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D E P A R T M E N T O F A G R I C U L T U R E , F I S H E R I E S A N D F O R E S T R Y

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

CONCERNING FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE (FMD)

1990-2005

report to

Australian GovernmentDepartment of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry

by

AusVet Animal Health Services Pty Ltd andCSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory

November 21, 2005

IntroductionThis bibliography accompanies a report titled

Review of the potential impacts of new technologies on Australia’s foot and mouth disease (FMD) planning and policies.

The literature search was conducted by repeating the same search (foot and mouth disease) through three online databases: Medline, Biological Abstracts and Cab Abstracts. The search was limited to those references published from 1990 to present. References were checked to remove duplicates and to remove those references that referred to diseases other than foot and mouth disease. Remaining references were collated in Procite® and converted to a word file. The Procite file has also been made available to facilitate searching of the bibliography. The search was repeated in November 2005 and additional references processed as described and merged into the database. A small number of references from earlier than 1990 have been included because they contained specific information of interest to the main report.

References have been sorted in alphabetic order by author name.

Reference List

1. Aarthi, D.; Ananda Rao, K.; Robinson, R., and Srinivasan, V. A. Validation of binary ethyleneimine (BEI) used as an inactivant for foot and mouth disease tissue culture vaccine. Biologicals. 2004 Sep; 32(3):153-6.

2. Abbas, B. and Omer, O. H. Review of Infectious Diseases of the Camel. Veterinary Bulletin. 2005; 75(8).

3. Abrams, C. C.; King, A. M., and Belsham, G. J. Assembly of foot-and-mouth disease virus empty capsids synthesized by a vaccinia virus expression system. Journal of General Virology. 1995 Dec; 76 (Pt 12):3089-98.

4. Acharya, R.; Fry, E.; Stuart, D.; Fox, G.; Rowlands, D., and Brown, F. The structure of foot-and-mouth disease virus: implications for its physical and biological properties. Veterinary Microbiology. 1990 Jun; 23(1-4):21-34.

5. Adam, D. More culls planned as Britain wrestles with foot-and-mouth. Nature. 2001 Mar 22; 410(6827):398.

6. Adam, D. When the going gets tough... Nature. 2001 Aug 2; 412(6846):472-3.7. Adam, K. H. and Marquardt, O. Differentiation of type A, Asia1 and O foot-and-mouth

disease virus variants, amplified by the same system, by sequencing of the capsid protein genes. Journal of Virological Methods. 2002 Jul; 104(2):117-23.

8. Aggarwal, N. and Barnett, P. V. Antigenic sites of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV): an analysis of the specificities of anti-fmdv antibodies after vaccination of naturally susceptible host species. Journal of General Virology. 2002 Apr; 83(Pt 4):775-82.

9. Aggarwal, N.; Zhang, Z.; Cox, S.; Statham, R.; Alexandersen, S.; Kitching, R. P., and Barnett, P. V. Experimental studies with foot-and-mouth disease virus, strain O, responsible for the 2001 epidemic in the United Kingdom. Vaccine. 2002 Jun 7; 20(19-20):2508-15.

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10. Agterberg, M.; Adriaanse, H.; Barteling, S.; van Maanen, K., and Tommassen, J. Protection of guinea-pigs against foot-and-mouth disease virus by immunization with a phoe-FMDV hybrid protein. Vaccine. 1990 Oct; 8(5):438-40.

11. Agterberg, M.; Adriaanse, H.; Lankhof, H.; Meloen, R., and Tommassen, J. Outer membrane phoe protein of Escherichia coli as a carrier for foreign antigenic determinants: immunogenicity of epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Vaccine. 1990 Feb; 8(1):85-91.

12. Agterberg, M. and Tommassen, J. Outer membrane protein phoe as a carrier for the exposure of foreign antigenic determinants at the bacterial cell surface. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1991 May; 59(4):249-62.

13. Ahmad, S.; Bassiri, M.; Banerjee, A. K., and Yilma, T. Immunological characterization of the vsv nucleocapsid (n) protein expressed by recombinant baculovirus in spodoptera exigua larva: use in differential diagnosis between vaccinated and infected animals. Virology. 1993 Jan; 192(1):207-16.

14. Ahmed, F. M.; Aggour, A. M. A., and Daoud, A. M. Elisa as a Rapid Method for Detecting the Correlation Between the Field Isolates of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus and the Current Used Vaccine Strain in Egypt. Veterinary Medical Journal Giza. 2005; 53(1).

15. Aidaros, H. A. Regional status and approaches to control and eradication of foot and mouth disease in the Middle East and North Africa. Revue Scientifique Et Technique. 2002 Dec; 21(3):451-8.

16. Airaksinen, A.; Pariente, N.; Menendez-Arias, L., and Domingo, E. Curing of foot-and-mouth disease virus from persistently infected cells by ribavirin involves enhanced mutagenesis. Virology. 2003 Jul 5; 311(2):339-49.

17. Akkermans, J. P. [The contagiousness of the pestivirus and foot and mouth disease virus]. [Dutch]. Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde. 2002 Mar 1; 127(5):173.

18. Aktas, S. and Samuel, A. R. Identification of Antigenic Epitopes on the Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Isolate O1/Manisa/Turkey/69 Using Monoclonal Antibodies. Revue Scientifique Et Technique - Office International Des Epizooties. 2000; 19(3).

19. Alcala, P.; Feliu, J. X.; Aris, A., and Villaverde, A. Efficient accommodation of recombinant, foot-and-mouth disease virus rgd peptides to cell-surface integrins. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications. 2001 Jul 13; 285(2):201-6.

20. Alcala, P.; Ferrer-Miralles, N., and Villaverde, A. Engineering of Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase for solvent display of a functional scfv antibody fragment. FEBS Letters. 2003 Jan 2; 533(1-3):115-8.

21. Alexander, T. J. A winter of windborne spread. British Veterinary Journal. 1993 Nov-1993 Dec 31; 149(6):507-10.

22. Alexandersen, S.; Brotherhood, I., and Donaldson, A. I. Natural aerosol transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus to pigs: minimal infectious dose for strain O1 Lausanne. Epidemiology & Infection. 2002 Apr; 128(2):301-12.

23. Alexandersen, S. and Donaldson, A. I. Further studies to quantify the dose of natural aerosols of foot-and-mouth disease virus for pigs. Epidemiology & Infection. 2002 Apr; 128(2):313-23.

24. Alexandersen, S. and Donaldson, A. I. Quantitative estimates of the risk of new outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease as a result of burning pyres. Veterinary Record. 2004 Feb 28; 154(9):277-8; author reply 278.

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25. Alexandersen, S.; Forsyth, M. A.; Reid, S. M., and Belsham, G. J. Development of reverse transcription-pcr (oligonucleotide probing) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis and preliminary typing of foot-and-mouth disease: a new system using simple and aqueous-phase hybridization. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2000 Dec; 38(12):4604-13.

26. Alexandersen, S.; Kitching, R. P.; Mansley, L. M., and Donaldson, A. I. Clinical and laboratory investigations of five outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease during the 2001 epidemic in the United Kingdom. Veterinary Record. 2003 Apr 19; 152(16):489-96.

27. Alexandersen, S. and Mowat, N. Foot-and-mouth disease: host range and pathogenesis. Current Topics in Microbiology & Immunology. 2005; 2889-42.

28. Alexandersen, S.; Oleksiewicz, M. B., and Donaldson, A. I. The early pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease in pigs infected by contact: a quantitative time-course study using TaqMan RT-PCR. Journal of General Virology. 2001 Apr; 82(Pt 4):747-55.

29. Alexandersen, S.; Quan, M.; Murphy, C.; Knight, J., and Zhang, Z. Studies of quantitative parameters of virus excretion and transmission in pigs and cattle experimentally infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 2003 Nov; 129(4):268-82.

30. Alexandersen, S.; Zhang, Z., and Donaldson, A. I. Aspects of the persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus in animals--the carrier problem. Microbes & Infection. 2002 Aug; 4(10):1099-110.

31. Alexandersen, S.; Zhang, Z.; Donaldson, A. I., and Garland, A. J. The pathogenesis and diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 2003 Jul; 129(1):1-36.

32. Alexandersen, S.; Zhang, Z.; Reid, S. M.; Hutchings, G. H., and Donaldson, A. I. Quantities of infectious virus and viral rna recovered from sheep and cattle experimentally infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus O UK 2001. Journal of General Virology. 2002 Aug; 83(Pt 8):1915-23.

33. Ali, S. M. and Saad, M. A. Comparative Evaluation of the Immune Efficacy for Fmd Vaccines Prepared With Montanide Isa50 and Aluminum Hydroxide Gel in Cattle. Veterinary Medical Journal Giza. 2005; 53(2(1)).

34. Alonso, A.; Darsie, G. C.; Teixeira, A. C.; Reis, J. L., and Mesquita, J. A. Application of monoclonal antibodies to quality control of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines. Vaccine. 1994 Jun; 12(8):682-6.

35. Alonso, A.; Gomes, M. D.; Ramalho, A. K.; Allende, R.; Barahona, H.; Sondahl, M. S., and Osorio, F. A. Characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus by monoclonal antibodies. Viral Immunology. 1993; 6(3):219-28.

36. Alonso, A.; Martins, M. A.; Gomes Mda, P.; Allende, R., and Sondahl, M. S. Foot-and-mouth disease virus typing by complement fixation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monovalent and polyvalent antisera. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 1992 Jul; 4(3):249-53.

37. Amadori, M. Foot-and-Mouth Disease: Present Situation and Prospects for the Future. Praxis Veterinaria (Milano). 2001; 22(2).

38. Amadori, M.; Archetti, I. L.; Scaccaglia, P.; Modena, D.; Fossati, G.; Lucietto, P., and Mascagni, P. Chaperonin 10 of mycobacterium tuberculosis induces a protective immune response to foot-and-mouth disease virus. Archives of Virology. 1999; 144(5):905-19.

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39. Amadori, M.; Archetti, I. L.; Tollis, M.; Buonavoglia, C., and Panina, G. F. Potency assessment of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines in cattle by means of antibody assays. Biologicals. 1991 Jul; 19(3):191-6.

40. Amadori, M.; Archetti, I. L.; Verardi, R., and Berneri, C. Isolation of mononuclear cytotoxic cells from cattle vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease. Archives of Virology. 1992; 122(3-4):293-306.

41. Amadori, M.; Archetti, I. L.; Verardi, R., and Berneri, C. Role of a distinct population of bovine gamma delta t cells in the immune response to viral agents. Viral Immunology. 1995; 8(2):81-91.

42. Amadori, M.; Berneri, C., and Archetti, I. L. Immunogenicity of foot-and-mouth disease virus grown in bhk-21 suspension cells. Correlation with cell ploidy alterations and abnormal expression of the alpha 5 beta 1 integrin. Vaccine. 1994 Feb; 12(2):159-66.

43. Amaral-Doel, C. M.; Owen, N. E.; Ferris, N. P.; Kitching, R. P., and Doel, T. R. Detection of foot-and-mouth disease viral sequences in clinical specimens and ethyleneimine-inactivated preparations by the polymerase chain reaction. Vaccine. 1993; 11(4):415-21.

44. Amass, S. F.; Mason, P. W.; Pacheco, J. M.; Miller, C. A.; Ramirez, A.; Clark, L. K.; Ragland, D.; Schneider, J. L., and Kenyon, S. J. Procedures for Preventing Transmission of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (O/Taw/97) by People. Veterinary Microbiology. 2004; 103(3/4).

45. Amass, S. F.; Pacheco, J. M.; Mason, P. W.; Schneider, J. L.; Alvarez, R. M.; Clark, L. K., and Ragland, D. Procedures for Preventing the Transmission of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus to Pigs and Sheep by Personnel in Contact With Infected Pigs. Veterinary Record. 2003; 153(5).

46. Amass, S. F.; Schneider, J. L.; Miller, C. A.; Shawky, S. A.; Stevenson, G. W., and Woodruff, M. E. Idiopathic Vesicular Disease in a Swine Herd in Indiana. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 2004; 12(4).

47. Andersen, H. J.; Oksbjerg, N., and Therkildsen, M. Potential Quality Control Tools in the Production of Fresh Pork, Beef and Lamb Demanded by the European Society. Livestock Production Science. 2005; 94(1/2).

48. Anderson, E. C.; Foggin, C.; Atkinson, M.; Sorensen, K. J.; Madekurozva, R. L., and Nqindi, J. The role of wild animals, other than buffalo, in the current epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease in Zimbabwe. Epidemiology & Infection. 1993 Dec; 111(3):559-63.

49. Anderson, J. ; Ferris, N. P.; Barnett, P. V.; Knowles, N. J., and Paton, D. J. Laboratory Investigations at Pirbright During the UK Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) Outbreak of 2001. State Veterinary Journal. 2002; 12(1).

50. Anderson, R. M.; Ferguson, N. M., and Donnelly, C. A. Group did give timely foot-and-mouth analysis. Nature. 2001 Sep 6; 413(6851):16.

51. Andersson, I.; Svendsen, L. S., and Gustafsson, B. What Happens to Farm Animals in Emergency Situations? Svensk Veterinartidning. 2001; 53(6).

52. Andreasen, C. B.; Spickler, A. R., and Jones, B. E. Swedish Antimicrobial Regulations and Their Impact on Food Animal Production. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2005; 227(1).

53. Andrews, A. H. Fmd control strategies. Veterinary Record. 2001 May 5; 148(18):579.54. Animal Health Trust. Fmd and horses: industry guidance for owners and event

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organisers. Veterinary Record. 2001 Mar 10; 148(10):290-1.55. Anonymous. Testing Australia's preparedness for fmd. Australian Veterinary Journal.

2002 Aug; 80(8):460-1.56. Ansell, D. M.; Samuel, A. R.; Carpenter, W. C., and Knowles, N. J. Genetic

relationships between foot-and-mouth disease type Asia 1 viruses. Epidemiology & Infection. 1994 Feb; 112(1):213-24.

57. Anthony, R. Risk Communication, Value Judgments, and the Public-Policy Maker Relationship in a Climate of Public Sensitivity Toward Animals: Revisiting Britain's Foot and Mouth Crisis. Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics. 2004; 17(4/5).

58. Ap Dewi, I.; Molina-Flores, B., and Edwards-Jones, G. A generic spreadsheet model of a disease epidemic with application to the first 100 days of the 2001 outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in the UK. Veterinary Journal. 2004 Mar; 167(2):167-74.

59. Arambulo, P. V. 3rd. Veterinary public health: perspectives at the threshold of the 21st century. Revue Scientifique Et Technique. 1992 Mar; 11(1):255-62.

60. Araujo, J. P.; Montassier, H. J., and Pinto, A. A. Liquid-phase blocking sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus in water buffalo sera. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1996 Jun; 57(6):840-3.

61. Araujo, J. P. Jr; Montassier, H. J., and Pinto, A. A. Extensive antigenic and genetic variation among foot-and-mouth disease type a viruses isolated from the 1994 and 1995 foci in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Veterinary Microbiology. 2002 Jan 3; 84(1-2):15-27.

62. Arazi, T.; Shiboleth, Y. M., and Gal-On, A. A nonviral peptide can replace the entire n terminus of zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus coat protein and permits viral systemic infection. Journal of Virology. 2001 Jul; 75(14):6329-36.

63. Archetti, I. L.; Amadori, M.; Donn, A.; Salt, J., and Lodetti, E. Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected cattle by assessment of antibody response in oropharyngeal fluids. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 1995 Jan; 33(1):79-84.

64. Arias, A.; Lazaro, E.; Escarmis, C., and Domingo, E. Molecular intermediates of fitness gain of an rna virus: characterization of a mutant spectrum by biological and molecular cloning. Journal of General Virology. 2001 May; 82(Pt 5):1049-60.

65. Arias, A.; Ruiz-Jarabo, C. M.; Escarmis, C., and Domingo, E. Fitness increase of memory genomes in a viral quasispecies. Journal of Molecular Biology. 2004 May 28; 339(2):405-12.

66. Armstrong, R. M.; Cox, S. J.; Aggarwal, N.; Mackay, D. J. ; Davies, P. R.; Hamblin, P. A.; Dani, P.; Barnett, P. V., and Paton, D. J. Detection of antibody to the foot-and-mouth disease virus (fFMDV) non-structural polyprotein 3ABC in sheep by ELISA. Journal of Virological Methods. 2005 May; 125(2):153-63.

67. Armstrong, R. M.; Crowther, J. R., and Denyer, M. S. The detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in filter paper eluates from pig sera or whole blood by ELISA. Journal of Virological Methods. 1991 Sep-1991 Oct 31; 34(2):181-92.

68. Armstrong, R. M. and Mathew, E. S. Predicting herd protection against foot-and-mouth disease by testing individual and bulk tank milk samples. Journal of Virological Methods. 2001 Sep; 97(1-2):87-99.

69. Armstrong, R. M.; Mathew, E. S., and Mackay, D. K. Validation of the specific isotype

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assay to detect antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus in bovine milk. Journal of Virological Methods. 2000 Mar; 85(1-2):193-201.

70. Armstrong, R. M.; Samuel, A. R.; Carpenter, W. C.; Kant, R., and Knowles, N. J. A comparative study of serological and biochemical methods for strain differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease type A viruses. Veterinary Microbiology. 1994 Apr; 39(3-4):285-98.

71. Arvind Kumar; Sharma, R., and Ahuja, K. L. Antigenic Correlation Between Foot-and-Mouth Disease Type O Vaccine Virus and Field Virus Strains Causing Outbreaks in Haryana [India] (1996-97). Indian Journal of Virology. 1999; 15(2).

72. Asis Bhattacharya; Majumder, P., and Dutta, M. K. Outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease in an Organised Pig Farm in Tripura State by Type-O Virus. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases. 2001; 22(2).

73. Asseldonk, M. A. P. M. Van; Meuwissen, M. P. M., and Huirne, R. B. M. Risk-Financing Strategies to Manage Epidemic Animal Disease Costs in the UK. Farm Management. 2004; 11(12).

74. Assinder, A. ; Coombes, D.; Bentley, R. A.; Ellis, R. O.; Mason, I. K.; Tunney, P. J., and Russell, R. Control of FMD. Veterinary Record. 2001 Aug 4; 149(5):159.

75. Auty, J. H. Foot-and-mouth disease in Australia. Australian Veterinary Journal. 1998 Nov; 76(11):763-4.

76. Awa, D. N.; Njoya, A.; Mopate, Y. L.; Ndomadji, J. A.; Onana, J.; Awa, A. A.; Tama, A. C. N.; Djoumessi, M.; Loko, B. D.; Bechir, A. B.; Delafosse, A., and Maho, A. Constraints, Opportunities and Evolution of Livestock Breeding Systems in the Semi-Arid Central African Region. Cahiers Agricultures. 2004; 13(4).

77. Ayers, E.; Cameron, E.; Kemp, R.; Leitch, H.; Mollison, A.; Muir, I.; Reid, H.; Smith, D., and Sproat, J. Oral lesions in sheep and cattle in Dumfries and Galloway. Veterinary Record. 2001 Jun 9; 148(23):720-3.

78. Bablanian, G. M. and Grubman, M. J. Characterization of the foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease expressed in Escherichia coli. Virology. 1993 Nov; 197(1):320-7.

79. Bae Youchan; Yoon Soonseek; Kang Kyungil; Roh Insoon; Kim Heuijin; So Byungjae; Park Jungwon; Jean Yonghwa, and Kang Munil. Clinical Signs and Pathologic Lesions of Foot and Mouth Disease in Pigs, Korea. Journal of Veterinary Clinics. 2004; 21(2).

80. Baipoledi, E. K.; Matlho, G.; Letshwenyo, M.; Chimbombi, M.; Adom, E. K.; Raborokgwe, M. V., and Hyera, J. M. Re-emergence of foot-and-mouth disease in Botswana. Veterinary Journal. 2004 Jul; 168(1):93-9.

81. Baker, P. J.; Harris, S., and Webbon, C. C. Effect of British hunting ban on fox numbers. Nature. 2002 Sep 5; 419(6902):34.

82. Bakkali, L.; Guillou, R.; Gonzague, M., and Cruciere, C. A rapid and sensitive chemiluminescence dot-immunobinding assay for screening hybridoma supernatants. Journal of Immunological Methods. 1994 Apr 15; 170(2):177-84.

83. Baksi, S.; Biswas, B. K., and Das, R. Cultivation of Fmd Field Virus Type 'o' in Pig Kidney Monolayer Cell Culture Maintained in Low Cost Medium. Environment and Ecology. 2003; 21(3).

84. Baky, M. H. A.; El-Rahim, I. H. A. A.; Habashi, A. R.; Mahmoud, M. M., and Al-Mujalii, D. M. Epizootiology and Control Measurements of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in Saudi Arabia From 1999 to 2004. Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal. 2005;

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51(104).85. Balachandran, C.; Jayathangaraj, M. G.; Jesudass, M. J. A.; Sangaran, A.; Albert, A. A.;

John, M. C., and Manickam, R. Incidence of Foot and Mouth Disease in a Free Ranging Indian Bison (Bos Gaurus). Indian Journal of Animal Health. 2000; 39(2).

86. Balamurugan, V.; Kumar, R. M., and Suryanarayana, V. V. Past and present vaccine development strategies for the control of foot-and-mouth disease. Acta Virologica. 2004; 48(4):201-14.

87. Balamurugan, V.; Renji, R.; Saha, S. N.; Reddy, G. R.; Gopalakrishna, S., and Suryanarayana, V. V. Protective immune response of the capsid precursor polypeptide (p1) of foot and mouth disease virus type 'O' produced in pichia pastoris. Virus Research. 2003 Apr; 92(2):141-9.

88. Balamurugan, V.; Renji, R.; Venkatesh, G.; Reddy, G. R.; Nair, S. P.; Ganesh, K., and Suryanarayana, V. V. Protective immune response against foot-and-mouth disease virus challenge in guinea pigs vaccinated with recombinant p1 polyprotein expressed in pichia pastoris. Archives of Virology. 2005 May; 150(5):967-79.

89. Baranowski, E.; Molina, N.; Nunez, J. I.; Sobrino, F., and Saiz, M. Recovery of infectious foot-and-mouth disease virus from suckling mice after direct inoculation with in vitro-transcribed rna. Journal of Virology. 2003 Oct; 77(20):11290-5.

90. Baranowski, E.; Ruiz-Jarabo, C. M.; Lim, F., and Domingo, E. Foot-and-mouth disease virus lacking the vP1 g-h loop: the mutant spectrum uncovers interactions among antigenic sites for fitness gain. Virology. 2001 Sep 30; 288(2):192-202.

91. Baranowski, E.; Ruiz-Jarabo, C. M.; Sevilla, N.; Andreu, D.; Beck, E., and Domingo, E. Cell recognition by foot-and-mouth disease virus that lacks the rgd integrin-binding motif: flexibility in aphthovirus receptor usage. Journal of Virology. 2000 Feb; 74(4):1641-7.

92. Barker, C. FMD and the contiguous cull. Veterinary Record. 2004 Oct 2; 155(14):435.93. Barlic-Maganja, D.; Grom, J.; Toplak, I., and Hostnik, P. Detection of foot and mouth

disease virus by RT-PCR and microplate hydridization assay using inactivated viral antigens. Veterinary Research Communications. 2004 Feb; 28(2):149-58.

94. Barman, B.; Sarma, D. K.; Sharma, K., and Barman, N. N. Antibody Response of Pigs Vaccinated With FMD and Swine Fever Vaccines. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2004; 74(5).

95. Barman, N. N.; Barman, B.; Roychoudhury, P.; Sarma, D. K., and Bora, M. A Note on Effect of Levamisole in Early Recovery of Cattle Affected With Foot and Mouth Disease. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases. 2001; 22(2).

96. Barman, N. N.; Sarma, D. K.; Das, S., and Patgiri, G. P. Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Wild and Semi-Domesticated Animals of the North-Eastern States of India. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences. 1999; 69(10).

97. Barnard, A. L.; Arriens, A.; Cox, S.; Barnett, P.; Kristensen, B.; Summerfield, A., and McCullough, K. C. Immune response characteristics following emergency vaccination of pigs against foot-and-mouth disease. Vaccine. 2005 Jan 11; 23(8):1037-47.

98. Barnett, P.; Garland, A. J.; Kitching, R. P., and Schermbrucker, C. G. Aspects of emergency vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 2002 Oct; 25(5-6):345-64.

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99. Barnett, P. V. Foot-and-mouth disease--the vaccine. Biologist. 2001 Apr; 48(2):55.100. Barnett, P. V. and Carabin, H. A review of emergency foot-and-mouth disease (FMD)

vaccines. Vaccine. 2002 Feb 22; 20(11-12):1505-14.101. Barnett, P. V. and Cox, S. J. The role of small ruminants in the epidemiology and

transmission of foot-and-mouth disease. Veterinary Journal. 1999 Jul; 158(1):6-13.102. Barnett, P. V.; Cox, S. J.; Aggarwal, N.; Gerber, H., and McCullough, K. C. Further

studies on the early protective responses of pigs following immunisation with high potency foot and mouth disease vaccine. Vaccine. 2002 Aug 19; 20(25-26):3197-208.

103. Barnett, P. V.; Keel, P.; Reid, S.; Armstrong, R. M.; Statham, R. J.; Voyce, C.; Aggarwal, N., and Cox, S. J. Evidence that high potency foot-and-mouth disease vaccine inhibits local virus replication and prevents the "carrier" state in sheep. Vaccine. 2004 Mar 12; 22(9-10):1221-32.

104. Barnett, P. V.; Pullen, L.; Staple, R. F.; Lee, L. J.; Butcher, R.; Parkinson, D., and Doel, T. R. A protective anti-peptide antibody against the immunodominant site of the A24 cruzeiro strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus and its reactivity with other subtype viruses containing the same minimum binding sequence. Journal of General Virology. 1996 May; 77 ( Pt 5):1011-8.

105. Barnett, P. V.; Samuel, A. R., and Statham, R. J. The suitability of the 'emergency' foot-and-mouth disease antigens held by the international vaccine bank within a global context. Vaccine. 2001 Feb 28; 19(15-16):2107-17.

106. Barnett, P. V. and Statham, R. J. Stratified and cryogenically stored (sacs) vaccines, a new concept in emergency foot-and-mouth disease vaccine formulation and storage. Vaccine. 2002 May 15; 20(16):2060-4.

107. Barnett, P. V.; Statham, R. J.; Vosloo, W., and Haydon, D. T. Foot-and-mouth disease vaccine potency testing: determination and statistical validation of a model using a serological approach. Vaccine. 2003 Jul 4; 21(23):3240-8.

108. Baron, M. D.; Foster-Cuevas, M.; Baron, J., and Barrett, T. Expression in cattle of epitopes of a heterologous virus using a recombinant rinderpest virus. Journal of General Virology. 1999 Aug; 80 ( Pt 8):2031-9.

109. Barteling, S. J. Development and performance of inactivated vaccines against foot and mouth disease. Revue Scientifique Et Technique. 2002 Dec; 21(3):577-88.

110. Barteling, S. J. and Vreeswijk, J. Developments in foot-and-mouth disease vaccines. Vaccine. 1991 Feb; 9(2):75-88.

111. Barteling, S.J. Modern Inactivated Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) Vaccines: Historical Background and Key Elements in Production and Use. Sobringo, F and Domingo, E, Eds. Foot and Mouth Disease Current Perspectives. Norfolk, England: Horizon Bioscience; 2004; pp. 305-333.

112. Bartels, T.; Schafer, H.; Liebermann, H.; Burger, R., and Beyer, J. T-lymphocyte responses in guinea pigs vaccinated with foot-and-mouth disease virus. Veterinary Immunology & Immunopathology. 1994 Mar; 40(3):213-23.

113. Bartley, L. M.; Donnelly, C. A., and Anderson, R. M. Review of foot-and-mouth disease virus survival in animal excretions and on fomites. Veterinary Record. 2002 Nov 30; 151(22):667-9.

114. Bassili, G.; Tzima, E.; Song, Y.; Saleh, L.; Ochs, K., and Niepmann, M. Sequence and secondary structure requirements in a highly conserved element for foot-and-mouth disease virus internal ribosome entry site activity and eif4g binding. Journal of

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