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The kidneys are bean-shaped organs that serve several essential regulatory roles in vertebrate animals. They remove excess organic molecules (e.g., glucose) from the blood, and it is by this action that their best-known function is performed: the removal of waste products of metabolism (e.g., urea, though 90% of this is reabsorbed along the nephron.) They are essential in the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions such as the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid–base balance, and regulation of blood pressure (via maintaining salt and water balance). They serve the body as a natural filter of the blood, and remove water soluble wastes, which are diverted to the urinary bladder. In producing urine, the kidneys excrete wastes such as urea and ammonium, and they are also responsible for the reabsorption of water, glucose, and amino acids. The kidneys also produce hormones including calcitriol, erythropoietin, and the enzyme renin, the latter of which indirectly acts on the kidney in negative feedback.
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Do You Know about your Kidney ?
Functions of Your KidneysFunctions of Your Kidneys
1. Excretion of metabolic wastes
2. Balance Water in Body3. Regulation of extra
cellular fluid volume4. Regulation of extra
cellular electrolytes5. Regulation of blood
pressure6. Regulation of red blood
cell production7. Keep Bones Healthy
Did You Know ?
Size of your Kidney is equivalent to your Fist
Kidneys Filter, blood of our body (approx. 5 liters) 300 times everyday, which is equivalent to 100 Bathing Buckets !
Each Kidney has 10 lakh Nephrons (Nephron
is the functional unit of Kidney)
If joined in series, Nephrons form a 100 km chain, which is equivalent to distance between Ahmedabad and Vadodara
Did You Know ?
Normal person utilises only 30% of his Kidney’s capacity
A person can live a normal life with only one Kidney !
High Blood PressureDiabetes Infection of the NephronKidney StonesAccidents
Reasons For Kidney Failure
Some facts …
1 out of 10,000 people in India suffer from Kidney failure.
Out of 5 lakh kidney failure patients, only 12,000 patients get treated.
Dialysis costs Rs. 15,000 per month
Prevent Kidney Failure By… Drinking 8-10 glasses of good
quality water everyday Avoiding overdose of drugs Taking appropriate treatment of
kidney stones Controlling High Blood Pressure
and Diabetes Avoiding Sedentary life Avoiding Alcoholic drinks
Prevention, through awareness and early
detection, is the key to avoiding kidney failure.
References: Indian Renal Foundation, Ahmedabad
Campbell’s Urology, Vol.3, 7th Edition , U.S.A.
