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Practical Responsive
Images
http://unsplash.com/
A picture is worth a thousand words…
http://unsplash.com/
…but the cost is much greater
http://httparchive.orghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Size_comparisons
213,000 Words
1249kB Images
Average Bytes per Page by Content Type (April 2015):
If 1kB is 1024 ASCII characters
6 characters/word
An estimated average word length is five characters, plus a space
(1249kB * 1024) / 6 = ~213,160
(including HTML)
(of a total: 1950kB)
50-60 img requests
per page
Average image size for JPEG
was 30kB
The cost of images
Pride and Prejudice contains approximately
122,000 words
http://www.searchlit.org/novels/460.php
The cost of images
The cost of images
The Value of Images
http://www.thoughtmechanics.com/the-importance-of-images-in-web-design/
“Pictures have the power to create an emotional response in the audience, which is worth its weight in gold. An image can also
communicate instantly, as our brain can interpret them much quicker than text.”
thoughtmechanics.com
“If I’d have to pick one single thing that would sell a product online, it’s images.”
Peep Laja (Conversion Coach)
The Value of Images
http://www.jeffbullas.com/2012/05/28/6-powerful-reasons-why-you-should-include-images-in-your-marketing-infographic/
In an ecommerce site, 67% of consumers say the quality of a product image is “very important” in selecting and purchasing a product
http://www.jeremysaid.com/the-jaw-dropping-effect-that-images-can-have-on-your-conversion-rates/
Headshots of customer service reps on a web page can boost conversion rates by 20%
Articles with images get 94% more total views
Including a Photo and a video in a press release increases views by over 45%
60% of consumers are more likely to consider or contact a business when an image shows up in local search results
In some studies 10-15x
more viewers look at and engage with the
content when the model is looking or gesturing towards it
Images are powerful
http://thinkeyetracking.com/2009/06/cuing-customers-to-look-at-your-key-messages/ Photo courtesy of Christian Hambly
In some studies 10-15x
more viewers look at and engage with the
content when the model is looking or gesturing towards it
Images are powerful
Images are engaging
http://www.eye-tracking.net/examples-of-eye-tracking-tests/
Eye tracking studies have shown that, as human beings, we give the most
attention to other human faces.
A lot has changed since 1993
Guess the year?
1993 was also the year that the <img > tag was first proposed and has remained mostly unchanged …
…whereas the rest of the web-world change quite a bit!
http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
The first ever website.
August 6, 1991Publish date:
In 1996
The closest you can experience this
today is probably
Hotel WiFiText was pretty popular…
56kbps = 7kBps 1850kB would take 265 second = 4.5 minutes
Bandwidth
A plethora of devices
Mobile adoption
http://www.creativebloq.com/netmag/how-web-design-and-mobile-design-are-becoming-same-thing-81412610
“Mobilegeddon”
21st April 2015 : Google update to its search algorithms which would begin to factor in a website’s
“mobile-friendliness” as a ranking signal
http://techcrunch.com/2015/04/21/googles-mobile-friendly-update-could-impact-over-40-of-fortune-500/#.8gqeuh:DxeE
http://googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.co.uk/2015/04/rolling-out-mobile-friendly-update.html
https://www.google.co.uk/webmasters/tools/mobile-friendly/
Foreground images at 100%
Raster image optionsBackground-images via CSS
.item_visuals img{ width: 100%; }
……does nothing for payload.
.banner { background-image: url('banner_750px.jpg'); } @media (min-width: 750px) { .banner { background-image: url('banner_1500px.jpg'); } }
…use alternatives to raster images
if you can…….
SVG
http://icomoon.io/
using <noscript>, custom data- attributes and .insertAfter($(this))
http://allbs.co.uk/2012/05/11/responsive-images-intro/
Javascript Image Replacement
<script>
var areawidth = $(window).width(); var widthDownTosmall = 600; var widthUpToLarge = 1100;
$('noscript[data-imageid]').each(function(){ var imageBase=“image/path"; var imageid = $(this).attr("data-imageid"); var imageSmall = $(this).attr("data-small-imageid"); var imageLarge = $(this).attr("data-large-imageid"); if (areawidth <= widthDownTosmall) {imageid = imageSmall; } if (areawidth >= widthUpToLarge) {imageid = imageLarge; } $('<img src="' + imageBase + imageid + '"/>').insertAfter($(this)); }); </script>
<noscript data-imageid=‘bag.jpg’ data-small-imageid=‘bag_small.jpg’ data-large-imageid=‘bag_large.jpg’> <img src=‘bag_small.jpg’ alt='Bag' />
</noscript>
<picture> srcset/sizes attributes
Enter our heroes:
http://responsiveimages.org/
Responsive Images Community Group
Nitty gritty
<picture> <source media="(min-width: 40em)" srcset="apple-big.jpg 1x, apple-big-hd.jpg 2x"> <source srcset="apple-small.jpg 1x, apple-small-hd.jpg 2x"> <img src="apple-fallback.jpg" alt="How do you like them apples?"> </picture>
<img src="apple-fallback.jpg" srcset="apple-big.jpg 1000w, apple-med.jpg 640w, apple-small.jpg 320w" sizes="(min-width: 40em) 50vw, 100vw" alt="How do you like them apples?" />
srcset x-descriptor (Device Pixel Ratio)
http://respimg.es/eg/pri2
<img srcset="Butterfly-600-retina.jpg 2x" src="Butterfly-600-standard.jpg" width="600" alt="text" />
standard image ~ 34KB‘retina’ image ~ 113KB
srcset w-descriptor without sizes (assumes 100vw)
<img srcset=“Apple_800.jpg 800w, Apple_1200.jpg 1200w" src=“Apple_fallback.jpg” alt=“How do you like them Apples?"/> </div>
sizes attribute : vw (% viewport width)
<img src=“Apple_fallback.jpg” alt="text" sizes="(min-width: 640px) 50vw, 100vw" srcset=“Apple_400.jpg 400w, Apple_600.jpg 600w, Apple_800.jpg 800w, Apple_1200.jpg 1200w" /> </div>
Viewport width
If width ≥ 640px then use 50vw
i.e. Calculations use 50% of width
50%
Within the fluid context of responsive websites, the restrictive nature of the <img> element, and lack of CSS controls for foreground images, has not been the elephant in the room. It's just been the elephant that we couldn't agree what to do with….
Picture element : Art Direction
http://respimg.es/eg/pri5
<picture> <source media="(max-width: 500px)" srcset="Apples-slices.jpg, Apples-slices-2x.jpg 2x" /> <source media="(max-width: 780px)" srcset="Apples-crop-500.jpg 500w, Apples-crop-780.jpg 780w" /> <source srcset="Apples-780.jpg 780w, Apples-1000.jpg 1000w, Apples-1800.jpg 1800w"/> <img src="Apples-fallback.jpg" alt="text" /> </picture>
Use Case 2: Crop to point of interest (Art Direction)
Use Case 3: Device Orientationsrcset="landscape_variant.jpg" media="(min-width: 400px) and (orientation: landscape)"
srcset="portrait_variant.jpg" media="(min-width: 400px) and (orientation: portrait)"
http://responsiveimag.es/Practical_Example_3.html
Picture element: Image Format : webp/svg<picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="Apples_600.webp" > <source type="image/vnd.ms-photo" srcset="Apples_600.jxr" /> <img src="/Apples_600.jpg" alt="text" /> </picture>
http://respimg.es/eg/pri6
(As of : April 2015)
Can I Use
http://caniuse.com/#search=srcset http://caniuse.com/#search=picture
A responsive image polyfill.
For today, and future-legacy-browsers
picturefill
http://scottjehl.github.io/picturefill/
Developed and maintained by Filament Group
<script> document.createElement( "picture" ); </script> <script src="picturefill.js" async></script>
(scaling / CDN)
Where do we get all those image variants?
Batch Statics
v
Server-side image manipulation
Build Your Own
v
SaaS
image.jpg?w=400&qlt=70&unsharp=0,1,1,7
At-request-time image variants:
Control width, quality, sharpening….
Dynamic Imaging Systems
additional benefits include “apparent image requests”
for SEO context:
Dynamic Imaging Systems
/B473P_AB123_89_4UVWL/apple-ipad-mini-3-64gb-wi-fi-gold.jpg
Avoiding Forking our Content
Viewport width
50%
Within the fluid context of responsive websites, the restrictive nature of the <img> element, and lack of CSS controls for foreground images, has not been the elephant in the room. It's just been the elephant that we couldn't agree what to do with….
Combining the two
<img src="http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple2.jpg?w=400&qlt=80" alt="How do you like them Apples?" sizes="(min-width: 640px) 50vw, 100vw" srcset="http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple_Row2.jpg?w=200&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7 200w, http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple_Row2.jpg?w=400&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7 400w, http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple_Row2.jpg?w=600&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7 600w, http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple_Row2.jpg?w=800&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7 800w, http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple_Row2.jpg?w=1200&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7 1200w" />
</div>
Combining the two
<picture> <!--[if IE 9]><video style="display: none;"><![endif]--> <source srcset="http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple_Row2.jpg? w=1400&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7" media="(min-width: 1200px)"> <source srcset=“http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple_Row2.jpg? w=1200&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7" media="(min-width: 1050px)"> <source srcset=“http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple_Row2.jpg? pcrop=700,0,2500,800&w=950&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7" media="(min-width: 850px)"> <source srcset=“http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple_Row2.jpg? pcrop=1300,0,1900,800&w=850&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7" media="(min-width: 600px)"> <source srcset=“http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Red_And_Green_Apples2.jpg? w=600&qlt=80&unsharp=0,1,1,7"> <!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]--> <img srcset="http://images.amplience.com/i/benco/Apple2.jpg?w=600&qlt=80" alt="How do you like them Apples?"> </picture>
<picture>
srcset/
Dynamic Imaging System
Practical Responsive
Images=+
https://www.codeclub.org.uk/
http://www.stemnet.org.uk/
https://www.codeclub.org.uk/
