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Student presentation for PDHPE
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• Tooth injuries can result in teeth that are chipped, cracked, partially
displaced or completely dislodged from the socket in the mouth. These injuries
often occur as the result of falls or accidents during athletics, in track and field
events like hurdles, hammer throw and running races. An example of this would
be tripping over a hurdle and landing face first on the track, and this could result
in acquiring a tooth injury.
• A tooth injury usually requires a visit to a healthcare professional. In many
cases, consulting the dentist is the best option. However, a visit to a hospital
emergency room may be necessary if the patient has suffered a blow to the
head – which can be life-threatening – or an injury to another body part.
• Patients who suffer a tooth injury ofte
n have
symptoms such as bleeding in the area, pain or
increased sensitivity in the tooth. Patients are urged to
seek emergency help in cases of dental emergencies,
such as when a permanent tooth is knocked out, j
aw
swelling indicates a potential fr
acture or bleeding of
the gums does not stop despite firm pressure.
Appointments with a dentist can be scheduled for less
serious injuries, such as a minor chip in a tooth (e.g.,
cracked teeth).
• Although in most cases the signs of tooth injury are obvious,
these signs would include bleeding, redness, displacement of
tooth and swelling around tooth and gums, any other signs and
symptoms may occur that can indicate the severity of the injury.
For example, patients who experience concussions may feel
dental pain when the tooth is tapped with a dental instrument.
Some teeth such as primary incisors, may change colour after a
concussion.
• Symptoms of subluxation (when a tooth is loosened but not
knocked out of place) may include bleeding around the neck of
the tooth. In many cases, a splint needs to be placed around the
subluxated tooth to help repair the periodontal ligament.
• Teeth that are fractured cause various
symptoms depending on the extent of the
fracture. You could get fractures from having a
head clash in a game of contact sport or even
simply knock to the mouth by a ball. For
example, fractures of the enamel and dentin
may lead to increased sensitivity of tooth to
cold foods or drinks, or to air. Fractures that
go beyond the enamel and dentin and reach
the pulp may cause bleeding around the tooth
or formation of a small red spot.
• The steps used to save a tooth differ depending on the nature of
the injury. Injuries to permanent teeth require quick action to try to
save the tooth. If the tooth is chipped or broken, the patient or the
first aider should collect all the pieces and make sure no part of the
tooth is embedded in the lips, tongue or gums. Rinse the mouth with
warm water and hold a cold compress (icepack) to the injured area for
10 minutes. Call a dentist right away and proceed as suggested.
• If a permanent tooth is partially knocked out, try to gently but
firmly push it back into place. If the tooth is completely knocked out,
pick up the tooth by the crown at the top, not by the root of the tooth.
The tooth should be rinsed (but not scrubbed) in saline (water and
salt) solution or milk, which is chemically similar to a tooth. The tooth
can also be soaked in a cup with the solution.
• If the tooth is rinsed over a sink, make sure to plug up the drain of the sink to prevent the tooth from being lost. Water can be used, but only as a last resort as it contains chlorine that can damage the root of the tooth.
• If possible, gently replace the tooth in the socket in order to preserve it during the trip to the dentist. Then, bite down on a gauze pad until reaching the dentist. If the tooth cannot be replaced in this way, place it in a glass of milk. Patients also can properly preserve the tooth by placing the tooth inside their mouth between the cheek and gum. As a last resort, the tooth can be placed in a mild saltwater solution (1/4 teaspoon of salt to 1 quart of water) or wrapped in tissue.
BOOK:
• PDHPE work book
WEBSITE:
•www.google.com.au1.Teeth first aid2.Tooth injuries
•www.wikipedia.com.au1.Teeth2.First aid