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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN MEDICINE
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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN
MEDICINE Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Knowledge Management
Knowledge management
(KM) is the process of
capturing, developing,
sharing, and effectively
using organisational
knowledge It refers to a
multi-disciplined approach
to achieving organisational
objectives by making the
best use of knowledge
3
What is Knowledge
Management?Discipline within an organization that ensures that
the intellectual capabilities of that organization are
shared, maintained and institutionalized
The process of systematically and actively managing
and leveraging the stores of knowledge in an
organization
The way a company stores, organizes and accesses
internal and external information.
Refers to an entire integrated system for
accumulation, integration, manipulation, and access of
data across multiple organizations
Not to be Confused
Not to be
confused
with
Information
management.
Knowledge Management
Integrates organisational
expectations
Knowledge management
efforts typically focus on
organisational objectives
such as improved
performance, competitive
advantage, innovation, the
sharing of lessons learned,
integration and continuous
improvement of the
organisation.
New Expectations for
Organizational Development
A knowledge community is
community construct,
stemming from the
convergence of knowledge
management as a field of study
and social exchange theory.
Formerly known as a discourse
community and having evolved
from forums and web forums,
knowledge communities are
now often referred to as a
community of practice or
virtual community of practice
Knowledge Management is a
New Discipline
"Knowledge management is
a discipline that promotes
an integrated approach to
identifying, capturing,
evaluating, retrieving, and
sharing all of an enterprise's
information assets. These
assets may include
databases, documents,
policies, procedures, and
previously un-captured
expertise and experience in
individual workers."
Role Health Care Professionals
Healthcare professionals are always in situations where they have to think fast and process an array of diagnostic test results, medications and past treatment responses in order to make decisions.
Knowledge Management (KM) holds the key to proper patient care in these often complicated situations.
Introduction (cont.)Knowledge management systems in Healthcare will streamline information for the best, most efficient patient care.
Many Healthcare facilities have yet to fully utilize all the benefits of KM systems.
It could make a the difference when, for instance, your chance of survival for open heart surgery can go from 2% to 16% with the proper knowledge and procedures.
We Medical Professionals
Need Knowledge Mobilization
The term Knowledge Mobilization (KMb) refers to moving available knowledge (often from formal research) into active use. More than just "bridging the gap", KMb seeks to make connections between research/expertise and policy/practice in order to improve outcomes in various organizations or sectors. .
Knowledge
MobilizationKnowledge Mobilization involves knowledge sharing between research producers (e.g. university researchers) and research users (including professionals or others whose work can benefit from research findings), often with the help of third parties or intermediaries.
Developing world Catching
with Evidence Based Medicine
Evidence-based medicine is defined as the integration of research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences and values in clinical decision-making (Sackett et al., 1996).
This model of medical practice has influenced decisions and actions throughout the health care industry for about a couple of decades, particularly in the advanced countries. However, little is known as to how patients with their tacit knowledge have en suite into the evidence-based practice equation especially in the developing world.
Many Medical Organization
Catching the Concept
The most obvious point
is the making of the
organization's data and
information available to
the members of the
organization through
portals and with the use
of content management
systems.
Health Information Exchange
Collects, identifies and aggregates patient
information from all source systems
Enable sharing of documents and images among
healthcare enterprises, regardless of source,
location or format in support of improved patient
care.
Serve as a data repository and searchable registry
of clinical documents
Record audit events generated by all exchange
interactions14
Knowledge Management Means
Getting Right Knowledge
Knowledge management is essentially about
getting the right knowledge to the right
person at the right time. This in itself may not
seem so complex, but it implies a strong tie to
corporate or Professional strategy,
understanding of where and in what forms
knowledge exists, creating processes that
span organizational functions, and ensuring
that initiatives are accepted and supported by
organizational members.
Technology Plays
Greater Role
The systems,
tools, and
technologies that
fit the
organization's
requirements -
properly designed
and implemented.
19
Role of IT in
Implementation“The biggest
contributor to this
brilliant growth of
the knowledge
management
system is
information
technology.”
Every Body wishes the Medical
Treatments are Cost effective
The increasing pressure to
ensure efficiency and cost-
effectiveness, balance the
quality of care, and contain
costs will drive them towards
more effective management of
medical knowledge derived
from biomedical research.
Knowledge management
technology may provide
effective methods and tools in
speeding up the diffusion of
innovative medical procedures.
Organizational Knowledge
too Important
The goal of knowledge management is not only increasing the performance of individuals within the organization but of the organization as a 'whole'. It implies an organizational view of the problem where individuals cooperate, as much as possible carrying on evidence-based care processes, each behaving according to the role the organization assigned her/him
24
Strategy for Implementing KM
Macro-Environment
Organizational Climate
Technical Climate
Technical, Informational,
Personal
Macro-environment
External Factors
Globalization
Technology
E-companies
24
The Knowledge Conversion
Process in the Healthcare Domain
The knowledge conversion process, contextualized for a health care organization , is based on some assumptions. First of all three main knowledge types are involved: Medical knowledge: it manages all medical aspects related to health care activities;
Organizational knowledge: it manages organizational aspects related to health care activities;
Formalization knowledge: it manages knowledge representation formalisms, among which computer-based tools (it can be considered a part of the technical domain above defined)
Important Models for
Integration There are three main kinds of formal models:
Medical, that means based on medical knowledge, e.g. formalized CPGs and protocols;
Organizational, based on organizational knowledge, e.g. nurses’/physicians’ shifts scheduling and
administrative procedures;
Common, based on common knowledge, e.g. organizational charts (charts defining roles and
hierarchies within hospital personnel).
Why we Need change to
Management of Knowledge
Medicine is fast becoming a science of information. Information about patient history, symptoms, functions and lifestyle; information about diseases, diagnostics, drugs, and treatment methods play an ever-increasing role. But there can be too much of a good thing. The dilemma faced by doctors, patients and medical administrators is to find and utilize the relevant information at the right time. Computers, of course, help manage information, but the current generation of computer inter
Computers Can Manage
Matters
Computers, of course, help manage information, but the current generation of computer inter-faces can't keep growing at the same rate medical information is growing.
Why We all Need New Knowledge
Management Systems
The recent growth in the scientific understanding of diseases and their management has been unprecedented, but has not been matched by an equivalent ability to apply that knowledge in practice.
30
Maintaining KM Systems
Provide Adequate Access
Intranets
Classes
30
Our Educational System
Needs Integration
Could we combine two styles of knowledge into an integral whole
31
Today Knowledge
Management A Great TaskIt is now humanly impossible for unaided healthcare professionals to deliver patient care with the efficacy, consistency and safety that the full range of current knowledge could support.
Much of the Knowledge Available
Through Open sources
Many Open source
organisations have
been created to
promote awareness
and use of decision
support, clinical
workflow and other
advanced knowledge
management
technologies for patient
care and clinical
research.
Why India Needs Knowledge
Management systems
Knowledge gives global health
professionals the power to
improve health systems and
save lives. In low- and middle-
income countries, global
health professionals
encounter many barriers to
accessing information and
exchanging knowledge—
ranging from time constraints
and connectivity issues to
lacking reliable or trusted
sources of information.
Future of Health
Knowledge Management
Knowledge Management in
Healthcare has obvious
benefits that could really
make the difference in
people's lives.
There are still many
healthcare facilities that still
need to fully utilize these
systems.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 35
Health Knowledge
Managements Progressing
We are drawing a predictive conclusion that over the next decade there will be significant improvements in physician care based on medical knowledge management.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 36
Never forget Every Body has to manage life
and Knowledge or
WE ARE LOST
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 37
Knowledge Management systems have entered every profession Medical
profession too Catching up Faster I wish we will catch up the systems for better Management of our Health Care system
Dr.T.V.Rao MD