LESSON 1INTRODUCTION OF FIRST AID

What is FIRST AID??

急救的定义First aid is the treatment given to the casualty for an injury or sudden illness before the arrival of ambulance or medical assistance.（ doctor/nurse)

The purposes of first aid

•To preserve life 保存生命•To prevent deterioration in casualty’s condition. 防止伤势恶化。•To promote recovery 足进复原•To protect the unconscious. 保护休克

First aider’s responsibilitiesYOU SHOULD:• Rapid but calm approach 应对• Make quick assessment 评估 of the situation and casualty.• Make a correct diagnosis 诊断 of the condition.• Give immediate and appropriate 适当 management.• Arrange proper and appropriate disposal 处理 of casualty.• End responsibilities when the casualty is handed over to the care of medical assistance or appropriate person.• First aider should not leave when there are no one could take charge the casualty.

Assessment 评估 of the situation

• 发生什么事？• 现场有什么对我有危险 DANGER 的，旁观者

BYSTANDERS ，和伤者 CASUALTY ？• 多少位伤者？• 伤者的情况 condition 会是怎样的？• 谁的生命是有危险的？• 什么资源 resources 是可以当场利用的？• 有什么特别的需要 special needed ？

PRIMARY ASSESMENT•1.Check for responsiveness•-Alert (conscious)•-Voice (semiconscious)•-Pain•-Unresponsive (unconscious)

. Ensure open airway-head tilt(倾斜) chin(下巴) lift

3.Check breathing-look feel listen

4.Check for circulation

Principle of Diagnosis 诊断•History –taken directly from bystanders•Symptom-ask the casualty•Sign-observation by First Aider