EFFECTIVE PUBLIC COMMUNICATION

THERESA THIA AI MIN 0323170

TRADITIONAL

DWELLINGS

NORTH AMERICA

SUBARCTIC REGIONS

ALASKA

CANADAICELAND

A REGION WHERE THE CLIMATE IS CHARACTERISED BY LONG, USUALLY VERY COLD WINTERS, AND SHORT, COOL TO MILD SUMMERS. IT OFFERS SOME OF THE MOST EXTREME SEASONAL TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS FOUND ON THE PLANET. THEY ARE MOSTLY INHABITED BY INUITS.

IGLOOS

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

ORIGINATED FROM CANADA AND GREENLAND

CONSTRUCTED BY INUIT PEOPLE

MARTIN FROBISHER LANDED ON BAFFIN ISLAND IN 1576 AND ENCOUNTERED AN INUIT IGLOO VILLAGE.

THIS PROVES THAT IGLOOS HAVE BEEN AROUND SINCE HUNDREDS OF YEARS.

TYPES OF IGLOOS

USED FOR HUNTING TRIPS OF ONLY ONE OR TWO NIGHTS. THESE IGLOOS ARE OFTEN BUILT ON OPEN SEA ICE.

SMALL IGLOO

SEMI-PERMANENT FOR A MEDIUM SIZED FAMILY. IT IS USUALLY A ONE ROOMED IGLOO FOR ONLY ONE OR TWO FAMILIES

MEDIUM IGLOO

SOMETIMES MANY OF THESE ARE MADE IN ONE AREA TO FORM AN INUIT VILLAGE.

LARGE IGLOO50% FOR LIVING AND THE OTHER 50% IS USED FOR SPECIAL OCCASIONS. THESE IGLOOS CAN HAVE UP TO 5 ROOMS AND HAVE UP TO 20 PEOPLE LIVING INSIDE OF IT. A LARGE IGLOO MIGHT CONSIST OF PLENTY OF SMALL IGLOOS CONNECTED TOGETHER. THESE LARGE IGLOOS WERE USED TO HOLD COMMITTEE FEST AND DANCES AND OTHER OCCASIONS.

STRUCTURE

THE IGLOO IS A DOME THAT CAN BE RAISED OUT OF INDEPENDENT BLOCKS LEANING ON EACH OTHER AND POLISHED TO FIT WITHOUT AN ADDITIONAL SUPPORTING STRUCTURE DURING CONSTRUCTION.

THE KEY FEATURE OF THE STRUCTURE IS THE SPIRAL FORM THAT RESULTS FROM THE USE OF WEDGE-SHAPED BLOCKS. FROM THAT POINT, A CONTINUOUS UPWARD SPIRAL PRODUCES A SELF-SUPPORTING DOME.

The entrance acts like a trap to cold air so it doesn’t go inside the Inuit’s dwelling. 

A tunnel is dug in the snow and a door is put at the end of the tunnel.

THE SLEEPING PLATFORM IS A RAISED AREA COMPARED TO WHERE ONE ENTERS THE IGLOO. BECAUSE WARMER AIR RISES AND COOLER AIR SETTLES, THE SLEEPING AREA HOLDS WHATEVER HEAT IS GENERATED BY A STOVE, LAMP, OR BODY HEAT.

SIDE ELEVATION

SIDE ELEVATION

THE TOP OF THE DOME IS THE HARDEST TO BUILD, AND IS USUALLY CONSTRUCTED FROM THE INSIDE.

THE IGLOO, IF CORRECTLY BUILT, WILL SUPPORT THE WEIGHT OF A PERSON STANDING ON THE ROOF.

THE HEAT FROM THE KULLIQ CAUSES THE INTERIOR TO MELT SLIGHTLY. THIS MELTING AND REFREEZING BUILDS UP AN ICE SHEET AND CONTRIBUTES TO THE STRENGTH OF THE IGLOO.

LAYOUT

ORNAMENTATION

ORNAMENTATION IS MINIMAL, IF NONE.

FURNITURE CONSISTS OF BEDS, AND THERE WOULD BE SOME KITCHEN APPLIANCES. HUNTING WEAPONS ARE KEPT IN THE IGLOO AS WELL.

It is clear that aesthetics are not important for the interior of the igloo. Instead, functionality is what counts.

MATERIALSSNOW

SNOW IS A VERY GOOD INSULATOR WHICH MEANS THAT THE IGLOO WAS ABLE TO RETAIN ITS HEAT.

SNOW THAT HAS BEEN BLOWN BY WIND

THE ICE CRYSTALS ARE COMPACT AND INTERLOCKED

MODERN ADAPTATIONS

IGLOO VILLAGEKAKSLAUTTANEN, FINLAND

It is a resort where the igloos are constructed of glass. Interior ornamentation is much more prioritized compared to traditional igloos.

HOTO FUDOYAMANASHI, JAPAN

It is a noodle restaurant that allows air from outdoors to circulate through large openings in the walls, apart from in the coldest season when curved acrylic sliding doors are used. It is constructed with reinforced concrete.

REFERENCES

7 EXAMPLES OF THE MODERN IGLOOhttp://www.citylab.com/design/2013/02/7-examples-modern-igloo/4788/

IGLOO – THE NEW WORLD ENCYCLOPEDIAhttp://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Igloo

INUIT SHELTER – THE IGLOOhttps://allthingsquebec.wordpress.com/2009/06/03/inuit-shelter-the-igloo/