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A presentation about the Human Nasal Cavity. This slides were made for an oral report in partial fulfillment of the requirements in PH 121: Anatomy Lecture but was never presented due to time constraints.May you find it useful.
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Property of M.J Caños. (No to Plagiarism) 1
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The Nasal Cavity
Prepared by: Mary Jane CañosUniversity of the Philippines VisayasCollege of Arts and Sciences
2/24/2014
Property of M.J Caños. (No to Plagiarism) 2
DID YOU KNOW THAT?
That the nasal septum doesn’t necessarily lies in the midline?
In fact, the Nasal Septum rarely lies in the midline; thus resulting in the increase in size of the other half of the nasal cavity compared to its other half.
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Nasal Cavity- Extends from the nostrils in front to the choanae (posterior nasal apertures) behind, where the nose opens into the nasopharynx
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Nasal Vestibule- Area of the nasal cavity lying just inside the nostril
Nasal Septum-Divides the nasal cavity into left and right halves- made up of septal cartilage which is the vertical plate of ethmoid and vomer
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Walls of the Nasal Cavity- Each half of the nasal cavity has a floor, a roof, a lateral wall and a medial or septal wall
FLOOR- The palatine process of maxilla and the horizontal plate of the palatine bone
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Roof- Is narrow and is formed anteriorly beneath the bridge of the nose by the nasal and frontal bones and in the middle by the cribiform plate of the ethmoid
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LATERAL WALL-Comprised of 3 bone projections namely: the superior, middle and inferior nasal conchae
MEATUS- specific space below each concha
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Sphenoethmoidal Recess-A small area above the the Superior concha
Superior Meatus-Lies below the superior concha-receives the openings of the posterior ethmoid sinuses
-Middle Meatus- lies below the Middle concha
-Bulla ethmoidalis- located in the Middle concha which is a rounded swelling formed by the middle ethmoidal air sinuses
-Hiatus Semilunaris- a curved opening that lies just below the bulla
-Infundibulum- a funnel shaped channel located at the anterior end of the Hiatus Semilunaris; continuous with the Frontal sinus
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Maxillary Sinus- opens into the Middle meatus through the Hiatus Semilunaris
Inferior Meatus- Below the inferior concha and receives the opening of the lower end of the nasolacrimal duct
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MEDIAL WALL-Formed by the Nasal Septum
UPPER PART- formed by the vertical plate of ethmoid and vomerANTERIOR PART- formed by septal cartilage
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Mucous Membrane of the nasal cavity
Vestibule- lined with modified skin and has coarse hairs
Area above the SUPERIOR CONCHA- lined with olfactory mucous membrane and contains nerve endings sensitive to the reception of smell
Lower part of the Nasal Cavity- lined with respiratory mucous membrane
Respiratory region- Large plexus veins in the submucous connective tissue
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Warm Blood and Mucous
Warm Blood-Heats up the inspired air
Mucous- Traps foreign particles and organisms in the inspired air
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Nerve Supply
-OLFACTORY NERVES from the olfactory mucous membrane that ascends thru the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone to the Olfactory bulb
- Nerves of Ordinary Sensation which are branches of the Opthalamic (VI) and Maxillary div. (V2) of the Trigeminal nerve
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Blood Supply-From branches of MAXILLARY ARTERY (one of the terminal branches of the external carotid artery)
- SPHLENOPALATINE ARTERY
- Submucous venous plexus is drained by the veins that accompanies the arteries
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Lymph Drainage
-lymph vessels draining:
•VESTIBULE END in the submandibular nodes
•Remainder of the nasal cavity that pass the upper deep cervical nodes
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Paranasal Sinuses-Cavities found in the interior of the maxilla, frontal, sphenoid and ethmoid bones
- lined with a mucoperiosteum and filled with air
- communicates with the nasal cavity through relatively small apertures
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Drainage of Mucous- Achieved by: ciliary action of the columnar cells & siphon action created by the blowing of the nose
FunctionThe paranasal sinuses serve as: resonators to the voice & reduces weight of the skull
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Generalization:The Nasal Cavity:
1. Has openings for the paranasal sinuses
2. Has a vestibule which contains the Olfactory epithelium
3. Connected to the pharynx by the Nares
4. Has passageways called conchae
5. Lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium
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Examination of the Nasal cavity
-By inserting a speculum through the External Nares
-By means of a mirror in the pharynx
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Trauma of the Nose-Fractures involving the nasal bones are common
•Frontal blows- results to inward or downward displacement of nasal bones (esp. nasal septum)
•Lateral fracture- results to inward or outward displacement of the nasal bones
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Infection of the Nasal cavity
-Infections can spread to a variety of direction
-Paranasal cavity- especially prone to infection
- may produce Meningitis
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Foreign Bodies in Nose- Impaction and retention of the foreign bodies are made easy by the presence of the nasal septum and conchae
Nose BleedingEPISTAXIS- bleeding from nose; most commonly caused by nosepicking
-Occurs mostly on the anteroinferior portion of the septum
-Involves the septal branches of the sphlenopalatine and facial vessels
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Median Nasal furrow
- The nasal septum is split, separating the 2 halves of the nose
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Lateral Probosis
- A skin- covered process develops, usually with a dimple at its lower end
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Guyton, Arthur C. & Hall, John E. Textbook of Medical Physiology. 11th Ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: ELSEVIER SAUNDER, 2006.print
Tortora, Gerard J. & Derrickson, Bryan. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. 12th Ed. 111 River Street, Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2009.print
Sources:
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