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INFARK MIOKARD DAN RESIKO STROKE PADA LAKI-LAKI MUDA SEHAT YANG DIOBATI DENGAN SUNTIK TESTOSTERON Robert S. Tan,1,2,3,4,5 Kelly R. Cook,1 and William G. Reilly1 PEMBIMBING dr. Nurtakdir Setiawan, Sp S

Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

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Page 1: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

INFARK MIOKARD DAN RESIKO STROKE PADA LAKI-LAKI MUDA SEHAT YANG

DIOBATI DENGAN SUNTIK TESTOSTERON

Robert S. Tan,1,2,3,4,5 Kelly R. Cook,1 and William G. Reilly1

PEMBIMBING

dr. Nurtakdir Setiawan, Sp S

Page 2: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Pada tahun lalu, kekhawatiran telah dikemukakan

Dua ulasan jurnal yang sama

Berhubungan dengan infark miokard (MI) dan stroke pada pemberian terapi sulih testosteron (TRT) yang

digunakan oleh laki-laki

Kebingungan Besar pasien dan dokter

Page 3: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Artikel Pertama Dengan Vigen et al

Awalnya penulis mengeluarkan 1132 laki-laki dari analisis yang telah menerima resep testosteron

setelah mengalami suatu peristiwa (MI atau stroke)

Ralat pada 2014

Jumlah pasien yang dikeluarkan seharusnya 128, bukan 1132

tingkat kesalahan 89%

Di antara kelompok asli 1132 individu yang dikeluarkan, 100

pasien pada kenyataannya perempuan, bukan laki-laki.

Page 4: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Artikel oleh Finkle et al (2014)

Penulis membandingkan nonfatal MI antara laki-laki yang diresepkan testosteron dibandingkan inhibitor

PDE5 (PDE5Is) untuk pengobatan hipogonadisme

kadar testosteron laki-laki yang diberikan PDE tidak

diketahui, baik di awal atau setelah pengobatan

Membandingkan sekelompok orang dengan rendah

testosteron yang mungkin tidak menerima pengobatan

yang cukup untuk hipogonadisme terhadap laki-

laki dengan tidak diketahui tetapi diduga kadar

testosteron rata-rata.

Dua kelompok perlakuan tidak sebanding

Page 5: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Pelepasan ulasan dua artikel ini mendorong Low T Center Amerika Serikat memulai program

manajemen mutu internal

Menentukan apakah pasien mempunyai risiko yang lebih tinggi terkena MI atau stroke setelah memulai

pengobatan testosteron????

Page 6: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

TUJUAN

Menguji hubungan antara terapi testosteron dan infark miokard baru (MI)

dan peristiwa stroke pada serangkaian pasien yang dirawat di Low T center di

seluruh Amerika Serikat terutama laki-laki muda sehat

Page 7: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Insiden MI (Infark Miokard) dan peristiwa stroke dibandingkan pada

masyarakat berdasarkan tempat pendaftaran

Catatan medis elektronik yang ditanyakan antara tahun 1 oktober 2009 dan 15 maret 2014 untuk mengidentifikasi pasien yang

didiagnosis dengan hipogonadisme, MI, dan stroke

Page 8: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

19.968 memenuhi kriteria kelayakan untuk menerima

pengobatan testosteron

39.936 pasien direkrut dari 40 Low T Center di seluruh Amerika Serikat

Page 9: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

KRITERIA INKLUSI

• Rekam medis semua pasien laki-laki dievaluasi Low T Center antara 1 Oktober 2009 dan 15 Maret 2014

• Pasien hipogonadisme jumlah testosteron <350 ng / dL atau testosteron bebas <10 ng / Ml

• Jenis kelamin laki-laki

• Usia ≥ 20 tahun

• Riwayat setidaknya satu kunjungan ke Low T Center, apakah pengobatan diterima atau tidak.

Page 10: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Pasien Hipogonadisme

Jumlah testosteron <350 ng / dl atau testosteron bebas <10 ng / ml

Kanker prostat

Polisitemia

Apnea tidur obstruktif parah

Kanker payudara

(LUTS) berat yang tidak diobati

19.968 dari 40.000 (50%)Tidak memenuhi syarat

KON

TRAI

NDI

KASI

Page 11: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Memenuhi syarat Menjalani pengawasan

Pengobatan injeksi kerja pendek

Dibutuhkan mengunjungi klinik setiap satu

sampai dua minggu

Selama kunjungan Tekanan darah

TestosteronKadar estradiol

Dipantau secara ketat

Page 12: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Kadar estradiol diukur electrochemiluminescence

immunoassay (ECLIA) melalui Lab Corp

Tes testosteron dilakukan terutama oleh Qualigen

Fast Pack IP TestoImmunoassay immunoassay

chemiluminescent untuk in vitro kuantitatif penentuan jumlah testosteron dalam

serum manusia

Page 13: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt
Page 14: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt
Page 15: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

• Retrospektif• Kohort

Analisis Statistik

Chi-squaredT-Test

Analisis SPSS dan SYSTAT

Perbedaan p <0,05

SIGNIFIKAN secara statistik

Page 16: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

TABLE 1: INCIDENCE RATE OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (MI) FROM VARIOUS REGISTRIES (PER 100,000 PERSONS)

STUDY RATE COMMENT

United States National Hospital Discharge Survey,

2002242 26-year study and noted case fatality rates

decreased over time

New York State Registry (1996–2008) 71.6 13-year study and noted decrease mortality

with time

Marshfield,Wisconsin, Epidemiology Study, 2002 292.4 6-year study of MI rates in stable population in

WI

Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, 2013 37.9 Rates of MI were compared before & after the

Tsunami

Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, 2008 208

The average of rates of MI from the 4 US registries approximates that ofKaiser at 203 per 100,000

Low T Centers, United States, 2014 30.0 Patients received testosterone injections

Page 17: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Low T Center

Kaiser MI Red

Nman. Stroke reg

0 50 100 150 200 250

30

208

0

10

93

Stroke MI

SUMMARY OF CARDIAC EVENTS IN LOW TESTOSTERONE (T) CENTERS AND COMPARISON REGISTRIES (PER 100,000 PERSONS)

Rate/100,000

Page 18: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Low T Center

Selected Community Registries

Incidence Rate Ratio

(IRR)

Confidence Interval, P

Value

30/19,968 treated patients

208/821,725 0.14

hospitalizations (Kaiser

0.14 0.08 to 0.18, P < 0.0001Myocardial

Infraction

Stroke10/19,968

treated patients

93/117,000 residents (NMan.)

0.107 0.02 to 0.13, P < 0.0001

IRR is defined as relative difference measure used to compare incidence rates of events

SUMMARY OF CARDIAC EVENTS IN LOW TESTOSTERONE (T) CENTERS AND COMPARISON REGISTRIES (PER 100,000 PERSONS)

Page 19: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Rasio tingkat kejadian (IRR) untuk MI (Infark Miokard)

pada pasien yang diobati dengan testosteron (T)

dibandingkan pasien yang tidak diobati dengan

testosteron

0,14 (CI = 0,08-0,18, 𝑃 <0,0001)

Rasio tingkat kejadian (IRR) untuk stroke

pada pasien yang diobati dengan testosteron (T)

dibandingkan pasien yang tidak diobati dengan

testosteron

0,11 (C.I. = 0,02-0,13, 𝑃<0,0001)

Page 20: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

TABLE 2: CHARACTERISTICS OF LOW TESTOSTERONE (T) CENTER PATIENTS IN COMPARISON TO CONTROLS

FROM OTHER REGISTRY POPULATIONS.Low T Centers

Kaiser Permane

nte

Northern Manhattan Registry

Comments

Male (%) 100 62 45

<55 years (%) 87 Not reported 74 Kaiser reported age as 69 ―

>56 years (%) 13 Not reported 26 3% Low T > 65

White (%) Not reported 67 22 Low T Centers did not collect ethnicity data

Black (%) Not reported 7 13

Hispanic (%) Not reported 9 64

Asian and others (%) Not reported 17 1

Page 21: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Hypertension (%) 15 76 Not reportedN Manhattan registry has high percentage of minorities which will imply higher rates of HTN

DM (%) 4 32 Not reportedN Manhattan registry has high percentage of minorities which will imply higher rates of DM

Hyperlipidemia (%) 12 80 Not reportedN Manhattan registry has high percentage of minorities which will imply higher rates of HLD

Low T Centers

Kaiser Permane

nte

Northern Manhattan Registry

Comments

TABLE 2: CHARACTERISTICS OF LOW TESTOSTERONE (T) CENTER PATIENTS IN COMPARISON TO CONTROLS

FROM OTHER REGISTRY POPULATIONS.

Page 22: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

TABLE 3: CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDY POPULATION FROM LOW TESTOSTERONE (T) CENTERS

N PERCENT

Patients on testosterone therapy

19,968 100 %

Gender

All male 19,968 100%

Age

>55 years 3,833 19.2%

45–54 years 7,008 35.1%

35–44 years 6,829 34.2%

<34 years 2,296 11.5%

Prevalence of DM 798 4%

Prevalence of HTN 2,995 15%

Prevalence of HLD 2,396 12%

Mean age (years) 46.10 N/A

Page 23: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Drug

Testosterone cypionate 18,742 93.8%

AndroGel 540 2.7%

Testim 326 1.6%

Fortesta 47 0.2%

Axiron 230 1%

Striant 9 0.04%

Others 74 0.66%

Hematocrit >52% 13,178 66%

Hematocrit ≤52% 8,785 44%

TABLE 3: CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDY POPULATION FROM LOW TESTOSTERONE (T) CENTERS

N PERCENT

Page 24: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

Time of exposure to testosterone

(months)24.7 0–60 month

Total testosterone level ontreatment (ng/dL) 543 (SEM = 1.53) 50–1600

Calculated free testosterone on treatment (ng/mL) 13.08 (SEM = 0.48) 3.29–28.2

Estradiol level while ontreatment (pg/dL) 31.1 6.4–453

PSA while on treatment (ng/mL) 1.22 0.02–109

MEAN RANGE

TABLE 3: CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDY POPULATION FROM LOW TESTOSTERONE (T) CENTERS

Page 25: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt
Page 26: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

• Dari 6 kasus dengan MI, hematokrit rata-rata adalah 48,97

• Hematokrit awal rata-rata adalah 46,65 dengan perubahan rata-rata 2,32. Dengan rata-rata perubahan 2,5 Tidak tampak menjadi asosiasi

Page 27: Myocardial infarction and stroke risk in young healthy men treated with injectable testosterone ppt

KESIMPULAN1. Low T Center menunjukkan bahwa, dalam daftar pasien

testosteron suntik, testosteron umumnya aman untuk laki-laki muda yang tidak memiliki faktor risiko yang signifikan.

________________________________________________2. Pasien yang berkembang menjadi MI (Infark Miokard)

dengan testosteron, tidak ada hubungan dengan testosteron atau kadar hematokrit.

________________________________________________