B Y C S E T T L E Y

STUDY UNIT 8

PERCEPTION amp SENSATION

OUTCOMES

bull Be able to

bull - Explain the concepts perception and sensation in

terms of the functioning of the sense organs

bull - Discuss organisation under form perception depth

perception perceptual consistency perception of

movement

bull - Describe the concept Illusion

bull - Describe extra sensory perception (ESP)

bull - Outline 3 main types of ESP

PERCEPTION

bull The process through which we give meaning to the information that our senses receive from the environment

bull It involves the selection organisation and interpretation of stimuli ( Louw amp Edwards pg 11)

bull Example 1 A plane crashes and we both see it happen I see something exciting and my adrenaline rushes YOU see something horrible and sad

bull Example 2 We both see a bee I see a terrifying insect and want to run YOU see a wonderful sign of nature

bull Perception is how your mind takes things in and makes sense of them

SENSATION

bull Stimulation of our senses

bull The process through which our senses gather

information from the environment( Louw amp Edwards

pg 11)

bull Example 1 A burning sensation began in her throat

and she realized she was going to heave

bull Example 2 There was no denying the sensation of

sweat dripping off her body

SENSATION amp PERCEPTION

bull It is not separate processes they are coordinated to give us information which gives meaning and useful information about the ldquoworldrdquo around us

bull Sensations are a raw mechanism that allows us to see hear feel (touch) smell or taste things that surround us

bull Perception is how we interpret what we see hear smell etc Perception is what makes us understand the sensations and integrate them into our psyche

bull Sensations can be defined as the passive process of bringing information from the outside world into the body and to the brain The process is passive in the sense that we do not have to be consciously engaging in a sensing processPerception can be defined as the active process of selecting organizing and interpreting the information brought to the brain by the senses

bull Read more httpwwwalleydogcom101notessampphtmlixzz38HnLXtUz

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTION

- 2nd stage in the perceptual process

- Mentally arrange stimuli

- Meaningful and comprehensible patterns

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull a) Form perception

- Shapes and

patterns

- Figure- Ground

principle

- Example ( Louw amp

Edwards pg 151

bull What do you see

first

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White vas two

dark faces

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White set of legs

Black setof legs

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

OUTCOMES

bull Be able to

bull - Explain the concepts perception and sensation in

terms of the functioning of the sense organs

bull - Discuss organisation under form perception depth

perception perceptual consistency perception of

movement

bull - Describe the concept Illusion

bull - Describe extra sensory perception (ESP)

bull - Outline 3 main types of ESP

PERCEPTION

bull The process through which we give meaning to the information that our senses receive from the environment

bull It involves the selection organisation and interpretation of stimuli ( Louw amp Edwards pg 11)

bull Example 1 A plane crashes and we both see it happen I see something exciting and my adrenaline rushes YOU see something horrible and sad

bull Example 2 We both see a bee I see a terrifying insect and want to run YOU see a wonderful sign of nature

bull Perception is how your mind takes things in and makes sense of them

SENSATION

bull Stimulation of our senses

bull The process through which our senses gather

information from the environment( Louw amp Edwards

pg 11)

bull Example 1 A burning sensation began in her throat

and she realized she was going to heave

bull Example 2 There was no denying the sensation of

sweat dripping off her body

SENSATION amp PERCEPTION

bull It is not separate processes they are coordinated to give us information which gives meaning and useful information about the ldquoworldrdquo around us

bull Sensations are a raw mechanism that allows us to see hear feel (touch) smell or taste things that surround us

bull Perception is how we interpret what we see hear smell etc Perception is what makes us understand the sensations and integrate them into our psyche

bull Sensations can be defined as the passive process of bringing information from the outside world into the body and to the brain The process is passive in the sense that we do not have to be consciously engaging in a sensing processPerception can be defined as the active process of selecting organizing and interpreting the information brought to the brain by the senses

bull Read more httpwwwalleydogcom101notessampphtmlixzz38HnLXtUz

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTION

- 2nd stage in the perceptual process

- Mentally arrange stimuli

- Meaningful and comprehensible patterns

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull a) Form perception

- Shapes and

patterns

- Figure- Ground

principle

- Example ( Louw amp

Edwards pg 151

bull What do you see

first

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White vas two

dark faces

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White set of legs

Black setof legs

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

PERCEPTION

bull The process through which we give meaning to the information that our senses receive from the environment

bull It involves the selection organisation and interpretation of stimuli ( Louw amp Edwards pg 11)

bull Example 1 A plane crashes and we both see it happen I see something exciting and my adrenaline rushes YOU see something horrible and sad

bull Example 2 We both see a bee I see a terrifying insect and want to run YOU see a wonderful sign of nature

bull Perception is how your mind takes things in and makes sense of them

SENSATION

bull Stimulation of our senses

bull The process through which our senses gather

information from the environment( Louw amp Edwards

pg 11)

bull Example 1 A burning sensation began in her throat

and she realized she was going to heave

bull Example 2 There was no denying the sensation of

sweat dripping off her body

SENSATION amp PERCEPTION

bull It is not separate processes they are coordinated to give us information which gives meaning and useful information about the ldquoworldrdquo around us

bull Sensations are a raw mechanism that allows us to see hear feel (touch) smell or taste things that surround us

bull Perception is how we interpret what we see hear smell etc Perception is what makes us understand the sensations and integrate them into our psyche

bull Sensations can be defined as the passive process of bringing information from the outside world into the body and to the brain The process is passive in the sense that we do not have to be consciously engaging in a sensing processPerception can be defined as the active process of selecting organizing and interpreting the information brought to the brain by the senses

bull Read more httpwwwalleydogcom101notessampphtmlixzz38HnLXtUz

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTION

- 2nd stage in the perceptual process

- Mentally arrange stimuli

- Meaningful and comprehensible patterns

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull a) Form perception

- Shapes and

patterns

- Figure- Ground

principle

- Example ( Louw amp

Edwards pg 151

bull What do you see

first

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White vas two

dark faces

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White set of legs

Black setof legs

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

SENSATION

bull Stimulation of our senses

bull The process through which our senses gather

information from the environment( Louw amp Edwards

pg 11)

bull Example 1 A burning sensation began in her throat

and she realized she was going to heave

bull Example 2 There was no denying the sensation of

sweat dripping off her body

SENSATION amp PERCEPTION

bull It is not separate processes they are coordinated to give us information which gives meaning and useful information about the ldquoworldrdquo around us

bull Sensations are a raw mechanism that allows us to see hear feel (touch) smell or taste things that surround us

bull Perception is how we interpret what we see hear smell etc Perception is what makes us understand the sensations and integrate them into our psyche

bull Sensations can be defined as the passive process of bringing information from the outside world into the body and to the brain The process is passive in the sense that we do not have to be consciously engaging in a sensing processPerception can be defined as the active process of selecting organizing and interpreting the information brought to the brain by the senses

bull Read more httpwwwalleydogcom101notessampphtmlixzz38HnLXtUz

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTION

- 2nd stage in the perceptual process

- Mentally arrange stimuli

- Meaningful and comprehensible patterns

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull a) Form perception

- Shapes and

patterns

- Figure- Ground

principle

- Example ( Louw amp

Edwards pg 151

bull What do you see

first

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White vas two

dark faces

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White set of legs

Black setof legs

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

SENSATION amp PERCEPTION

bull It is not separate processes they are coordinated to give us information which gives meaning and useful information about the ldquoworldrdquo around us

bull Sensations are a raw mechanism that allows us to see hear feel (touch) smell or taste things that surround us

bull Perception is how we interpret what we see hear smell etc Perception is what makes us understand the sensations and integrate them into our psyche

bull Sensations can be defined as the passive process of bringing information from the outside world into the body and to the brain The process is passive in the sense that we do not have to be consciously engaging in a sensing processPerception can be defined as the active process of selecting organizing and interpreting the information brought to the brain by the senses

bull Read more httpwwwalleydogcom101notessampphtmlixzz38HnLXtUz

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTION

- 2nd stage in the perceptual process

- Mentally arrange stimuli

- Meaningful and comprehensible patterns

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull a) Form perception

- Shapes and

patterns

- Figure- Ground

principle

- Example ( Louw amp

Edwards pg 151

bull What do you see

first

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White vas two

dark faces

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White set of legs

Black setof legs

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTION

- 2nd stage in the perceptual process

- Mentally arrange stimuli

- Meaningful and comprehensible patterns

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull a) Form perception

- Shapes and

patterns

- Figure- Ground

principle

- Example ( Louw amp

Edwards pg 151

bull What do you see

first

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White vas two

dark faces

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White set of legs

Black setof legs

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull a) Form perception

- Shapes and

patterns

- Figure- Ground

principle

- Example ( Louw amp

Edwards pg 151

bull What do you see

first

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White vas two

dark faces

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White set of legs

Black setof legs

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White vas two

dark faces

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White set of legs

Black setof legs

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

White set of legs

Black setof legs

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

FIGURE- GROUND REVERSAL

bull A man playing an

instrument

bull The face of a lady

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

FORM PERCEPTION CONTINUED( LOUW amp EDWARDS PG 151)

bull Gestalt

psychologists

research

bull German

psychologists

bull Formed 5 principles

bull Also called Gestalt

5 laws

bull 1) Proximity

bull 2) Closure

bull 3) Similarity

bull 4) Continuity

bull 5) Simultaneous

Movements

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 1) Proximity

bull - refers to how close subjects are

bull - visual field grouped together

II II II

Three sets of two not 6 lines

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 2) Closure

bull - incomplete figures

bull - perceived as complete figures

bull - we tend to order our experience in a

manner that is regular orderly

symmetric and simple

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

Closure

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull 3) Similarity- Similar elements

- Grouped together

- This similarity can occur in the form of shape colour

shading or other qualities

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

similarity similarity

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Continuitybull - broken figures

bull - organised to appear continuous and flowing

bull - where there is an intersection between objects

individuals tend to perceive the two objects as two

single uninterrupted entities

bull - Stimuli remain distinct even with overlap We are

less likely to group elements with sharp abrupt

directional changes as being one object

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

GESTALT 5 LAWS CONTINUED

bull Simultaneous Movementbull - elements that move together

bull - perceived as one unit

bull - eg birds flying together

are seen as a flock

not as individual birds

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull b) Perceptual Consistency

bull Consists of

bull 1) Size constancy bull - when an object looks the same at any distance

bull - perceived size amp distance

bull 2) Shape constancybull - size and shape constancy is important so that you will not see you

lovers lips - getting larger and larger as heshe is about to kiss you

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull This scene depicts a larger man chasing a smaller man Or does it

bull The two men are absolutely identical

bull What you see is not always what you perceive

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

SIZE CONSTANCY

bull According to optical principles for the same object the size of the image on the retina changes as the distance from the object to the observer changes The greater the distance the smaller the image is sensed by the retina When someone is observing an object although the distance of observation is different the perceptional size is similar to the actual size However sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions Size constancy is related to distance experience and environmen

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

SHAPE CONSTANCY

bull Objects viewed from different angles will produce different shapes on our retinas but we know that the shape of the object remains constant

bull Take a look at the doors above The one to the left looks like a rectangle The one in the middle is shaped like a parallelogram

bull The shape looks different in our retinas but our mind maintains that the shape of the door remains a rectangle

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

bull c) Depth Perception pg 154

bull - how far or near things are

bull - is the visual ability to perceive the world in three

dimensions (3D)

bull arises from a variety of depth cues

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES

DEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154

BINOCULAR CUES

bull Both eyes determinedbull Convergencebull - When someone uses both eyes

to focus on the same object their eyes converge The convergence then stretches the extraocular muscles and sensations from the extraocularmuscles help with depth and distance perception

bull Retinal disparitybull - Retinal disparity simply means

that each eye receives a slightly different image due to the different angle from which each eye views an object

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLESDEPTH PERCEPTION PG 154- 155

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

ORGANISATION IN PERCEPTIONORGANISATIONAL PRINCIPLES PG 156

bull c) Perception of

Movement pg 156

bull Signals that make

the eyes turn

bull 1) speed

adaptation

bull 2) apparent

movement

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

ILLUSIONS PG 157

bull Deceiving by producing a false or misleading

impression of reality

bull The state or condition of being deceived

bull Misapprehension

bull In Psychology- a perception as of visual stimuli

(optical illusion) that represents what is perceived in

a way different from the way it is in reality

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

ILLUSIONS PG 157

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) SEE STORY OF PILOT P 166

bull 3 types

bull 1) Telepathy - perceiving another

personrsquos thoughts directly

bull 2) Clairvoyance - perceiving objects and events

that lie outside the reach of the senses such as the

content of a sealed envelope

bull 3) Pre cognition ndash perceiving future events

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

PSYCHOKINESIS

bull The direct influence of the mind on the physical

world eg the moving of tables and chairs

bull Controversy

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

WHY ARE PEOPLE SCEPTIC REASONS FOR SCEPTICISM

bull Rarely able to prove the ESP under controlled scientific conditions

bull Several experiments with ldquoprestigerdquo (important) has later proved to have many methodological flaws

bull History of ESP is full of cases of fraud and was proven as such

bull Where ESP can be of great value it rarely helps- solving crimes

bull James Randi ndash a Magician offered a very large reward 20 years ago for anybody to perform these claims on stage He proved them all fake the reward still stands

bull ESP can be pure chance when you dream about numbers and win It does not state how many times you have dreamt before and never won anything

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

THE END

THANK YOU

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4

REFERENCES

bull Source Citation (MLA 7th Edition)

bull Depth Perception The Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology Ed Bonnie Strickland 2nd ed Detroit Gale 2001 177 Gale Virtual Reference Library Web 24 July 2014

bull httpgogalegroupcompsidoid=GALE7CCX3406000183ampv=21ampu=morenetuomcolumampit=rampp=GVRLampsw=wampasid=4486e577b7a9bbb534e9ba4909d04112

bull Teaching and Developing online Blog Author Darren Cannell Retrieved on 18 August 2014 Available at httpblogdarrencannellcom2009_02_01_archivehtml

bull httpyoutubeaxW3IjULZv4