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From Silo To (Semantic) Web. What Happens To The Library Systems? A presentation on the history and future direction of data standards for libraries.
Citation preview
FROM SILO TO (SEMANTIC) WEB.WHAT HAPPENS TO THE LIBRARY SYSTEMS?
ROB STYLES, DATA ENGINEERING
Kunnskapsorganisasjonsdagene 2012, Oslo, Norway
A brief history of the Web.
The Web is not The Internet.
1990 — Tim Berners-Lee starts WorldWideWeb
1990 — Tim Berners-Lee starts WorldWideWeb
2000 — Jimmy Wales starts Wikipedia
1980 — Tim Berners-Lee wrote Enquire-Within-Upon-Everything
1990 — Tim Berners-Lee starts WorldWideWeb
2000 — Jimmy Wales starts Wikipedia
1980 — Tim Berners-Lee wrote Enquire-Within-Upon-Everything
1990 — Tim Berners-Lee starts WorldWideWeb
2000 — Jimmy Wales starts Wikipedia
2007 — Tim Berners-Lee starts Linking Open Data
1980 — Tim Berners-Lee wrote Enquire-Within-Upon-Everything
1990 — Tim Berners-Lee starts WorldWideWeb
2000 — Jimmy Wales starts Wikipedia
2007 — Tim Berners-Lee starts Linking Open Data
1999 — Tim Berners-Lee publishes Weaving the Web
What are people looking for?
WHAT ARE PEOPLE LOOKING FOR?
1. don cornelius
2. soul train
3. susan g komen
4. dorial green beckham
5. national signing day 2012
6. groundhog day
7. facebook ipo
8. black history month
9. landon collins
10. kristen bell
http://www.google.com/trends/hottrends?sa=X&date=2012-02-01
Format.
PageRank.
Search Engine Results.
Ambiguity.(the Paris Hilton problem)
Wikipedia.
BCHCThe World’s Hairdressers Connected
MARC will die.(let’s help libraries to live on...)
00673nam a2200217 a 45040010033000000030009000330050017000420080041000590150019001000200017001190350017001360400031001530820016001841000019002002450062002192600033002813000020003146500060003346500031003946550030004259cbbe7fc3a7346d99c281979d45b679cUK-BiTAL20050705133033.0990831s1999 enk j 000 ||eng|d aGB99Y57412bnb a0747542155 : a()0747542155 aStDuBDScStDuBDSdUK-BiTAL04a823.9142211 aRowling, J. K.00aHarry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban /cJ.K. Rowling. aLondon :bBloomsbury,c1999. a317p. ;c21 cm. 0aPotter, Harry (Fictitious character)vJuvenile fiction. 0aWizardsvJuvenile fiction. 7aChildren's stories.2lcsh
A MARC RECORD
A LITTLE CLEARER
=LDR 00673nam a2200217 a 4504=001 9cbbe7fc3a7346d99c281979d45b679c=003 UK-BiTAL=005 20050705133033.0=008 990831s1999\\\\enk j\\\\\\000\||eng|d=015 \\$aGB99Y5741$2bnb=020 \\$a0747542155 :=035 \\$a()0747542155=040 \\$aStDuBDS$cStDuBDS$dUK-BiTAL=082 04$a823.914$221=100 1\$aRowling, J. K.=245 00$aHarry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban /$cJ.K. Rowling.=260 \\$aLondon :$bBloomsbury,$c1999.=300 \\$a317p. ;$c21 cm.=650 \0$aPotter, Harry (Fictitious character)$vJuvenile fiction.=650 \0$aWizards$vJuvenile fiction.=655 \7$aChildren's stories.$2lcsh
A LITTLE CLEARER
=LDR 00673nam a2200217 a 4504=001 9cbbe7fc3a7346d99c281979d45b679c=003 UK-BiTAL=005 20050705133033.0=008 990831s1999\\\\enk j\\\\\\000\||eng|d=015 \\$aGB99Y5741$2bnb=020 \\$a0747542155 :=035 \\$a()0747542155=040 \\$aStDuBDS$cStDuBDS$dUK-BiTAL=082 04$a823.914$221=100 1\$aRowling, J. K.=245 00$aHarry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban /$cJ.K. Rowling.=260 \\$aLondon :$bBloomsbury,$c1999.=300 \\$a317p. ;$c21 cm.=650 \0$aPotter, Harry (Fictitious character)$vJuvenile fiction.=650 \0$aWizards$vJuvenile fiction.=655 \7$aChildren's stories.$2lcsh
Rowling, J. K.Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)Wizards Juvenile fictionChildren's stories
Rowling, J. K.Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)Wizards Juvenile fictionChildren's stories
Rowling, J. K.Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)Wizards Juvenile fictionChildren's stories
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
245$a
100$a
655$a
650$v
650$a
650$a
020$a
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
title
author
genre
genre
subject
subject
isbn
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
title
author
genre
genre
subject
subject
isbn
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
title
author
genre
genre
subject
subject
isbn
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
something else
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
something
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenixsomething else
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
somethingJuvenile fiction
Rowling, J. K.
Wizards
Children's stories
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
0747551006
something else
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
somethingJuvenile fiction
Rowling, J. K.
Wizards
Children's stories
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
0747551006
something else
Rowling, J. K.
ceci n’est pas J K Rowling
Charles Ammi Cutter (1837 – 1903)
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
somethingJuvenile fiction
Rowling, J. K.
Wizards
Children's stories
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
0747551006
something else
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
somethingJuvenile fiction
Rowling, J. K.
Wizards
Children's stories
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
0747551006
something else
Rowling, J. K.
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
0747542155
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Wizards
Juvenile fiction
Children's stories
somethingJuvenile fiction
Wizards
Children's stories
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
0747551006
something else
Rowling, J. K.
something
something else
Rowling, J. K.
something
something else
the author knownas J. K. Rowling
Rowling, J. K.
something something else
the author knownas J. K. Rowling
Rowling, J. K.
something something else
the author knownas J. K. Rowling
Rowling, J. K.
something something else
the author knownas J. K. Rowling
author author
name
Rowling, J. K.
something something else
the author knownas J. K. Rowling
author author
name
Rowling, J. K.
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
Rowling, J. K.
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
Rowling, J. K.
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
Rowling, J. K.
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
Harry ... Phoenix
the words"Harry ... Phoenix"used as a title
Rowling, J. K.
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
Harry ... Azkaban
the words"Harry ... Azkaban"used as a title
wizards
the conceptof magicalwizards
Harry ... Phoenix
the words"Harry ... Phoenix"used as a title
Rowling, J. K.
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
Harry ... Azkaban
the words"Harry ... Azkaban"used as a title
wizards
the conceptof magicalwizards
the words"Harry ... Phoenix"used as a title
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
the words"Harry ... Azkaban"used as a title
the conceptof magicalwizards
the words"Harry ... Phoenix"used as a title
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
the words"Harry ... Azkaban"used as a title
the conceptof magicalwizards
book
the words"Harry ... Phoenix"used as a title
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
the words"Harry ... Azkaban"used as a title
the conceptof magicalwizards
book
the words"Harry ... Phoenix"used as a title
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
the words"Harry ... Azkaban"used as a title
the conceptof magicalwizards
the words"Harry ... Phoenix"used as a title
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
the words"Harry ... Azkaban"used as a title
the conceptof magicalwizards
the words"Harry ... Phoenix"used as a title
something something elsethe author knownas J. K. Rowling
the fictitiouswizard known asHarry Potter
the words"Harry ... Azkaban"used as a title
the conceptof magicalwizards
thing 3 thing 4movie
Johann Sebastian Bach
Partita No.1 in B minor
Person
WorkImagined
a
a
Original Arrangement
Expressiona
expressed in
wrote
Some Sheet Music
Manifestation
a
manifest in
pieces of paper on a
shelf
Item
a
in
Jeffry Hamilton Steele
a
wrote
Arrangement for
Classical Guitar
expressed in
would
never
have
approved
of
F. Tárrega
a
some other
arrangement
wrote
is based on
a
Classical Guitar
Arrangements of Bach
manifest in
a
A book on a shelf
in
a
expressed in
a
a live performance on a
date in a place
John Holloway
a
manifest in
a
Bach: The Sonatas and
Partitas for Violin Solo /
Holloway
a
manifest in
recorded at
performed
http://events.linkeddata.org/ldow2008/
STUFF TO LOOK AT...• Dublin Core
http://dublincore.org/
• The Bibliographic Ontology publishedhttp://bibliontology.com/
• LIBRIS, the Swedish union catalogue as Linked Datahttp://blog.libris.kb.se/semweb/?p=7
• Library of Congress launched subject headingshttp://id.loc.gov
• OCLC make VIAF Linked Datahttp://www.oclc.org/nextspace/013/research.htm
• RDA Vocabulary published as RDFhttp://metadataregistry.org/
• Open Library developing Linked Data viewshttp://openlibrary.org
• Library of Congress launch Chronicling Americahttp://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/
• German National Libraryhttps://wiki.d-nb.de/
• Hungarian National Libraryhttp://nektar.oszk.hu/
• MARC21 codes published as Linked Datahttp://purl.org/NET/marccodes/
• Dewey published as Linked Datahttp://dewey.info/
• eXtensible Catalog uses RDF internallyhttp://www.extensiblecatalog.org/
• Talis running a Linked Data OPAChttp://www.talis.com/prism
Data is just people saying stuff.
Semantics is meaning.
Syntax is the rules.
The Web of Documents;a Syntactic Web.
The Web of Data;a Semantic Web.
Use web addressesas names for real things.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/species/Lion#species
When someone requests that URL, give back useful
information.
Provide links to other things, both in your own site and
elsewhere.
Linked Data is not* about publishing data on the web, it’s about making the things your
website says machine-readable.
* just
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
MallardSpecies
a
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
MallardSpecies
a
Anas Platyrhynchos
scientific name
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
MallardSpecies
a
Anas Platyrhynchos
scientific name
Wild duck
common name
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
MallardSpecies
a
Anas Platyrhynchos
scientific name
Wild duck
common name
Lake Habitat
a
lives in
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
MallardSpecies
a
Anas Platyrhynchos
scientific name
Wild Nature
VideoClipa
Wild duck
common name
Lake Habitat
a
lives in
• “Mallard” is a Species.
• “Mallard” has a scientific name of “Anas Platyrhynchos”.
• “Mallard” has a common name of “Wild duck”.
• “Mallard” lives in the “Lake” habitat (amongst others).
• “Wild Nature” is a video clip.
• “Wild Nature” is about the species “Mallard”.
MallardSpecies
a
Anas Platyrhynchos
scientific name
Wild Nature
VideoClipa
aboutWild duck
common name
Lake Habitat
a
lives in
Think in terms of webs of things, not hierarchies or site maps
and definitely notrecords!
still more... An internet of things
What’s stopping you?
Publish your data now,don’t wait to be asked for it(in whatever form you can, MARC21, NORMARC, anything)
Publish your data now,don’t wait to be asked for it(in whatever form you can, MARC21, NORMARC, anything)
Clearly license your dataso that others can use it(Creative Commons CC0 is good, or Open Data Commons PDDL)
Publish your data now,don’t wait to be asked for it(in whatever form you can, MARC21, NORMARC, anything)
Clearly license your dataso that others can use it(Creative Commons CC0 is good, or Open Data Commons PDDL)
Encourage anyone and everyoneto do interesting things with your data(even those things are things that make you uncomfortable)
IMAGE CREDITS
Oslo.Summer.Youth.Love by Anatoly Kraynikov, CC-BY-NC-ND
Library Donations Box by Stephen Kellat, CC-BY-NC-SA
Library Automation History by Marshall Breeding, Copyright 2011
Tools by Ole Husby, CC-BY-SA
Haworth 1960s Weekend 2011 by John Sargent, CC-BY-NC-SA
Stone Mason by Leo Reynolds, CC-BY-NC-SA
OSL 031 Vippetangen (Silos) by Marius Watz, CC-BY-NC-SA
BBC Wildlife Finder, Copyright 2012 BBC, reproduced with permission
JK Rowling by Steven Hill, CC-BY
Charles Ammi Cutter, Photograph circa 1880, Photographer unknown.
Library of Alexandria by Ronald Woan, CC-BY-NC
Card Catalog, Copyright © Karen Coyle, reproduced with permission
Treasure map by Joe Nicora, CC-BY-NC-ND
Chorus Line by Patrick, CC-BY-NC
This work is Copyright © 2010 Talis Systems Limited.It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.Full details at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Attribution. You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work).
• For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work.• Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder.• Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author's moral rights.• Some Content in the work may be licensed under different terms, this is noted separately.