FISHERIES REGULATORY AND DEVELOPMENTAL SETUP IN CENTRE AND STATES AND THEIR SPHERES OF RESPONSIBILITY; NEED FOR

FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; REGULATORY, LEGAL AND ENFORCEMENT REGIMES

Presented by- Jyoti SarojDepartment.- Fisheries Resource ManagementCollege of Fisheries, Veraval, Gujarat

INTRODUCTION

• Fisheries has now emerged as a sunrise sector of our economy.

•Most importantly, fishery is a source of livelihood for a large section of the economically backward population.

• Fish production in the country has increased from 3.84 million tonnes in 1990 to 9.06 million tonnes in 2012.

FISHERIES REGULATON IN INDIA

MAHARASHTRA- Artisanal 5-10 fathom Mech.> 6 Cylinder engine beyond 22 km

GOA- Artisanal 5 km Mech. Beyond 5 km

GUJARAT- Artisanal 9 km Mech. Beyond 9 km

KARNATAKA- Artisanal 6 km or 4 fathom Mech. Boats beyond 6 km Deep sea vessels beyond 20 km

KERALA- Artisanal 10 km Mech. < 25 GRT beyond 10 km > 25 GRT beyond 23 km

TAMIL NADU- Artisanal 5 km Mech. Beyond 5 km

ANDHRA PRADESH- Artisanal 8 km Mech. beyond 8 km

ODISHA- Artisanal 5 km Mech. 25 GRT beyond 10 km

WEST BENGAL- Artisanal 18 km Mech. More than 30 HP beyond 18 km

ANDAMAN NICOBAR ISLAND- Vessels < 30 HP upto 10 km Vessels > 30 HP beyond 10 km

LAKSHADWEEP- Seine and trawl net > 20 mm mesh size Drift gill net > 50 mm mesh size

REGULATION OF FISHING AREAS IN INDIAN TERRITORIAL WATERS

SOME IMPORTANT LEGISLATION:Existing ACT/RULES Salient featuresEnvironmental Protection Act 1986 An umbrella act

Coastal Regulation Zone Notification 1991

Regularizes the various activities in coastal zone

Hazardous Waste Management Act 1989 Provides guidelines for hazardous waste management.

Water Act, 1974 Control the pollution of water

Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 Control of pollution from ships and off shore platforms

Maritime Zones Act, 1976 Describes various zones such as territorial waters, EEZ, continental shelf

Wild life protection Act, 1972 Protection to marine biota like whale shark, sea cucumber, corals and fishes.

Indian Fisheries Act, 1897 Protection to explosives or dynamites

Marine Fishing Regulation Act, 1978 Guide line to the maritime states – protection to marine fisheries by regulating fishing in the territorial waters. Including mesh size, gear, closed season

Biodiversity Act, 2002 Protect and conserve biodiversity and sustainable use of its components

Cont..

DEVELOPMENTAL SET UP AT CENTRAL LEVEL

• At the Centre level, the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, is the main agency responsible for overall development of fish industry in India.

• Fisheries Institutes under the control of the Department, namely:-

Central Institute of Coastal Engineering For Fishery, Bangalore 

Central Institute of Fisheries Nautical and Engineering Training, Cochin

Fisheries Survey of India, Mumbai

Coastal Aquaculture Authority, Chennai

 Cont..

National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB) has been set

up some objectives-

• Bring activities relating to fisheries and aquaculture for focused attention and

professional management.

• Achieve sustainable management and conservation of natural aquatic resources

including the fish stocks.

• Apply modern tools of research and development including biotechnology for

optimizing production and productivity from fisheries.

Institutions:• Several agencies and Ministries at the Central level-

• Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture

• National Fisheries Development Board, Ministry of Agriculture 

• Coast Guard, Ministry of Defense

• Ministry of Environment and Forests 

• Earth Commission, Ministry of Earth Sciences

• Planning commission of India

STATE LEVEL FISHERIES MANAGEMENT• Licensing, • Prohibitions on certain fishing gear,• Regulations on mesh size and • Establishment of closed seasons and areas, under the Marine Fishing

Regulation Act (MFRA). 

• Zones are demarcated by each State based on distance from the shoreline (from 5 km to 10 km) or on depth.

• ‘Monsoon fishing ban’

MONSOON FISHING BAN

Various state governments have issued regulation under the Indian fisheries act 1897

1) The Indian fisheries act no. IV of 1897 Government of India.2) Cochin fisheries act 1917.3) The maritime zones of Indian act 1981.4) The Kerala marine fishing regulation act and rules 1980.5) The Gujarat fisheries act 2003.6) The Karnataka marine fishing regulation act 1986.7) Lakshadweep marine fishing regulation rule 2004.8) Andaman and Nicobar marine fishing regulation act 2003.9) The Tamil Nadu marine fishing regulation rules 1983.10)The Maharashtra fisheries act 1962.

Need For Fisheries Management, Regulatory, legal And Enforcement Regimes

FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN THE EEZ:

• Comprehensive Marine Fishing Policy, 2004• Guidelines for fishing operations in Indian EEZ• Letter of intent for operation of fishing vessels• NFF (National federation of fisheries)comment on the Draft Marine

fishing regulation and management bill, 2009.

Cont..The policy calls for adopting fisheries management regimes such as – • Registration of fishing vessels, • Observation of closed fishing seasons, • Proscription of destructive fishing methods, • Implementation of mesh size regulations, • Reduction of bycatch and discards and establishing an effective

monitoring,control and surveillance mechanism..

MARINE FISHERIES RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

• Marine Fishing Regulation Acts (MFRA’s) of coastal states and UT’s have adequate provisions for management of resources and fishing operations.

• There will be closed season on both the coasts, the duration of which would be decided by a designated authority.

• There would be strict ban on all types of destructive methods of fishing.

• Catching of juveniles and non- targeted species and discarding less preferred species once they are caught would be strictly prohibited through legislation.

REFERENCES

• Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries Department - fisheries policy note by Thiru.K.A. JAYAPAL. Minister of fisheries.• Review of Marine and Coastal Policies in India by Dr. Sangeeta Sonak,

Prajawala Pangam, and Asha Giriyan.• A Critical Review of the Common Fishery Policy by Carsten Lynge Jensen.• Website• www.business.gov.in• www.icsf.net• www.seaarounds.org/ eez

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