Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
VISION AND LEARNING
Enhancing the lives of children with vision-related learning problems
Let’s Talk About . . .
• Developmental Optometry• Vision• Vision Related Problems• Identifying Vision Problems v. ADHD• Vision Therapy
We’re going to talk about some things you may
recognize in yourself, a family
member, or a patientPlease ask
lots of questions
WHAT IS
OPTOMETRY ?
DEVELOPMENTAL
A part of Optometry since the 1930s
“I Can’t”
“It’s blurry”
“The words move”
“I’m tired”
We work with students who struggle with learning due to vision problems(sometimes confused with other learning issues like ADHD)
We also work with developmental disabilities includingAutism, CP, and Downs Syndrome
Post Trauma Vision
Syndrome
Diplopia
Dizziness
Headaches
Light Sensitivity
Difficulty ReadingBlurred Vision
Poor Spatial Awareness
Poor Concentration
WHAT IS
VISION?
It is more than 20/20 (acuity at 20 feet)
Most classroom learning occurs at 20 inches!
Acuity is important
but it is only one aspect of
vision
Vision is the comprehensive ability to organize what is seen so that it can be understood and used to guide and direct one’s
actions to interact with the world.
“Sight is what our eyes see. Vision is what our mind understands what we see.”From Ricki G. Robinson, MD, MPH, Clinical Professor of Pediatrics USC (CA)
What is it?
Ohhhhh!
Vision is our
Dominant Sense
“The brain receives about 3 million bits ofinformation at every moment, and 2 million
of these are from vision”.
From V. S. Ramachandran MD, PhD
Vision develops over predictable stages
Primitive Reflexes
Gross Motor
Fine Motor
“When we open our eyes each morning,it is upon a world we have spent a
lifetime learning to see.”From An Anthropologist on Mars By Oliver Sachs, MD
WHAT ARE
VISION RELATED
PROBLEMS?
Crowding When
Reading
Touching Walls
Flapping Hands
Tunnel Vision
Poor Central/Peripheral Visual Integration“Can’t see the forest for the trees.”
Lack of VisualDominance
“Beyond early childhood.”
Putting Things in Mouth
Smelling Everything
Touching Everything
Poor Eye Teaming
Side-Glancing
RockingBack & Forth
Waving Hand
In Front of Face
Poor Judge of Distance
Poor Tracking of
Poor Eye Contact
Short Attention
Span
Poor Visual Detail
Poor Eye Tracking &
Fixation
Clumsy
Continual Movement
Poor OrientationVision-Vestibular Disturbance
Car Sick
Poor Coordination
WHAT CAUSES
VISION PROBLEMS?
Birth History
Pregnancy/Birth Complications
Birth Weight Under 5 lbs.
Adoption
Prematurity
Developmental History
Poor Crawling
Creeping Skipped
Late or Early
Walking
Difficulty Learning to
Run
Genetic Problems
Trauma
Medical History
Serious Illness
Stress from long- term near work
HOW DO WE
IDENTIFY VISION
PROBLEMS?
30 – item standardized
checklist
If 20 points or above,
suspicion of vision
problem
Head Tilt
Skips Lines
Poor Reading Comprehension
Misaligns Columns of
DigitsUses Finger Past 2nd Grade
Holds Book Too Close
Uses One Eye
Difficulty Completing
Assignments
Avoids/Refuses Near
Work
Behavioral Problems,
Class Clown, Aggressive, Delinquent
Headaches, Especially After Near
Work
Homework Wars
Clumsy
Poor Personal Space
Accident Prone
Excessive activityGravitationally- Insecure
WHAT DO WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT
VISION PROBLEMS?
"National PTA recognizes: Early diagnosis and treatment of children's vision problems is a necessary component to
school readiness and academic learning . . .”Learning-Related Vision Problems Education and Evaluation - National PTA resolution June 1999
20% of the US
population cannot view 3-D movies
It is estimated that more than 10 million children
(ages 0 to 10) suffer from vision problems
“Results from a nationwide clinical
trial…many children ages 7 through 17 with
amblyopia (lazy eye) may benefit from
treatments that are more commonly used on younger children.”
"3-fold incidence of ADHD
with presence of convergence insufficiency.”
“Office-based vergence
accommodative therapy is an effective
treatment for children with symptomatic convergence
insufficiency (CI).”
Research?
National Eye Institute April 11, 2005
Ratner Children’s Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology,
University of California
Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial (CITT)
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH October 13, 2008
WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT
VISION PROBLEMS?
See a Developmen
tal Optometrist who can . . .
Glasses may contain bifocals and prisms
Virginia Vision Therapy Center
. . . prescribe
Specialized Glasses
. . . conduct Developmen
tal Vision Assessment
and . . .
Vision Therapy is neurological training
Does not strengthen
eye muscles
In-Office Procedure
s and Activities
Home Vision
Training
Vision Therapy
From 2-D to 3-D Sight:How One Scientist Learned to See
Scientific American August 4,2009 From www.stereosue.com
?
?
? ?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? ?
?
?
?
?
?
?
??
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
??
Questions?
