1. Aarti Pandey Bed 2010-2011 Roll no.90 Subject: Science
Topic: Human Digestive System
2. Definitions and Concepts
Organa structure made up of two or more kinds of tissues
organized in such a way that they can together perform a more
complex function than can any tissue alone
Organ systema group of organs arranged in such a way that they
can together perform a more complex function than can any organ
alone
3. Human Digestive System 4. How is food digested?
Digestion involves:
Breaking down of food into smaller pieces
The mixing of food
Movement through the digestive tract
Chemical breakdown of the large molecules of food into smaller
molecules
5. 6. Organs of Digestion and there Functions
Mouth
Teeth bite off and chew food into a soft pulp that is easy to
swallow.
Chewing mixes the food with saliva, from salivary glands around
the mouth and face, to make it moist and easy to swallow.
7. Mouth
Enzymes in the saliva begin digestion of carbohydrates.
8.
Esophagus
The esophagus is a
muscular
tube. It takes food from
the throat and pushes
it down through the neck,
and into the stomach.
It moves food by waves
of muscle contraction called
peristalsis.
9. Stomach
The stomach has thick muscles in its wall. These contract to
mash the food into a water soup called chyme.
The stomach lining produces strong digestive juices.
10. Stomach
These create chemical reactions in the stomach, breaking down
and dissolving its nutrients.
11. Small Intestine
This part of the digestive tract is narrow, but very long -
about 20 feet.
Enzymes continue
the chemical reactions
on the food.
12. Small Intestine
The nutrients are broken down small enough to pass through the
lining of the small intestine, and into the blood (diffusion).
Nutrients are carried away to the liver and other body parts to
be processed, stored and distributed.
13. Large Intestine
Useful substances that were not absorbed in the small
intestine, such as spare water and body minerals, are absorbed
through the walls of the large intestine, back into the blood
The remains are
formed into brown,
semi-solid feces, ready
to be removed from the body
14. Rectum and Anus
The end of the large intestine and the next part of the tract,
the rectum, store the feces.
Feces are finally squeezed through a ring of muscle, the anus,
and out of the body.
15. Pancreas
The pancreas, like the stomach, makes digestive juices called
enzymes which help to digest food further as it enters the small
intestines.
16. Gall Bladder
A small baglike part under
the liver.
It stores a fluid called bile,
which is made in the liver.
As food from a meal enters
the small intestine, bile flows
from the gall bladder along the bile
duct into the intestine.
It helps to digest fatty foods and also contains wastes for
removal.
17. Liver
Blood from the intestines
enters to the liver, carrying
nutrients, vitamins and
minerals, and other products
from digestion.
The liver is like a food-processing
factory with more than 200 different jobs.
It stores some nutrients, changes them from one form to
another, and releases them into the blood according to the
activities and needs of the body.
18. Identify the organs of digestive system 19.
Q.1.Name some organ system in the human
body
Q.2. Name the organs of the digestive
system.
Q.3. Match the following:
Coil like part Part with bulges on theoutside Bag like part
Stomach Small intestine Large intestine shape of
digestiveorgansDigestive system 20. Nasal Passage Bronchiole
Alveoli Pharynx Trachea Bronchi Human Respiratory System Diagram
21. Oxygen Cell Hi I am O 2,you can callme oxygen, and I will be
your guide today.I advise you keep all feetand hands inside the
ride at all times. JH 22. Respiratory Intro You may be asking, what
is the Respiratory system? Well, the Respiratory system is the
system that helps you breath in and out, so oxygen (0 2 ) can be
pumped through your body and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) can be removed
from the blood stream. You must remember that the Respiratory
system is made up of many different organs.JH 23. Where are we?
Here We Go!!! JH Nasal Passage Bronchi Tubes Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries Very thin cells line
the alveoli so that O 2and CO 2can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli. The Trachea is held
open by partial rings of cartilage. Tongue Pharynx 24. Picture
Intro Here is a overview picture of theRespiratory System . Just go
to the next slide to see it. MB 25. Respiratory OverviewPicture MB
Nasal Cavity Nose Mouth Bronchus Bronchiole Alveolus Diaphragm
Throat (pharynx) Windpipe (Trachea) Left lungs Ribs 26. Welcome The
Respiratory System Now we will begin our tour.Welcome to MB 27. The
Nose and Mouth This is where it all begins.This is where
theoxygenfirstenters your body and also whereCarbon Dioxideleaves.
MB 28. The Nose and Mouth When the air comes into yournoseit gets
filtered by tiny hairs and it is moistened by the mucus that is in
your nose.Yoursinusesalso help out with yourRespiratory System .
They help to moisten and heat the air that you breath. Air can also
get into your body through your mouth/oral cavitybut air is not
filtered as much when it enters in through yourmouth .MB 29. Nose
and Mouth Picture Nasal Cavity Nostril Oral Cavity Pharynx Here is
a picture of yournasalandoral cavity . MB 30. The Pharynx and
Trachea Next we will head down to yourpharynx (throat)and
yourtrachea (windpipe) . This is where the air passes from
yournoseto yourbronchi tubesandlungs . MB 31. The Bronchi Tubes and
Bronchiole Thesebronchi tubessplit up, liketree branches, and get
smaller and smaller inside your lungs. The air flows past
yourbronchi tubes and into yourbronchiole . These tubeskeep getting
smaller and smaller until they finally end with small air sacs
(calledalveoli ). But we will go there laterMB 32. The Pharynx and
Trachea Yourpharynx (throat)gathers air after it passesthrough
yournoseand then the air is passed down toyourtrachea (windpipe) .
Yourtracheais held open by incomplete rings of cartilage. Without
these rings yourtracheamight close off and air would not be able to
getto and from yourlungs . MB Pharynx (Throat) Mouth Trachea 33.
The Bronchi Tubes and BronchioleIntro Yourtrachea (windpipe)splits
up intotwobronchi tubes . These two tubes keep splitting up and
form yourbronchiole . MB 34. Alveoli and Bronchi Picture Trachea
Bronchi Tubes Bronchiole Alveoli MB 35. The Alveoli and Capillary
Network Youralveoliare tiny air sacs that fill up with air/oxygen
when youbreath in. Youralveoliare surrounded by many tiny blood
vessels called capillaries .The walls of youralveoli(andcapillaries
) are so thin that theoxygenorcarbon dioxidecanpass through them,
traveling right into, or out of your blood stream. MB 36. Alveoli
Picture Here is a close up picture of yourAlveoli and aCapillary
surrounding it. MB Capillary Red Blood Cell Oxygen is picked up
Carbon Dioxide is dropped off Wall of the air sac 37. Alveolus
Bronchiole Respiratory Bronchiole Alveolar Duct Alveolar Sac
Capillaries Alveolus JH 38. Intro to Diaphragm Now we will look at
theDiaphragm . You might be wondering, what does theDiaphragmdo?
TheDiaphragmis an important factor in breathing.JH 39. Diagram of
Diaphragm JH 40. Experiment Instructions 1 styou need a bottle that
you can sacrifice tocut up.2 ndyou cut the bottom of the bottle and
put a big balloon on the bottom. 3 rdget a rubber cork ( make sure
it blocks the hole)and put a hole through it ( top to bottom).
Insert a thin tube into the cork and place a balloon on the bottom
of the tube. 4 thmake sure the thing is airtight. JH 41. Diaphragm
Experiment Here is an experiment that you can try. JH 42.
