TUKHM-E-BALANGO

By : S.M.Mikail

TUKHM-E-BALANGO

(Seed)The Advia Tukhm-e-Balango consists of

dried seeds of Lallemantia royleana Benth. Synonym

Nepeta cordifolia Boiss, Darcocephalumroyleanum Benth. (Fam. Lamiaceae). The

plant grows

in Punjab plains and hills.

Mutradif Naam:Urdu : Balango

Arabic : Habb-ul- BalangoPersian : Tukkm-e- Balango

English : Salvia seedHindi : Ghareikashamalu

Kashmiri : TukhmibalanguMarathi : Tukhmi Balangu

Punjabi : Ghareikashamalu, Tukhmbalangu, Tukhmmalanga

Mahiyyat:Aaini Mushahida : The seeds are small, black oblong

smooth 3 angled. The narrow end of the seedis amblicus which is marked by a characteristic white

spot. One side of the seed is comparativelybroader than the other two sides and also slightly curved. Embryo small white and consists of two

plano-convex cotyledons. Seeds when soaked in water show opaque tenacious grey mucilaginous

coating. The seeds are non-oily and tasteless.

Stems 15-20.5 cm, densely spreading or retrorsewhite pubescent (roayindar).

Petiole 5-10 mm; leaf blade ovate, 1.5-2.5 × 0.8-1 cm, sparsely pubescent, base cuneate, margin crenate, apex obtuse. Verticillasters in terminal spikes 2-18.5 cm; floral leaves short petiolate, ovate to oblong-cuneate (lambotre nokilae),

0.8-1.7 cm × 5-7 mm, margin remotely 4-7 × 2-5 mm , axially yellow glandular, margin 2-4-

toothed.

Aaini Mushahida :Cross section of seed is more or less triangular in outline and externally it is

densely covered with long mucilagenous hairs. In longitudinal section it is oblong elliptic.

Seed coat is very thin and reduced to just few layers of cells.The outer epidemis comprises single layer of radially elongated compactly

arranged tubular cells which show bar like thickening on the inner tangentialwall.

The mesophyll of the seed coat comprises a few layers of crushed mass but this region is rich in blackish pigments.

The endosperm forms a thin layer outside the embryo which is made up ofparenchymatous cells.

The embryo is also parenchymatous but the cells lying at the inner surface of the cotyledons are elongated while others are almost iso-diametric.The cells of cotyledons are rich in aleurone grains and oil droplets.

IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH:

Foreign matter : Not more than 2 percent Appendix 2.2.2Total ash : Not more than7 percent Appendix 2.2.3

Acid insoluble ash : Not more than 3.00 percent Appendix 2.2.4

Water-soluble ash : Not more than 3 percent, Appendix 2.2.5Alcohol soluble extractives : Not less than 3 percent Appendix

2.2.6Water soluble extractives : Not less than 5.76 percent

Appendix 2.2.7

Mizaaj :Garam Wa Tar

Afaal :Musakkin (Sedative),

Mudirr-e-Baul (Diuretic),Muqawwi-e-Qalb (Cardiac tonic),

Daf-e-Zaheer (Anti dysentric)

Istemaal:

Zof-e-Qalb (Weakness of Heart),Dard-e-Shikam (Stomachache),

Zaheer (Dysentery),Atash-e-Mufrat (Polydipsia)

Miqdaar :3-5 g

Muzir: Stomach

Muslah :Nabat e safaid wa

Qand

Badal: Tukhm e rayyhan

Murakkabaat:Khameera-e-GaozabanAmbari Jawahirwala,

Khameera-e- Gaozaban-Sada

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS : Steroids, phenols, glycosides, carbohydrates, aluminium iron,

magnesium and potassium.

Recent Advances:This study was conducted to assess the antibacterial activity of four different organic extracts of L. royleana seeds against

four bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) for

the first time by disc diffusion method. Except aqueous extracts, all organic extracts of L. royleana seeds displayed

significant anti-bacterial activity against all the tested bacteria. The chloroform extract exhibited highest anti-

bacterial activity for all bacterial strains. Results shows that L. royleana seeds possess significant antibacterial potential

against S. aureus, E. coli and E. cloaceae, therefore, it can be a good remedy for skin disease and gastro-intestinal problems

caused by human pathogenic bacterial strains.

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