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Chapter EightChapter EightTaking Control of Alcohol Taking Control of Alcohol

UseUse


Alcohol Use PatternsAlcohol Use Patterns

AbstainersAbstainers – don’t drink – don’t drink Infrequent drinkersInfrequent drinkers – once a month – once a month

(small amounts)(small amounts) Light drinkersLight drinkers – once a month to 3-4 – once a month to 3-4

times a monthtimes a month Moderate drinkersModerate drinkers – once a week – once a week

85-90% of college students drink


Alcohol Use Patterns (cont’d)Alcohol Use Patterns (cont’d)

Moderate/heavy drinkersModerate/heavy drinkers – drink once – drink once a week, medium amountsa week, medium amounts

Heavy drinkers Heavy drinkers – drink once a week, – drink once a week, large amountslarge amounts

Binge drinkers Binge drinkers – consume 5 drinks in – consume 5 drinks in one sitting (i.e.weekend drinker)one sitting (i.e.weekend drinker)


Negative consequences of alcohol use as Negative consequences of alcohol use as reported by college studentsreported by college students


Nature of Alcoholic BeveragesNature of Alcoholic Beverages

Consumable form of alcohol – Consumable form of alcohol – ethylethyl Fermentation:Fermentation: process where sugars process where sugars

are converted into alcohol by yeastare converted into alcohol by yeast Proof:Proof: alcohol concentration that is alcohol concentration that is

twice the percentagetwice the percentage

Alcohol is a depressantAlcohol is a depressant


Factors that AffectFactors that AffectAlcohol AbsorptionAlcohol Absorption

Strength of the Strength of the beveragebeverage

Number of drinks Number of drinks consumedconsumed

Speed of Speed of consumptionconsumption

Presence of foodPresence of food Body chemistryBody chemistry Race/ EthnicityRace/ Ethnicity GenderGender


Blood Alcohol ConcentrationBlood Alcohol Concentration

Percentage of alcohol in a measured Percentage of alcohol in a measured amount of bloodamount of blood

Measured from exhaled breath or Measured from exhaled breath or blood sampleblood sample


Blood Alcohol Concentration Blood Alcohol Concentration (cont’d)(cont’d)

At .10% = physical impairmentAt .10% = physical impairment At .20% = uncontrollable movementAt .20% = uncontrollable movement At .40% = coma and possible deathAt .40% = coma and possible death


Alcohol RelatedAlcohol RelatedHealth ProblemsHealth Problems


First Aid for Acute Alcohol First Aid for Acute Alcohol IntoxicationIntoxication

The following are The following are considered warning considered warning signs:signs:• Weak, rapid pulseWeak, rapid pulse• Unconscious stupor Unconscious stupor

= shock= shock• Cool and damp skinCool and damp skin• Skin color is bluish Skin color is bluish

or paleor pale• Involuntary Involuntary

regurgitationregurgitation

Treatment:Treatment:• Seek medical Seek medical

assistanceassistance• Lie person on Lie person on

their sidetheir side• Monitor breathing Monitor breathing

and pulse rateand pulse rate• Make sure the Make sure the

head is lower than head is lower than their bodytheir body


Fetal Alcohol SyndromeFetal Alcohol Syndrome

Fetus is exposed to alcohol in a Fetus is exposed to alcohol in a slower manner than an adultslower manner than an adult

Damage results in mental retardationDamage results in mental retardation Low birth weight, facial Low birth weight, facial

abnormalities, widely spaced eyes, abnormalities, widely spaced eyes, and a much smaller head.and a much smaller head.

Full expression rate: 1-3 out of 1000 Full expression rate: 1-3 out of 1000 birthsbirths


Alcohol-Related Social Alcohol-Related Social Problems Problems

AccidentsAccidents Motor vehicle collisionsMotor vehicle collisions FallsFalls DrowningDrowning Fires and BurnsFires and Burns Crime and ViolenceCrime and Violence SuicideSuicide


Organizations that Support Organizations that Support Responsible DrinkingResponsible Drinking

Mothers Against Drunk Drivers Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD)(MADD)

Students Against Destructive Students Against Destructive Decisions (SADD)Decisions (SADD)

BACCHUS and GAMMA Peer BACCHUS and GAMMA Peer Education NetworkEducation Network


Problem Drinking and Problem Drinking and AlcoholismAlcoholism

Problem drinking – alcohol pattern Problem drinking – alcohol pattern where the behavior creates personal where the behavior creates personal difficulties or difficulties for othersdifficulties or difficulties for others

Alcoholism –Alcoholism – chronic disease due to chronic disease due to uncontrolled consumptionuncontrolled consumption

BlackoutBlackout- a temporary state of - a temporary state of amnesia experience by a drinkeramnesia experience by a drinker


Problem Drinking and Problem Drinking and Alcoholism (cont’d)Alcoholism (cont’d)

Co-dependence –Co-dependence – relationships that relationships that support an alcoholicsupport an alcoholic

DenialDenial –– unconscious process of unconscious process of using defense mechanism to avoid using defense mechanism to avoid admitting a problemadmitting a problem

Enabling –Enabling – supporting an alcoholic by supporting an alcoholic by also denying their problemalso denying their problem


Treatment for AlcoholismTreatment for Alcoholism

Rehab centersRehab centers HospitalsHospitals MedicationMedication CounselingCounseling Support groupsSupport groups


Current Alcohol ConcernsCurrent Alcohol Concerns

Adult Children of Alcoholic ParentsAdult Children of Alcoholic Parents Women and AlcoholWomen and Alcohol Alcohol AdvertisingAlcohol Advertising Alcohol Advertising in Ethnic Alcohol Advertising in Ethnic

CommunitiesCommunities


Chapter EightChapter EightTaking Control of Alcohol UseTaking Control of Alcohol Use

Health & Medicine

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