Created and Presented By: Anis Mizi

Student of CSE (Stamford University Bangladesh)49th Batch

Email:fulsuccess9@gamil.comFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/mizianis

IP ADDRESSING

• Protocol

• TCP/IP, NetBIOS(Microsoft),IPX/SPX(Novell)

• TCP/IP-http, ftp, smtp, DNS

• What is IP addressing

• Unique name for each device

• LAN example

• Logical Address

• Network Layer Address (Layer 3)

IP versions

• Two Versions of IP:

IP version 4 (32 bit address)

IP version 6(128 bit address)

IP version 4 Format• IP version 4

Bit is represented by 0 or 1 (binary)

IP address in binary form(32 bits)

01010101.00000101.10111111.00000001

32 bits are divided into 4 octets:

IP address in decimal form:

85.5.191.1

Decimal form for easy format and readable

Computer understands only binary

Still in use

IP version 6 Format

• Total 128 bit address

• 16 bit in each block

• 8 octets/ portion in total

• 16 bit block is converted to 4 digit hexadecimal number

• Each portion is separated by colons

• FD00:0DB8:7654:3210:2C4C:BA17:7124:0032

• For future use

IP version 4(continues)

• Minimum number in each portion is 0(00000000 in binary)

• Maximum number in each portion is 255(11111111 in binary)

• Range of IP address is 0 to 255

• More than 255 is not applicable

• Check by 100.256.1.0

• Total IP address range of IPV4 is 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255

IPV4 classes

IPV4 class ranges• IPV4 Classes

Class A – (0 to 127)

Class B – (128 to 191)

Class C – (192 to 223)

Class D – (224 to 239)

Class E – (240 to 255)

• Class A,B,C – LAN/WAN

• Class D – Multicasting

• Class E – Reserved for future research and development

Identifying IP Class

• See only first portion of any IP

• Example:

192.168.10.10 – C Class

150.12.10.10 – B Class

100.10.10.10 – A Class

• Don’t need to see remaining three portions while identifying IP Class

Types of Data Communication

• Generally, 3 types of communication in network

Unicast – One to One

Broadcast – One to all

Multicast – One to Group

Unicast Communication

• One to one communication in a network

• Example (network types.PNG)

• Most communication is default one-to-one communication

Broadcast Communication

• One to all communication in a network

• Example (network types.PNG)

• 200 devices connected in a LAN

• Universal broadcast address is 255.255.255.255

Multicast Communication

• One to a group communication in a network

• Example (network types.PNG)

• Suppose 100 devices are connected in a LAN

• Total 10 groups(each contains 10 devices)

• Example: Video conference, Online live streaming, Opening match etc.

• D class IP identifies multicast traffic/group

• Multicast is not included into CCNA course

• We can not use it in LAN or WAN(check by putting 224 in first portion of IP)

IP Address(Network & Host Parts)

• Each IP has 4 portions

• Each portion represents 8 bits

• These 4 portions are divided into two parts:

Network part

Host part

• Network and Host parts

Class A – N.H.H.H (1N and 3H)

Class B – N.N.H.H (2N and 2H)

Class C – N.N.N.H (3N and 1H)

Understanding Network and Host parts

• Example (Floor example.PNG)

• Floor as network and rooms as hosts

• Rooms on same floor as Same network

• Rooms on different floors as different network

• Host – Single device

• Network – Set of devices

• Example (IP address(Lan).PNG)

• Each computer is a host

• Host device can be computer, router, firewall etc

Network

• Question: 192.168.10.10 192.168.5.10Suppose these two computers are on Same LAN. Will they be able to communicate?

• Example (IP address(Lan).PNG)• Physically they are on same Network(as on same LAN)

but logically they are on different network(by IP addresses)

• To be in same network for devices, the network portion of those host devices must be same.

• By default different network can not communicate without a router

Examples

• Will they communicate or not?• Example 1: 210.10.10.10 210.10.15.10

• Example 2: 150.12.10.10 150.12.15.15

• Example 3: 100.10.10.10 100.15.15.15

Network design Task: design a network of 200 computers for a company

Requirements:

• All the computers should be in Same network

• Each host device will have unique IP address

Design:

• We can use any class (A,B,C) IP addresses to design this network

• Let’s say we want to use C class IP

• We connected 200 devices physically using switches. So they are on same network physically

• Make sure they are logically in Same network

Network design (continues)Solution:

• Suppose our network is 192.168.10.0

• So IP address for hosts will be like this 192.168.10.1

192.168.10.2

192.168.10.3

: . : . : .4

: . : . : . :

192.168.10.255

• So we get total 256 hosts (192.168.10.(0-255)) in one network of C class IP

• Let’s design the network in Cisco Packet Tracer.

Network design (continues)Problem: If the manager of the company says we may need 200 more computers in that same network.Solution:• C class supports total 254 hosts in one network. So

we have to use B class• Suppose our Network is 172.16.0.0 • So IP addresses for hosts will be like this 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.2 : . : .: .3 : . : .: . : 172.16.0.255

Network design (continues)• Again 172.16.1.1

172.16.1.2

: . : .: .3

: . : .: . :

172.16.1.255

• Similarly We can go up to 172.16.255.255

• 256*256 = 65536(Actually it is 65534)

• So we get total 65534 hosts (172.16.(0-255).(0-255)) in one network of B class IP

• Accordingly we get total 16777214 hosts (10.(0-255).(0-255).(0-255)) in one network of A class IP

Contents of Next tutorial

• Size of Network

• Network Address and Broadcast Address

• Subnet Mask

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