Healthy and safe living Understanding health and good living

GRADE 10 (LIFE ORIENTATION)

Content of this lesson That is health?

Mental and emotional health.

Preventing diseases of lifestyle.

Common lifestyle diseases: Hypertension, Heart disease, Cancer.

Common chronic conditions: Asthma, Diabetes.

Health in our environment.

Basic health rights.

WHAT IS HEALTH?

Good health is a state of physical, mental and emotional well being. It is not just the absence of disease in the body, but also about being able to live a full life.

As we all become m ore independent , each person need to take full responsibility for health of their bodies and mind and for decision making that are essential for your overall wellness.

PHYSICAL HEALTH Physical health means that your body functions efficiently. This means that your heart and

lungs pumps efficiently, you organs work without strain, your immune system is working well and you have supple muscles and strong bones.

There any factors that influence the health of our bodies some are within our control: while others ( such as genetic inheritance) we have to make the best of.

Even though you might be born with a sound and healthy body, neglecting and abusing your body over the years can sped up the decline of your vital organs, causing harm to your health.

MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH

Our minds and bodies are integrally linked, what affects one is m ore likely to affect the other. Medical research studies are establishing clear links between a positive and happy outlook on life and good physical health.

Having effective strategies to cope with life’s ups and downs, being in loving and supportive relationships and taking time to relax and playing, all contributes toward an optimistic outlook to good health.

There a lot of coping strategies that are a healthy way of dealing with situations that treated a persons health, most importantly some coping strategies bring the worst in people those are not good ans can course harm mentally such as (Denial)

Mental coping strategies. Breathing exercise

Relaxing and stretching exercise

Getting a lot of sleep

Healthy food

Think positively

Depression It is estimated that 30% of people experience depression as some point of their lives.

Depression ranges in intensity from feeling down to serious illness.

It is natural to feel sad and miserable at times, but an intensely low mood that affects body and mind and it persists over a long period of time, could be clinical depression.

This in an illness that is associated with an upset in the body’s chemistry and can be triggered by loneliness, stress and trauma.

It can also be triggered by the following: very low self esteem, consistent tiredness and lack of energy, disturbed sleeping patens, mood swings and suicidal thoughts.

Continuation on Depression A person with clinical depression cannot snap out of it: they neen professional help

and in some cases medication. If left untreated a person can often feel unworthy causing harm to themselves, it is important to give others a chance to help before things get too far.

For some people feeling down it is possible to change your outlook and re-energise yourself like:

Eat regularly: healthy foods

Do something new: make room for things that you enjoy.

Avoid alcohol cigarette or drugs; spend time with friends.

A lot of people that have overcame depression find that once they overcome feelings of guilt and sadness they become stronger and wiser.

Preventing diseases of lifestyle What is preventive health?

Preventive health care means that you are leading a lifestyle that avoids, where possible, things that are know to be harmful or contribute towards disease,

Although life style disease often occur in older people it is important to be aware of them because the effect of abusing our bodies build up over time.

Heart attacks, strokes are now seen in people in the prime of their lives, when they are most needed by their families and making important contributions in their community.

If you have some unhealthy habits try to work on improving them one at a time, set yourself realistic targets, but stay motivated and determined to improve.

What is lifestyle diseases Lifestyle diseases reduces our life span prematurely and are caused by the unhealthy way we live in

the modern society.

People who move to urban areas or in industrialised countries rapidly acquire there diseases, which tells us that they are preventable.

We are paying the prise for adopting a westernized life style.

The relationship between behaviour, risk factors and disease.

Life style diseases conti… Being aware, prevention is better that cure.

RISKY BEHAVIOUR• Smoking

• Unhealthy diet• No exercise• Stress

RISK FACTORS• Tobacco

addiction• Raised cholesterol• Obesity• Diabeteis• High blood

pressure

DISEASES• Lung

cancer• Stroke

• Narcolepsy• Heart

attacks• Diabetic complicatio

ns• Kidney

failure

• Liver disease

Common chronic diseases What is Asthma?

a respiratory condition marked by attacks of spasm in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing. It is usually connected to allergic reaction or other forms of hypersensitivity.

The cause

The inside walls of an asthmatic's airways are swollen or inflamed. This swelling or inflammation makes the airways extremely sensitive to irritations and increases your susceptibility to an allergic reaction.

As inflammation causes the airways to become narrower, less air can pass through them, both to and from the lungs. Symptoms of the narrowing include wheezing (a hissing sound while breathing), chest tightness, breathing problems, and coughing. Asthmatics usually experience these symptoms most frequently during the night and the early morning.

Health in our environment

Healthy environments Our health is to a large extent determined by the quality of our environment, both indoor as outdoor.

When analysing relations between environment and health, it is of vital importance to consider a broader definition of environment not only the quality of the air, water and ground, but also indoor air quality, food and the living and working environment need to be taken into account.

Environmental disruptions, such as dispersion of dangerous substances, acidification, over fertilization, photochemical air pollution, climate change, ground pollution and nuisance have impact on human health. Aspects of environmental quality and life style that are not voluntarily chosen (e.g. passive smoking, noise nuisance, stress) are also important. A basic principle of environmental policy is to limit the negative influence of these disruptions on human health to non-harmful levels.

However, the relation between environment and health is extremely complex. Although many health problems are tought to be associated with environmental pollution, it is difficult to assess the seriousness, extent and causes of environment-related diseases.

Health as means of hygiene

Hygiene is a set of practices performed for the preservation of health. While in modern medical sciences there is a set of standards of hygiene recommended for different situations, what is considered hygienic or not can vary between different cultures, genders and etesian groups.

Medical hygiene pertains to the hygiene practices related to the administration of medicine, and medical care, that prevents or minimizes disease and the spreading of disease.

Hygiene in home and everyday life settings plays an important part in preventing spread of infectious diseases. It includes procedures used in a variety of domestic situations such as hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, food and water hygiene, general home hygiene(hygiene of environmental sites and surfaces) care of domestic animals, and home healthcare (the care of those who are at greater risk of infection)

Hygiene in environments

Types of Asthma

Child-Onset Asthma-Asthma that begins during childhood is called child-onset asthma. This type of asthma happens because a child becomes sensitized to common allergens in the environment - most likely due to genetic reasons

Adult-Onset Asthma-if you cough, wheeze or feel out of breath during or after exercise, you could be suffering from exercise-induced asthma.

Exercise-Induced Asthma-Cough-induced asthma is one of the most difficult asthmas to diagnose. The doctor has to eliminate other possibilities, such as chronic bronchitis, post nasal drip due to hay fever, or sinus disease. In this case the coughing can occur alone, without other asthma-type symptoms being present

Cough-Induced- type of asthma is triggered by something in the patient's place of work. Factors such as chemicals, vapours, gases, smoke, dust, fumes, or other particles can trigger asthma.

Occupational Asthma-Nocturnal asthma occurs between midnight and 8 AM. It is triggered by allergens in the home such as dust and pet dander or is caused by sinus conditions.

Steroid-Resistant Asthma (Severe Asthma)-While the majority of patients respond to regular inhaled glucocorticoid (steroid) therapy, some are steroid resistant. Airway inflammation and immune activation play an important role in chronic asthma.

CLASS ACTIVITY What is the content of the lesson?

How does it contribute to knowing about health?

What are the dangers of stress?

What is depression?

Name and explain coping strategies?

What are coping strategies and how are they relevant to everyday life?

Name and explain physical health.

Refferences Callahan D. (1973). "The WHO definition of 'health'". The Hastings Center Studies 1

(3): 77–87. doi:10.2307/3527467. JSTOR 3527467.

Jump up ^ Jadad AR, O'Grady L. (2008). "How should health be defined?". BMJ 337: a290. doi:10.1136/bmj.a290. PMID 18614520.

Jump up ^ Bellieni CV, Buonocore G. (2009). "Pleasing desires or pleasing whishes? A new approach to pain definition". Ethics Med 25 (1).

World Health Organization. The world health report. Geneva.

Jump up ^ Georgia State University. 1998. Health Triangle Slides.

Jump up ^ Nutter S. (2003) The Health Triangle. Anchor Points, Inc., ISBN 0974876003.

Jump up ^ World Health Organization. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Adopted at the First International Conference on Health Promotion, Ottawa, 21 November 1986 – WHO/HPR/HEP/95.1.