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A brief college level seminar for Herbals in pharma industry... Short n Sweet... Regards...Swapnil M. Sanghavi
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HERBALSIn
Pharmaceutical industry
CONTENTS:-• Why we should include herbs in pharmaceuticals?
• Points to be look over precisely before introducing herbs in pharmaceuticals.
• WHO GUIDELINE – Assessment for modern herbal medicines - A brief outline.
• Regulatory status of herbs OR herbal medicines in US & UK.
• Importance of herbs in pharma industries- Asian perspectives.
• Some herbal preparations - Traditional and modern available in market.
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Why we should include herbs in pharmaceuticals?
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1. HERBS ARE IMPORTANT SOURCE OF LEAD GENERATION:-
DRUG DRUG OF CHOICE IN
ORIGINAL SOURCE
DIGOXIN CCF FLOXGLOVE
COLCHICINE GOUT COLCHICUM SEEDS
QUININE MALARIA CINCHONA
CROMOGLYCATE SODIUM
ASTHMA IN CHILDREN
AMI MAJUS.
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2ND REASON:-
Today,We are living in the era of allopathic
but unfortunately not successful so much yet
that we can develop safer new molecules for diseases like cancer, AIDS, diabetes etc.
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Plant name/family Drugs Treatment
Cathranthus rosesus L. (Apocynaceae) Vinblastine and vincristine
Hodgkins, Lymphosarcomas and children leukemia.
Podophyllum emodi Wall. (Beriberidaceae)
Podophyllotaxin, Testicular cancer, small cell lung cancer and
lymphomas.
Taxus brevifolius (Taxaceae) Paciltaxel, taxotere Ovarian cancer, lung cancer and malignant
melanoma.
Mappia foetida Miers. Comptothecin, lrenoteccan and
topotecan
Lung, ovarian and cervical cancer.
Comptotheca acuminata Quinoline and comptothecin
alkaloids
used in Japan for the treatment of cervical
cancer
Juniperus communis L. (Cupressaceae) Teniposide and etoposie
Lung cancer
3rd reason:-Market potential of phytomedicine
Country Years Drugs sales in US $ (billion)
1 Europe Germany France Italy Others
2006 6 3.0 1.6 0.6 0.8
2 Europe 2006 10.0
3 USA 2006 4.0
4 India 2006 1.0
5 Other countries 2006 5.0
6 All countries 2006 30.0 - 60.0
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Points to be look over precisely
before introducing
herbs
in
pharmaceuticals.
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• standardization of herbs• Procurement from the correct source• Identity of Common Adulterants by
microscopy or other techniques• Quality of the herb • Toxicity studies• Herbal and Drug Interaction
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WHO GUIDELINE – Assessment for modern herbal medicines - A brief outline.
Guideline available on following topics:-
•Pharmaceutical assessment•Crude plant material•Plant preparations•Finished product•Stability assessment and shelf life•Activity•Evidence required to support indication
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These guidelines describe…
• Quality control of crude drugs material, plant preparations and finished products.
• Stability assessment and shelf life.
• Safety assessment; documentation of safety based on experience or toxicological studies.
• Assessment of efficacy by medical information and biological activity evaluations.
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Last amendments in guidelines:-
Following new points are included:-
1.Limits of pesticides
Mainly pesticides like DDT, BHC, toxaphene, and aldrin cause serious side-effects in human beings if the crude drugs are mixed with these agents.
2. Limits of microbial contamination
3. Radioactive contamination
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REGULATORY STATUS OF HERBS AND HERBAL PRODUCTS
A LOOPHOLE IN US AND EUROPE GUIDELINE…..???
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• Manufacturers have to provide scientific evidence of safety and efficacy of their products.
• In early 60s,• in Europe and US some Asian medicine producers began marketing their
products as nutritional supplements using a legistative loophole which allowed the products with no proven efficacy to be marketed as long as no claims of efficacy on the label.
• For example: Asian medicine producers made claim that St.john’s wart enhances the mood Instead of claiming that st.john’s wart treats dipression.
• By using this loophole in claiming and labeling a new dimension of herbal products that is known as the NUTRACEUTICALS has come out.
• Based on this facts no. of asian producers are enjoying profits by getting marketing authorization of their products in foreign market.
Importance of herbs in pharma industries
- Asian perspective.
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2 major players :-
China and India
Share in global herbal and herbal product market :-
Total global market:- 60 billion US$
India sharing:- only 1% of it
China sharing :- 30 % of it.
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Why china is ahead of India in global herbal market?
Reasons:-
1. Most of the Chinese medicines are standardized.
which increase its authenticity in global market.
2. China has created the data base of its encient knowledge of herbs with modern flavor.
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CDB example:CNPD-China Natural Products Database
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What we (Indian companies) have achieved ?
• No of Indian companies have patented their products in india as well as abroad.
• Examples:
Himalaya Drug Company (HDC), Emami, Aswini, Ayur, Dabur.
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HDC patented its ‘Herbal Laxative’ preparation for treatment of constipation in February 2001 in the US.
HDC’s 5 products have been endorsed by more than 250,000 doctors worldwide, and the company exports its products to more than 60 countries.
Today, HDC is the only phytopharmaceutical company whose ayurvedic products are registered as a ‘pharmaceutical specialty’ in Switzerland.
Dabur, which owns 29 patents in the US, is amongst the leaders in healthcare.
It became one of the only two companies in the world to introduce an anti-cancer drug, Intaxel (Paclitaxel).
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Some herbal preparations:-traditional preparations:
Asva/Arista - drug is soaked in solution of jaggery and allowed to ferment.
Avaleha/Pak - kalka (decoction) of drug is repeatedly boiled and condensed with jaggery
Bhasma - prepared by heating (oxidation) of drug
Churna - a form of powder.
Gutika/vati/Pill - pulverized drug admixed with honey and made up into Gutika or vati or Pill. /26
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Modern concept of dosage form:
Tablet (plain or sugar coated or film coated)
lozenges
capsule (hard or soft)
liquid orals (suspension or emulsion or syrup)
external application (cream or ointment)
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Available herbal formulation with modern touch:
Mexican Wild Yam 60 Capsules
Beetroot Complex 90 Capsules
Concentrated Cranberry Powder 40G
Ginkgo Plus 90 Capsules
Garlic Plus 30 Capsules
Ginseng 60 Capsules
Milk Thistle Plus Tea
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REFERENCES:- 1. Figures as quoted by Asia-Pacific Traditional Medicine and Herbal Technology
Network: APTMNET.COM
2. “India: Herbal Revolution Waiting to Happen,” www.apctt-tm.net, 25 May 2005.
3. US relaxes its guidelines on herbal supplements BMJ 2000;320:208
4. Current status of herbal and their future perspectives R. Perumal Samy, and P. Gopalakrishnakone* Council of Scientific and Industrial
Research, New Delhi
5. WHAT IS INDIAN PHARMA’S NEXT MOVE? iPrexsolutions.com
6. Herbal drug industry ; chaudhary R.D. 8th edition .1999
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