 & The Economist, 2013

• According to UN-Habitat: 1/3 of Africa's 1

billion inhabitants currently live in urban

areas, but by 2030 that proportion will

have risen to a half.

• Most populous city in 2010 is Cairo, will

grow by 23% to 13.5m people, but

overtaken by both Lagos (15.8m) and

Kinshasa (15m).

• Number of middle class Africans has

tripled over the last 30 years to 313 million

people, or more than 34% of the

continent’s population.

• North Africa has the highest middle class.

Tunisia has highest concentration 90%,

followed by Morocco 85% & Egypt 80%. Other

countries include Gabon, Botswana, Namibia,

Ghana, Cape Verde, Kenya and South Africa.

Ease of Doing Business Top 10 African Markets, 2012

TOP 10 AFRICAN MARKETS IN EASE OF DOING BUSINESS, 2012

AFRICAN

RANKING

2012

ECONOMY TOP INDICATOR SECOND INDICATOR

WORLD

RANKING

2012

1 Mauritius Paying Taxes (11) Protecting Investors (13) 23

2 South Africa Getting Credit (1) Protecting Investors (10) 35

3 Rwanda Starting a Business (8) Getting Credit (8) 45

4 Tunisia Trading Across Borders (32) Resolving Insolvency (38) 46

5 Botswana Paying Taxes (22) Resolving Insolvency (28) 54

6 Ghana Registering Property (36) Enforcing Contracts (46) 63

7 Namibia Getting Credit (24) Enforcing Contracts (40) 78

8 Zambia Getting Credit (8) Paying Taxes (47) 84

9 Morocco Trading Across Borders (43) Resolving Insolvency (67)) 94

10 Kenya Dealing with Construction Permits (8) Dealing with Construction Permits (37) 109

Source: World Bank: Ease of Doing Business, 2012

Global Exports

• IMF estimates exports of

developed economies grew by

2.4% in 2012, expected to slow

to 3.5% in 2013, then increase to

4.6% in 2013

• IMF estimates exports of

developing economies grew 4%

in 2012, slow to 3.5% in 2013,

then increase to 6.9% in 2014.

• Africa is the fastest growing

region in 2011 for global exports,

growing at 19%.

Source: TradeMap, 2012 & IMF, 2013

Africa (ZAR4.3trn)

America (ZAR21.8trn)

Asia (ZAR50.3trn)

Europe (ZAR50trn)

Oceania (ZAR2.1trn)

15.0%

15.5%

16.0%

16.5%

17.0%

17.5%

18.0%

18.5%

19.0%

19.5%

-10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Gro

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0-20

11 (

%)

Share of Exports (%)

GLOBAL EXPORTS BY REGIONS, 2011

Global Exports of Food Products to Africa

Source: Quantec, 2012

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

America 9 556 7 306 8 092 10 393 15 264 15 314 20 854 24 525 27 462 37 812

Europe 17 473 13 302 12 323 13 824 17 572 19 179 25 744 25 043 25 121 30 000

Asia 3 528 4 053 3 706 5 746 7 635 14 004 20 161 18 240 19 038 28 029

Africa 8 713 7 886 6 863 6 396 9 522 9 906 14 124 17 930 20 677 18 085

Oceania 201 124 166 287 354 600 631 612 613 935

0

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GLOBAL EXPORTS OF FOOD PRODUCTS TO AFRICA, 2002-2011

• Global Food Companies present in Africa: Massmart from US; Nestle from Switzerland; Cargill from US; Borges from

Spain; McCain Foods from Canada; Ocean Fresh Foods from UK, Ferrero from Italy.

Global Exports of Beverages to Africa


2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Europe 5 827 4 982 4 635 4 985 6 872 9 723 13 833 12 569 11 949 14 171

Africa 4 253 4 969 3 969 4 433 5 372 7 065 11 219 11 339 10 204 10 374

Asia 2 149 2 014 1 810 2 359 3 263 4 023 5 943 5 857 5 647 6 849

America 552 438 545 767 815 1 309 1 631 1 588 1 588 2 189

Oceania 26 29 35 36 39 39 41 32 59 48

0

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8 000

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(ZA

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GLOBAL EXPORTS OF BEVERAGES TO AFRICA, 2002-2011

• Global Beverage Companies present in Africa: Coca Cola from US; Heineken from Netherlands; SABmiller from UK;

Distell Group from SA; Rasna from India; First National Choice from SA; Kasapreko from Ghana

Intra- Africa Exports of Food & Beverage Products

Source: TradeMap, 2013

Top 10 African Source Markets for Food Exports into Africa, 2011 Top 10 African Source Markets for Beverage Exports into Africa, 2011

Zambia ZAR1

372bn, (7.6%)

Kenya

ZAR869bn,

(4.9%)

Ghana ZAR703bn,

(3.9%)

Uganda ZAR753bn, (4.2%)

Egypt ZAR3 046bn, (17%)

South Africa

ZAR5 064bn ,(28%)

Namibia ZAR621bn,

(3.4%)

Côte d'Ivoire

ZAR1 493bn,

(8.3%)

Senegal

ZAR799bn,

(4.4%)

South Africa

ZAR2 048bn, (19.7%)

Kenya

ZAR2 447bn, (23.6%)

Namibia ZAR1 548bn,

(14.9%)

Uganda

ZAR1 358bn, (13.1%)

Rwanda ZAR401bn, (3.9%)

Ghana ZAR377bn, (3.6%)

Malawi ZAR304bn, (2.9%)

Tanzania

ZAR299bn, (2.9%)

Côte d'Ivoire ZAR272bn

(2.6%)

Ethiopia ZAR246bn, (2.4%)

South Africa’s Food & Beverage Trade

South African Exports of Food & Beverages Products by Regions

• Asia SA fastest growing region for food products in 2012 growing at 21%.

• Africa is SA’s largest export region in 2012 estimated at ZAR5.5bn,

growing at 15%.


Africa (ZAR5 564m)

South America (ZAR98m)

Asia (ZAR1 257m)

Europe (ZAR1 708m)

Oceania (ZAR434m)

North America, 548

Middle East, 341

-5%

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(%

)

Share of SA Exports (%)

SOUTH AFRICA’S EXPORTS OF FOOD PRODUCTS TO GLOBAL REGIONS, 2012

Africa (ZAR2 522m)


Asia (ZAR690m)

Europe (ZAR4 299m)

Oceania (ZAR120m)

North America (ZAR981m)

Middle East (ZAR356m)

-20%

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60%

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(%

) Share of SA Exports (%)

SOUTH AFRICA EXPORTS OF BEVERAGES TO GLOBAL REGIONS, 2012

• Oceania was SA fastest growing export region in 2012 growing at 46%,

• Europe is SA’s biggest export region in 2012 estimated at ZAR4.3bn,

followed by Africa at ZAR2.4bn

South Africa’s Global Export Markets of Food & Beverage Products


SOUTH AFRICA’S GLOBAL EXPORT MARKETS OF FOOD PRODUCTS, 2012 SOUTH AFRICA’S GLOBAL EXPORT MARKETS OF BEVERAGE, 2012

RANK IMPORTERS VALUE 2012

(ZARm) % SHARE 2012

%

GROWTH

2011-2012


(ZARm)

% SHARE

2012

% GROWTH

2011-2012

1 Zimbabwe 1 469 14.76% 20.66% 1 United Kingdom 1 169 9.80% 12.78%

2 Mozambique 1 171 11.77% 9.65% 2 Germany 837 -1.85% 9.15%

3 Zambia 672 6.75% 30.79% 3 Sweden 564 -9.32% 6.16%

4 Japan 594 5.97% 16.78% 4 United States 559 19.89% 6.11%

5 Angola 473 4.76% -0.20% 5 Angola 541 -2.25% 5.91%

6 Netherlands 439 4.41% 12.88% 6 Netherlands 496 -11.98% 5.42%

7 United Kingdom 390 3.91% 2.77% 7 Canada 419 19.21% 4.58%

8 United States 385 3.87% 16.14% 8 Ghana 390 229.81% 4.26%

9 Germany 381 3.83% -0.72% 9 Zimbabwe 319 35.42% 3.48%

10 Australia 351 3.53% 15.50% 10 United Arab Emirates 268 10.51% 2.93%

TOTAL EXPORTS 9 954 100% 14.07% TOTAL EXPORTS 9 149 100% 11.26%

South African Exports of Food Products to African Regions

TOP 10 SOUTH AFRICAN EXPORT MARKETS IN AFRICA, 2012

Rank Market

Value

2012

(ZARm)

% Share 2012 % Growth 2011-2012

1 Zimbabwe 1 469 26.40% 20.66%

2 Mozambique 1 171 21.05% 9.65%

3 Zambia 672 12.08% 30.79%

4 Angola 473 8.51% -0.20%

5 Nigeria 336 6.04% -4.48%

6 Mauritius 207 3.72% 3.31%

7 Malawi 166 2.99% 28.96%

8 Ghana 143 2.58% 30.53%

9 DRC 135 2.42% 1.23%

10 Madagascar 111 1.99% 15.61%

Total Exports 5 564 100% 20.66%


• SADC: Share 81% (ZAR4.4bn) growth of 16% in 2012

• West Africa: Share 11% (ZAR622m) growth of 4% in 2012

• East Africa: Share 6% (ZAR335m) growth of 17% in 2012

• Northern Africa: Share 1.2% (ZAR69m) growth of 165% in 2012

• Middle Africa: Share 1% (ZAR57m) growth of 50% in 2012

South African Exports of Beverages to African Regions

TOP 10 SOUTH AFRICAN EXPORT MARKETS IN AFRICA, 2012

Rank Market

Value

2012

(ZARm)

% Share 2012 % Growth 2011-2012

1 Angola 541 21.45% -2.25%

2 Ghana 390 15.45% 229.81%

3 Zimbabwe 319 12.63% 35.42%

4 Zambia 241 9.58% 32.02%

5 Mozambique 217 8.60% 18.28%

6 Tanzania 175 6.95% 43.40%

7 Nigeria 131 5.19% -3.64%

8 Kenya 119 4.70% 2.00%

9 Madagascar 74 2.94% 22.85%

10 DRC 71 2.83% -13.53%

Total Exports 2 522 100% 20.43%


• SADC: Share 66% (ZAR1.7bn) growth of 15% in 2011


• East Africa: Share 10% (ZAR250m) growth of 6.7% in 2011

• Northern Africa: Share 0.1% (ZAR2..3m) growth of -75% in 2011

• Middle Africa: Share 2% (ZAR38m) growth of -38% in 2011

South Africa’s Exports of Food & Beverage Products to Africa


SOUTH AFRICAN EXPORTS TO AFRICA OF FOOD PRODUCTS, 2012 SOUTH AFRICAN EXPORTS TO AFRICA OF BEVERAGES, 2012

RANK PRODUCTS

VALUE

2012

(ZARm)

% SHARE

2012

% GROWTH

2011-2012 RANK PRODUCTS

VALUE

2012

(ZARm)

% SHARE

2012

% GROWTH

2011-2012

1 Solid cane or beet sugar and chemically

pure sucrose 1 120 20.13% 19.11% 1

Grape wines(including fortified),

alcoholic grape must 571 22.63% 1.01%

2 Food preparations 1 053 18.92% 6.15% 2 Ethyl alcohol, undenatured and >

80%, or denatured 544 21.59% 122.38%

3 Fruit and vegetable juices, not fermented

or spirited 726 13.05% 18.38% 3

Liqueur, spirits and undenatured

ethyl alcohol <80% 433 17.16% 2.19%

4 Soups, broths and homogenized food

preparations 354 6.37% 18.84% 4

Waters, non-alcoholic sweetened or

flavoured beverages 317 12.56% -5.93%

5 Baked bread, pastry, wafers, rice paper,

biscuits 327 5.87% 26.52% 5

Fermented beverages nes (eg cider,

perry, mead) 298 11.82% 3.85%

6 Sauce, condiments, mixed seasoning and

mustard 296 5.32% 17.94% 6 Beer made from malt 215 8.54% 63.64%

7 Cereal food (roasted, swelled), cooked

grain not maize 235 4.23% 15.41% 7 Tea 97 3.85% 45.30%

8 Chocolate and other foods containing

cocoa 219 3.94% 18.79% 8

Coffee, coffee husks and skins and

coffee substitutes 34 1.34% 27.27%

9 Vegetables nes, prepared/preserved, not

frozen/vinegar 186 3.35% -7.69% 9

Unsweetened beverage waters, ice

and snow 11 0.44% 4.02%

10 Sugar confectionery, non-cocoa, white

chocolate 179 3.22% 4.43% 10

Vermouth and other flavoured grape

wine 2 0.07% 32.43%

TOTAL EXPORTS 5 564 100% 20.66% TOTAL EXPORTS 2 522 100% 20.43%

Western Cape’s Food & Beverage Trade

Western Cape Exports of Food & Beverages Products to Global Regions

• Middle East was WC fastest growing export region in 2011 growing at 38%, followed by Africa at 33%.

• Africa was WC’s biggest export in 2011 estimated at ZAR1bn, followed by


Africa (ZAR1 062m)


Asia (ZAR760m)

Europe (ZAR960m)

Oceania (ZAR281m)



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Share of WC Exports (%)

WESTERN CAPE EXPORTS OF FOODS PRODUCTS TO GLOBAL REGIONS, 2011

Africa (ZAR1.1bn)


Asia (ZAR318m)

Europe (ZAR4bn)

Oceania (ZAR68m)



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WESTERN CAPE EXPORTS OF BEVERAGES TO GLOBAL REGIONS, 2011

• Africa WC fastest growing export region in 2011 growing at 27%.

• Europe is WC’s biggest export region in 2011 estimated at ZAR4bn,

followed by Africa at ZAR1.1bn.

Western Cape’s Global Export Markets of Food & Beverage Products


WESTERN CAPE’S GLOBAL EXPORT MARKETS OF FOOD PRODUCTS, 2011 WESTERN CAPE’S GLOBAL EXPORT MARKETS OFBEVERAGES, 2011


(ZARm)

% SHARE

2011

% GROWTH

2010-2011 RANK IMPORTERS

VALUE 2011

(ZARm)

% SHARE

2011

% GROWTH

2010-2011

1 Japan 310 8.89% 13.53% 1 United Kingdom 1 032 16.16% -26.24%

2 Germany 265 7.58% -1.15% 2 Germany 838 13.14% 5.66%

3 Australia 225 6.44% 26.95% 3 Sweden 622 9.74% -4.15%

4 Zimbabwe 221 6.33% 127.41% 4 Angola 544 8.52% 22.22%

5 Hong Kong 204 5.83% 39.47% 5 Netherlands 521 8.17% 8.80%

6 United Kingdom 190 5.45% -2.20% 6 Canada 350 5.49% -5.41%

7 Zambia 154 4.40% 13.78% 7 Denmark 300 4.71% -1.85%

8 Netherlands 140 4.02% -8.16% 8 United States 300 4.70% -3.54%

9 Mozambique 130 3.74% 24.42% 9 Belgium 180 2.82% 5.54%

10 United States 118 3.39% -3.67% 10 China 145 2.27% 79.41%

TOTAL EXPORTS 3 490 100% 12.80% TOTAL EXPORTS 6 382 100% -0.45%

Western Cape Exports of Food Products to African Regions

TOP 10 WESTERN CAPE EXPORT MARKETS IN AFRICA, 2011

Rank Market

Value

2011

(ZARm)

% Share 2011 % Growth 2010-2011

1 Zimbabwe 221 20.81% 127.41%

2 Zambia 154 14.45% 13.78%

3 Mozambique 130 12.28% 24.42%

4 Nigeria 116 10.93% 288.99%

5 Angola 102 9.59% 1.41%

6 Mauritius 94 8.89% 4.70%

7 Ghana 50 4.68% 9.56%

8 Tanzania 29 2.75% 20.70%

9 Malawi 27 2.57% -4.98%

10 DRC 27 2.56% 64.46%

Total Exports 1 062 100% 33.55%


• SADC: Share 74% (ZAR790m) growth of 32% in 2011


• East Africa: Share 4% (ZAR46m) growth of -20% in 2011

• Northern Africa: Share 1% (ZAR7.1m) growth of -64% in 2011

• Middle Africa: Share 2.9% (ZAR30m) growth of 41% in 2011

Western Cape Exports of Beverages to African Regions

TOP 10 WESTERN CAPE EXPORT MARKETS IN AFRICA, 2011

Rank Market

Value

2011

(ZARm)

% Share 2011

% Growth 2010-2011

1 Angola 544 49.96% 22.22%

2 Nigeria 123 11.26% 49.26%

3 Kenya 90 8.24% 9.29%

4 Zimbabwe 65 5.98% 99.94%

5 Tanzania 45 4.16% 7.44%

6 Ghana 40 3.65% 29.08%

7 Mauritius 33 3.02% 18.83%

8 Mozambique 32 2.91% 38.22%

9 Liberia 11 1.00% 123.79%

10 Réunion 11 0.97% 0.74%

Total Exports 1 089 100% 27.29%


• SADC: Share 69% (ZAR746m) growth of 25% in 2011


• East Africa: Share 12% (127m) growth of 10% in 2011

• Northern Africa: Share 1% (ZAR6.6m) growth of 66% in 2011

• Middle Africa: Share 1% (ZAR14m) growth of 83% in 2011

Western Cape’s Fastest Growing Export Markets of Food &

Beverage Products to Africa, 2011


WESTERN CAPE’S EXPORT MARKETS TO AFRICA OF FOOD

PRODUCTS, 2011

WESTERN CAPE’S EXPORT MARKETS TO AFRICA OF

BEVERAGES, 2011

RANK IMPORTERS

VALUE

2011

(ZARm)

SHARE

2011

GROWTH

2011 RANK IMPORTERS

VALUE

2011

(ZARm)

SHARE

2011

GROWTH

2011

1 Nigeria 116.1 10.93% 288.99% 1 Liberia 10.9 1.00% 123.79%

2 Gabon 23.7 2.23% 148.79% 2 Zimbabwe 65.1 5.98% 99.94%

3 Zimbabwe 221.0 20.81% 127.41% 3 Democratic Republic of the

Congo 5.3 0.49% 97.26%

4 DRC 27.2 2.56% 64.46% 4 Cameroon 5.3 0.49% 79.35%

5 Seychelles 5.9 0.55% 35.06% 5 Congo 6.4 0.59% 77.51%

6 Uganda 6.0 0.57% 32.46% 6 Sudan 6.6 0.61% 65.76%

7 Mozambique 130.5 12.28% 24.42% 7 Nigeria 122.6 11.26% 49.26%

8 Tanzania 29.2 2.75% 20.70% 8 Madagascar 5.4 0.50% 45.74%

9 Zambia 153.5 14.45% 13.78% 9 Mozambique 31.7 2.91% 38.22%

10 Ghana 49.7 4.68% 9.56% 10 Ghana 39.8 3.65% 29.08%

TOTAL EXPORTS 1 062 100% 33.55% TOTAL EXORTS 1 089 100% 27.29%

Western Cape Exports of Food & Beverage Products to Africa


WESTERN CAPE EXPORTS OF FOOD PRODUCTSTO AFRICA, 2011 WESTERN CAPE EXPORTS OF BEVERAGES TO AFRICA, 2011

RANK PRODUCTS

VALUE

2011

(ZARm)

% SHARE

2011

% GROWTH

2010-2011 RANK PRODUCTS

VALUE

2011

(ZARm)

% SHARE

2011

% GROWTH

2010-2011

1 Sauce, condiments, mixed seasoning and

mustard 123 11.57% 93.71% 1

Grape wines(including fortified),

alcoholic grape must 453.7 41.67% 22.17%

2 Food preparations 97 9.09% 47.44% 2 Liqueur, spirits and undenatured

ethyl alcohol <80% 373.6 34.32% 43.12%

3 Prepared or preserved meat, meat offal

and blood 67 6.29% 94.70% 3

Fermented beverages nes (eg cider,

perry, mead) 221.4 20.33% 18.13%

4 Cereal food (roasted, swelled), cooked

grain not maize 53 5.02% 49.94% 4

Waters, non-alcoholic sweetened or

flavoured beverages 27.1 2.49% 31.85%

5 Vegetables nes, prepared/preserved, not

frozen/vinegar 43 4.02% 69.66% 5

Unsweetened beverage waters, ice

and snow 3.5 0.33% -20.16%

6 Fruit, nut, edible plant parts nes,

prepared/preserved 39 3.71% 2.13% 6 Beer made from malt 2.8 0.26% 47.06%

7 Baked bread, pastry, wafers, rice paper,

biscuits, 35 3.33% 14.48% 7 Tea 2.5 0.23% -16.46%

8 Malt extract, flour, dairy preparations, low

cocoa 32 3.05% 24.07% 8

Ethyl alcohol, undenatured and >

80%, or denatured 1.9 0.18% -38.74%

9 Pasta, couscous 30 2.79% 60.07% 9 Coffee, coffee husks and skins and

coffee substitutes 1.7 0.15% -6.71%

10 Sugar confectionery, non-cocoa, white

chocolate 26 2.47% 3.88% 10

Vermouth and other flavoured grape

wine 0.4 0.04% -27.97%

TOTAL EXPORTS 1 062 100% 33.55% TOTAL EXORTS 1 089 100% 27.29%

South Africa’s FDI into Africa’s Food & Beverage Sector

Source: FDI Intelligence, 2013

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Capex (ZARm) 487 117 173 12 1 318 1 007 73 660 1 556 965

Projects 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 4 9 5

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SOUTH AFRICA’S FDI INTO AFRICA’S FOOD & BEVERAGE SECTOR, 2003-2012

South Africa’s FDI into Africa’s Food & Beverage Sector 2003-2012

Source: FDI Intelligence, 2013

Shoprite (ZAR919m)

Pick n Pay (ZAR424m)

Distell (ZAR12m)

NMI Group (ZAR175m)

Tongaat Hulett (ZAR73m)

Shoprite (ZAR173m)

Tongaat Hulett (ZAR1805m)

First National Choice (ZAR50m)

Shoprite (ZAR173m)


Shoprite (ZAR66m)

Nutro Manufacturing EPZ

(ZAR52m)

Shoprite (ZAR695m)

Pick n Pay (ZAR173)

Shoprite (ZAR661m)



• 99% of all investments originated

from Cape Town

• 99% of all Investments went into the

retail food and beverage stores sub-

sector

Investor Relations

Wesgro IQ Seminar: Food & Beverages Exports to Africa