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A Condition of the body in which the organ system or part does not function properly.
It is a disturbance of a body structure or function.
It can make a person;
1. Physically or mentally ill
2. Limits his or her activities
3. Leads to death
A person or a doctor of medicine who studies human diseases as they affect the society.
A person who studies epidemic disease.
Agent Factors
Host Factors
Environmental Factors
Social Factors
Include the organisms that cause an infectious disease
These can be;
BacteriaVirusRicketsiaeProtozoaFungi
Bacteria have 3 shapes1. Spherical shape are called coccus2. Rod shape bacteria are called
bacillus3. Twister rod like corkscrew is
called sprillum
Bacteria are abundant in air, soil, water, food and the body
Not all bacteria are harmful
Bacteria that causes disease are called pathogens
EXAMPLES OF BACTERIAL DISEASE
Tetanus Gonorrhea Diphtheria Tuberculosis Scarlet Fever Pneumonia Whooping cough Food poisoning Typhoid Syphilis
CURE: Antibiotics
Viruses are smaller than bacteria and can only be seen with the aid of electron microscope.
The science that deals with the study of viruses is called VIROLOGY.
Ricketsiae are tiny microorganisms much like bacteria.
They are midway of bacteria and viruses having both characteristics.
They live in the cell of host like mites, lice thick and fleas. These are carriers of diseases that infects man and animals.
Protozoa are singled cell animals but much larger than bacteria.
They thrive mostly in dirty tropical areas
The ff. disease are caused by protozoa:
1. Malaria – carried by female anapheles mosquito
2. Amoebic dysentery – caused by amoeba3. Trypanosome – Sleeping sickness caused
by a protozoa transimitted through the bite of tsetse fly.
Fungi are saprophytes and may be small single-celled like yeast
Infections like athletes foot, ringworm are caused by skin fungus
Are attributes of individuals that may increase or decrease their susceptibility to certain disease
They include genetic factor, immunity, health related behaviours and person’s general state of health.
A host factor that offers special protection against disease is immunity
Are extrinsic biological, social, and physical factor that influence the probability of developing an infection.