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S Y M P T O M S O F S T R E S S . A N X I E T Y
UNDERSTANDING STRESS.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
• Aim;• To identify the effects of stress and anxiety on sporting
performance.
• Objectives;• Identify the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous
system. • Describe anxiety and how it can affect sporting
performance. • Explain the affects on sporting performance.
SESSION RECAP.
• Class test!• How did that make you feel?• How do you think that can affect your performance?
• What are the different types of stress?• What are the causes of stress?
SYMPTOMS OF STRESS
• If you find yourself in threatening situation;• Your stress response is activated.
• The way you respond, depends on how you view the threat. • Positive or negative
• This is controlled by two parts:• Sympathetic and parasympathic nervous system.
SYMPATHETIC
• Responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response. • It give the energy needed to confront or run away. • In order to do this the body reduces the following
physiological responses: • (have a look for them) – (Phone, iPod, iPad)
• Blood diverted to working muscles. • Increased heart rate. • Increased heat production • Increased adrenaline production. • Increased muscle tension• A dry month.
PARASYMPATHETIC
• Once the stress has passed, this system begins to work.• This system helps the body relax. • What responses do you think the body will produce.
• Makes the muscles relax,• Slows metabolism,• Increases digestion rate,• Decreases body temperature,• Decreases heart rate,• Constricts the pupils,• Decreases the breathing rate.
ANXIETY
• This is a negative emotional. • This occurs if the performer views a stressor as a
negative and starts to worry. • For example;• A fear of not playing well and letting the team down. • A fear of injury • A fear of running out of time.
• There are two types of anxiety – trait and state anxiety.
ANXIETY
Trait anxiety
• This is shown by performers that tend to worry a lot of the time. • Such people are born
worriers.
• An example:• A player who always worries
about forthcoming game.
• Consistent in their behaviour• Will find something to worry
about even if things are going well.
State anxiety
• This is more temporary and will only be experienced in a particular situation. • Taking a penalty in a
game of football.
• The levels of anxiety experienced in any particular situation can vary depending on the athlete and situation.
KEY TERMS
Trait anxiety
• A behavioural tendency of feel threatened even in situations that are not really threatening, and then to respond to this with high levels of state anxiety.
State anxiety
• A temporary, ever-changing mood state that is an emotional response to any situation considered to be threatening.
SYMPTOMS OF ANXIETY
• There are two types of state anxiety.• Cognitive state anxiety• Is the amount you worry.
• Somatic state anxiety• Relates to your perception of the physiological changes
that happen in particular situations.
ANXIETY
• Cognitive state anxiety• Negative thoughts.• Nervousness and
worry experienced in certain situations.
• Symptoms;• Concentration
problems, • Fear and bad decision
making.
• When concentration levels drop, performance level drop. • Once performance
drops, levels of anxiety start to increase. Thus more mistakes in performance.• The athlete is then in a
negative cycle which harms performance.
ANXIETY
• Somatic state anxiety• Refers to the changes
in physiological activation.
• Such as:• Increases in heart rate,• Sweating,• Increased body heat,• Complete muscle
tension.
• If the athlete see these as a negative then their performance will start to drop.• However, we know
that these can also be a positive to performance. • The athlete that ‘froze’
on the starting block.
EFFECTS OF ANXIETY
• Anxiety is seen as a negative mental state that is a negative aspect of stress. • When concentration is needed such as golf putting, darts or
snooker. • Anxiety can lead to lower performance levels.
(Concentration, attention levels &Co-ordination faults.)
• However;• Some symptoms of anxiety can also be beneficial for sports
performance. • Increased blood flow,• Increased breathing rate and respiratory rate.
• It is the perception of the athlete that will make these symptoms negative.
NEGATIVE MENTAL STATE
• Constantly worrying about winning, may lead to the athlete putting to much pressure on their own performance. • This can result in an increased nervousness,
apprehension or worry. • Therefore resulting in thinking about failing.
• Once the athlete starts to think about this, you will become focused on it. • Thus, increasing the likelihood of it happening.