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Evaluation of Smokefree.gov, a National Web-Assisted Tobacco Intervention
Andrea L. Frydl BS CHES; Erik M. Augustson PhD MPH; Ami L. Hurd MPH; Jacqueline L. Stoddard PhD Andrea L. Frydl, BS, CHES; Erik M. Augustson, PhD, MPH; Ami L. Hurd, MPH; Jacqueline L. Stoddard, PhD
Background ResultsAdvantages of WATIs:• Able to reach large audiences• Able to make changes quickly and cost effectively• Able to have interactive design & features
Demographic Variables2008 (%) 2004 (%)
P-values
Gender* n = 971 n = 1,272Female 68.7 54.1
Male 31.3 45.9
SF.gov-specific Findings, All Visitors 2008 (%) 2004 (%) P-value
Where did you find out about the website n= 1,674 n= 1,272Search engine* 43.8 24.1
Link from another website* 17.0 58.2 Friend or Family 2.6 2.7
Results, continued
• Able to conduct anonymous evaluation
WATIs Are:• An effective smoking cessation tool, as various RCTs
show• Improved cessation rates when used in conjunction
with other evidence-based interventions and treatments
* p < 0.001** p = 0.002
Age* n = 968 n = 1,259Under 24 17.7 14.5
25 – 50 59.4 68.750+ 22.8 16.9
Education Level** n = 971 n = 1,272Less than HS 9.2 8.7
HS Degree/GED 16.2 20.8More than HS 74.7 70.5
* p<0.001**p=0.002
Health care provider** 3.6 1.7 Colleague/Co-worker 2.3 2.8
Advertisement 7.0 6.0 Have you ever visited a website other than this website?* n= 1,674 n= 1,272
Yes 29.5 38.4 No 70.5 61.6
How does this site compare to other websites* n = 494 n = 488Not as good as other websites 21.9 4.9
As good as other websites 68 4 64 3with other evidence based interventions and treatments
Need to:• Determine whether WATI is reaching intended
audience• Routinely evaluate WATI to ensure effectiveness• Assess customer satisfaction and suggestions for
improvement
Smoking Status* n = 1,525 n = 1,272Current 64.8 81.5Former 22.8 10.9
Never 12.5 7.5Smoking Behavior, Smokers
Cigarettes smoked per day* n = 981 n = 1,0301-10 29.6 19.8
11-20 47.4 50.2
As good as other websites 68.4 64.3 Better than other websites 9.7 30.7
How do you most prefer to receive health information?* n= 985 n= 1,163Web-based, internet 33.9 29.7
Text messaging 2.7 1.1 E-mail 33.2 35.9
E-documents that can be printed 9.6 8.3 Print document that can be ordered online 7.7 4.7
Telephone 2.8 1.0
Methods and Procedure Discussion
improvement
• Anonymous follow-up customer satisfaction survey administered online in September 2008 with over 1,600 surveys collected.
Q i i d ll d i d d hi
• SF.gov is reaching people with low to moderate levels of nicotine dependence at approximately middle age, thus reducing the public health burden of tobacco addiction.
* p < 0.001** p = 0.047
>20 23.0 30.0Quit attempts** n = 976 n = 957
None 12.1 13.0<5 54.5 58.5
5-10 25.2 23.1>10 8.2 5.4
Cessation Method n = 1,217 n = 1,176Telephone quit line** 3.5 4.8Cessation class or s pport gro p* 6 9 14 1
Face-to-face 9.9 19.3
• Quantitative data collected on attitudes, demographics, ranking, and behavior around Smokefree.gov (SF.gov) and smoking cessation.
• Analyzed differences between 2008 and 2004 data for all former and current smokers.
• Data reflects a decrease in evidence-based practices (EBPs) and an increase in the use of non-EBPs. This may be attributable to lack of financial resources and an increase in alternative therapies in the US
• Decrease in aggregate ranking and attitudes towards SF.gov may be attributable to burgeoning WATI field as well as a desire for more interactive features. However, overall attitudes towards SF.gov
* p < 0.001** p = 0.022*** p = 0.002
Cessation class or support group* 6.9 14.1One-on-one counseling* 2.4 6.3
The internet or world-wide-web* 14.1 19.3Books, pamphlets, videos , etc.* 15.5 30.1Acupuncture or hypnosis*** 6.9 4Nicotine replacement* 38.6 62.88Prescription pill* 21.5 34.8
Attitudes about SF.gov n = 1,033 (%) n = 1,272 (%)* p < 0.001
Agree Neutral Disagree Agree Neutral Disagree• All tools were in compliance with OMB regulations.
, gremain positive.
• Although SF.gov is not reaching young or heavy smokers, the majority of visitors are female; typically the gatekeeper of health information. Thus, they may use EBPs from SF.gov to facilitate quitting in their families.
** p = 0.037In 2004,
7.5% did not respond to
this question
Agree Neutral Disagree Agree Neutral DisagreeEasy to find 70.4 22.9 6.7 67.4 26.1 6.5Help me quit* 51.6 39.7 8.7 47.5 47.6 4.8Message board* 63.4 27.3 9.3 59.5 35.0 5.5Navigate** 76.1 19.2 4.7 76.1 21.0 2.8Confusing* 12.3 22.9 64.8 14.6 29.5 56.0
Questions?Contact Andrea Frydl at
