Brain  damage  to  a  specific  area  and  you  cant  talk?  Maybe  that  area  controlled  speech?  

From  last  lesson…..  Question  1  Which  one  of  the  following  is  not  a  right  hemisphere  function?  A.  creating  a  poem  B.  completing  a  jigsaw  puzzle  C.  feeling  sensations  on  the  left  side  of  the  body  D.  admiring  artwork  

Question  2  The  specialisation  of  the  function  of  each  of  the  cerebral  hemispheres  is  referred  to  

as  A.  lateralisation  of  functioning.  B.  verbal  functioning.  C.  nonverbal  functioning.  D.  sensory  functioning.  

From  last  lesson…..  Question  1  Which  one  of  the  following  is  not  a  right  hemisphere  function?  A.   creating  a  poem  B.  completing  a  jigsaw  puzzle  C.  feeling  sensations  on  the  left  side  of  the  body  D.  admiring  artwork  

Question  2  The  specialisation  of  the  function  of  each  of  the  cerebral  hemispheres  is  referred  to  

as  A.   lateralisation  of  functioning.  B.  verbal  functioning.  C.  nonverbal  functioning.  D.  sensory  functioning.  

This  lesson  •   Explain  the  different  roles  of  Broca’s  area  and  Wernicke’s  area  

•   Explain  studies  of  aphasia  including  Broca’s  aphasia  and  Wernicke’s  aphasia  

•   Explain  the  contribution  of  aphasia  studies  to  our  current  understanding  of  brain  functioning  

Language  Centres  –  Le6  Hemisphere  

Broca’s  Area  –  speech  

production  

Wernicke’s  Area  –  speech  comprehension  

Broca’s  Area   Broca’s  Area    Located  in  the  frontal  lobe  of  the  LEFT          hemisphere  only  

 Production  of  articulate  speech,  clear  and  fluent   Moves  the  muscles  that  are  required  to  speak    Involved  in  analysing  the  grammatical  structure  of  sentences,  helps  us  extract  meaning  from  language  

Broca’s  Aphasia   Damage  to  broca’s  area  

 Broca’s  aphasia  (non  fluent  aphasia)  =  Trouble  with  speech  production,  speech  consists  of  very  short  and  simple  sentences,  mainly  verbs  and  nouns  

 Reading  and  writing  not  as  effected  (can  be  in  some  cases  though)  

 Deaf  people  can  sometimes  have  difficulty  signing  if  broca’s  effected.  Although  this  depends  on  whether  they  were  deaf  from  birth…..    

Test  for  Broca’s  Aphasia  

‘stool,  is  it  boy,  is  it  that  landing  down,  girl  is  laughing,  and  cookie  jar……….ok  um…..window….curtains  and  out  the  garden  and  trees  low  grass  and  um  lady  washing  the  dishes  and  hot  and  cold  water….plashing  running,  floor  ,  and  the  two  cups  of  a,  two  cups  of  ah,  two  cups  of  ah,  coffee  or  um….empty  um……..cupboard  and  cupboards  …..um……washing…..flashing  and  um  earth  to  roof’  

Wernicke’s  Area    Located  in  the  temporal  lobe  of  the  left            hemisphere  only,  next  to  the  primary            auditory  cortex    Involved  in  the  Interpretation  of  speech,            referred  to  as  the  language  comprehension  center   Vital  for  locating  appropriate  words  from  memory  to  express  meaning  

Wernicke’s  Aphasia  

 Damage  to  Wernike’s  area  

 Wernicke’s  aphasia  (fluent  aphasia)  =  Trouble  with  speech  comprehension.  Also  cant  produce  meaningful  sentences,  can  string  words  together  but  what  they  say  is  nonsensical.  

Test  for  Wernicke’s  Aphasia  

‘Mother  is  away  here  working  her  work  to  get  her  better,  but  when  she’s  looking  the  two  boys  looking  in  the  other  part.  She’s  working  another  time.’  

Right  hemisphere  and  language?   Patients  with  left  hemisphere  damage  can  sometimes  still  use  emotive  words  and  swear!  

 Emotion  more  a  right  hemisphere  function  

 Also  sometimes  can  sing  what  they  cant  speak!   Music  more  a  right  hemisphere  function