Nature Mechanisms of seizures and antiseizure drugs

•Partial epilepsy: More than a century ago JohnHughlings Jacksons proposed seizures are caused by

Occasional, sudden, excessive rapid and local discharge of gray matter and a generalized convulsion resulted

•EEC from scalp demonstrated that epilepsies are disorders of neuronal excitability

•Neurotransmitters mediated the bulk of synaptic transmission in the mammalian brain are amino acids, gamma amiobutyric acid

(GABA) and being the principal inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters respectively.

•Microinjection of GABA antagonist or agonist of glutamate receptor subtypes (NMDA, AMPA, or Kainic acid triggers seizures in experimental animals in vivo