HOMEOSTASISMaintenance of nearly constant Internal Environment

By- Achal Sharma

EXTRACELLULAR FLUID TRANSPORT AND MIXING SYSTEM – BLOOD CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Extracellular Fluid is transported through all parts of the body in two stages:-

STAGE I = Movement of the blood through Blood Vessels.

STAGE II = Movement of fluid between Blood Capillaries and Intercellular Spaces.

REGULATION OF BODY FUNCTIONS

NERVOUS SYSTEM

It is mainly composed of 3 major parts: Sensory Input Portion Central Nervous System Motor Output Portion Sensory Provides Sensory Inputs to the Body to Know about the

location and state of the body. Central Nervous System Comprises of Two Parts- Brain and Spinal

Cord Motor Provides the Output pathway for the Processes made by the

CNS for the Input

HORMONE SYSTEM

There are 8 Major Endocrine Glands that secrete chemical substances known as Hormones.

Hormones are transported in ECF and help to regulate Cellular Activity of the Body.

For instance……Thyroid hormone increase the rate of tempo of the bodily activity; Insulin controls Glucose Metabolism; Adrenocortical maintain the Sodium ion, Potassium ion and Protein metabolism; Parathyroid controls Bone Calcium and Phosphate.

Hormonal System is involved to basically regulate the Metabolic Functions!

PROTECTION OF THE BODY

There are 2 systems that are responsible for the Protection of the Body – A) Immune System B) Integumentary System

A) Immune System – Consists of WBC’s and its Derivatives, Thymus, Lymph Nodes and Vessels. - The Mechanism= Body can distinguish its own cells from foreign cells & Destroy the invaders by Phagocytosis.

B) Integumentary System – Skin and its various appendages like Hairs, Nails, Glands. - It provides a boundary between the Internal and External Environment - Helps in Temperature Regulation and Excretion of Wastes

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