NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS

VISITH DANTANARAYANA

INTRODUCTION

• NOSOCOMIAL HAS A GREEK ORIGIN.

• THE WORD ‘NOCUS’ MEANS DISESEASE AND THE WORD ‘KONEUS’ MEANS TO TAKE CARE OF,

• TO SIMPLY PUT A NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION IS HOSPITAL ACQUIRED DISESASE.

SOURCES OF INFECTION

EITHER EXOGENOUS : 1. VISITORS2. INSECTS3. EQUIPMENT USED FOR INVASIVE SURGICAL

PROCEDURES.ENDOGENOUS SOURCES :THE NORMAL MICROFLORA…OPPORTUNISTIC BACTERIA.

SOURCES OF INFECTION

CAUSATIVE FACTORS

• THEY ARE MOSTLY BACTERIAL OR FUNGAL AGENTS, THAT PREY ON THE SUSCEPTIBLE VICTIMS.

• STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS• PSEUDOMONAS SPP.• ESCHERICHIA COLI

STATISTICS

STATISTICS OF MRSA(METHICILIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS)

METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

• SOMETIMES REFERRED TO AS THE OXYCILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IS THE APTLY NAMED SUPERBUG.

• THEIR EVOLUTION DOESN’T MAKE THEM MORE VIRULENT BUT DANGEROUS BECAUSE OF THEIR MULTI-DRUG RESISTANCE.

BETA LACTAM DRUGS: PENICILLIN, METHICILLIN,OXACILLINS, NAFCILLIN AND EVEN CEPHALOSPORINS

LATEST CLASSIFICATION

PEOPLE AT RISK• PEOPLE WHO ARE FREQUENTLY IN CROWDED PLACES, ESPECIALLY WITH SHARED

EQUIPMENT AND SKIN-TO-SKIN CONTACT• PEOPLE WITH WEAK IMMUNE SYSTEMS (HIV/AIDS, LUPUS,

OR CANCER SUFFERERS; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS, SEVERE ASTHMATICS, ETC.)• DIABETICS• INTRAVENOUS DRUG USERS• USERS OF QUINOLONE ANTIBIOTICS• THE ELDERLY• COLLEGE STUDENTS LIVING IN DORMITORIES• WOMEN WITH FREQUENT URINARY TRACT OR KIDNEY INFECTIONS DUE TO INFECTIONS IN

THE BLADDER• PEOPLE STAYING OR WORKING IN A HEALTH CARE FACILITY FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD OF

TIME• PEOPLE WHO SPEND TIME IN COASTAL WATERS WHERE MRSA IS PRESENT, SUCH AS

SOME BEACHES IN FLORIDA AND THE WEST COAST OF THE UNITED STATES• PEOPLE WHO SPEND TIME IN CONFINED SPACES WITH OTHER PEOPLE, INCLUDING

OCCUPANTS OF HOMELESS SHELTERS AND WARMING CENTERS, PRISON INMATES, MILITARY RECRUITS IN BASIC TRAINING AND INDIVIDUALS WHO SPEND CONSIDERABLE TIME IN CHANGING ROOMS OR GYMS

• VETERINARIANS, LIVESTOCK HANDLERS, AND PET OWNERS• EXTENDED STAY IN THE HOSPITAL

EPIDERMIDIS

TREATMENT

THANK YOU