SPHERE PROJECTMinimum Standards in WASH

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By: Rafi ULLAH

WHAT IS SPHERE…. . .? Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in

Humanitarian Response Initiated by a Group of NGOs & ICRC/RC in 1997Editions First trial edition 1998 First final edition 2000 Second edition 2004 Third edition 2011 (Present Edition )Aim of the Project

“The aim of the Handbook is to improve thequality of humanitarian response in situations

of disaster and conflict, and to enhance theaccountability of the humanitarian system to

disaster-affected people”2

WHAT IS SPHERE…. . .?CORE BELIEFS

First, that those affected by disaster or conflicthave a right to life with dignity and, therefore, a

right to assistance; and

Second, that all possible steps should be taken toalleviate human suffering arising out of disasteror conflict.

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LIST OF MINIMUM STANDARDS Minimum Standards in Water Supply, Sanitation

and Hygiene Promotion

Minimum Standards in Food Security andNutrition

Minimum Standards in Shelter, Settlement andnon-Food Items

Minimum Standards in Health Action4

MINIMUM STANDARDS IN WATER SUPPLY,SANITATION AND HYGIENE PROMOTION

This chapter is divided into SEVEN main sections;1. Water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion

(WASH)2. Hygiene Promotion3. Water Supply4. Excreta Disposal5. Vector Control6. Solid Waste Management (SWM)7. Drainage

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SECTION COMPONENTS

Each section contains the following:

Minimum standards: These are qualitative in nature andspecify the minimum levels to be attained in humanitarianresponse regarding the provision of water, sanitation andhygiene promotion

Key actions: These are suggested activities and inputs tohelp meet the standards

Key indicators: These are ‘signals’ that show whether astandard has been attained. They provide a way of measuringand communicating the processes and results of key actions;they relate to the minimum standard, not to the key action

Guidance notes: These include specific points to considerwhen applying the minimum standards, key actions and keyindicators in different situations They provide guidance ontackling practical difficulties, benchmarks or advice onpriority issues. They may also include critical issues relatingto the standards, actions or indicators, and describe dilemmas,controversies or gaps in current knowledge. 6

SECTION: HYGIENE PROMOTION

Standard 1: Hygiene promotion implementationGuideline: Two hygiene promoters / community

mobilisers per 1,000 members of the affectedpopulation (Camp Scenario)

Standard 2: Identification and use of hygieneitems

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SECTION: WATER SUPPLY

Standard 1: Access and Water Quantity

Cont….8

SECTION: WATER SUPPLY

Standard 1: Access and Water Quantity

Cont….9

SECTION: WATER SUPPLY CONT…

Standard 2: Water Quality Implement all necessary steps to minimize post-

deliver y water contamination (Hygienepromotion)

For piped water supplies, or all water supplies attimes of risk of diarrheal epidemics, usedisinfectant so that there is a chlorine residual of0.5mg/l and turbidity is below 5 NTU

Where household-level water treatment isproposed, ensure that it is accompanied byappropriate promotion, training and monitoring

There are no faecal coliforms per 100ml of waterat the point of deliver y and use (INDICATOR) 10

SECTION: WATER SUPPLY CONT…

Standard 3: Water facilities

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SECTION 4: EXCRETA DISPOSAL

Standard 1: Environment free from human faeces

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SECTION 4: EXCRETA DISPOSAL

Standard 2: Appropriate and adequate toilet facilities

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SECTION 5. VECTOR CONTROL Standard 1: Individual and family protection

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Standard 2: Physical, Environmental and ChemicalProtection Measures

Standard 3: Chemical Control Safety

SECTION 6: SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Standard 1: Collection and Disposal

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SECTION 7: DRAINAGE

Standard 1: Drainage Work

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