Upload
shaina-sharma
View
6.988
Download
7
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
this power point includes the detailed information about disasters, its types and management. also discusses the role of nurse administrator.
Citation preview
PRESENTED BY:- SHAINA SHARMA, M.N FINAL
DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND
ROLE OF NURSE ADMINISTRATOR
(W.H.O.): “An occurrence of a severity and magnitude that normally results in death, injuries and property damage that cannot be managed through the routine procedure and resources of government.”
FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency): “ A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either nature or man made that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance.”
DEFINITION OF DISASTER
Definition of Disaster Nursing
Disaster Nursing can be defined as the adaptation of professional nursing skills in
recognizing and meeting the nursing physical and emotional needs resulting from a disaster.
The overall goal of disaster nursing is to achieve the best possible level of health for the
people and the community involved in the disaster.
‘DISASTER’ alphabetically means
D - DestructionsI - IncidentsS - SufferingsA - Administrative, Financial Failures.S - SentimentsT - TragediesE - Eruption of Communicable diseases.R - Research programme and its implementation
Death of 3 million people
Economic loss increased due to disaster like flood
In Indian scenario, 34million people affected per year
and 5116 death per year.
In US, economic loss is 400 million dollar and 3 million people
died.
THE GLOBAL SCENARIO
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DISASTER
AGENT
HOSTENVIRONMENT
Primary
Agents Secondary
Agents
AGENTS OF
DISASTER
Host factors
1. Age
2. Immunization status
3. Degree of mobility
4. Emotional stability
Environmental factors
1. Physical Factors
2. Chemical Factors
3. Biological Factors
4. Social Factors
5. Psychological Factors
Factors affecting disaster
Preimpact phase
Impact Phase
Post impact phase
Rehabilitation
Phases of Disaster
Disaster Response Disaster Preparedness Disaster Mitigation
three fundamental aspects of disaster management
Disaster Impact
Mitigation
Preparedness
Reconstruction
Rehabilitation
Response
Risk reduction phase before a disaster
Recovery phase after a disaster
DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
DISASTER IMPACT AND RESPONSE
Search, rescue and first aid
Field care
Triage
Tagging
Identification of dead
The type and quantity of humanitarian relief supplies are usually determined by two main factors : (1) the type of disaster, since distinct events have different effects on the population(2) the type and quantity of supplies available locally.
There are four principal components in managing humanitarian supplies: (a) acquisition of supplies (b) transportation(c) Storage (d) distribution.
Relief phase
Overcrowding and poor sanitation
Population displacement
Disruption and the contamination of water supply, damage to sewerage system and power systems
Disruption of routine control programmes
Ecological changes
Displacement of domestic and wild animals
Provision of emergency food, water and shelter
EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEILLANCE AND DISEASE CONTROL
VACCINATION
NUTRITION
Rehabilitation Water supply
Food safety
Basic sanitation
and personal hygiene
Vector control
DISASTER MITIGATION IN HEALTH SECTOR
Emergency prevention and mitigation involves measures designed either to prevent hazards from causing emergency or to lessen the likely effects of
emergencies.
These measures include :-Flood Mitigation WorksAppropriate Land-use PlanningImproved Building Codes Reduction Or Protection Of Vulnerable Population And Structures.
Disaster preparedness
Emergency preparedness is “a programme of long term development activities whose goals
are to strengthen the overall capacity and capability of a country to manage efficiently all
types of emergency. It should bring about an orderly transition from relief through recovery,
and back to sustained development”.
The reasons of community preparedness are:-
(a) Members of the community have the most to lose from being vulnerable to disasters and the most to gain from an effective and appropriate emergency preparedness programme
(b) Those who first respond to an emergency come from within the community. When transport and communications are disrupted, an external emergency response may not arrive for days
(c) Resources is most easily pooled at the community level and every community possesses capabilities. Failure to exploit these capabilities is poor resource management
(d) Sustained development is best achieved by allowing emergency-affected communities to design, manage, and implement internal and external assistance programme.
Policy development
The policy development is “the formal statement of a course of action”. Policy is strategic in nature and performs the following functions:a. establish long - term goals;b. assign responsibilities for achieving goals;c. establish recommended work practice; and d. determine criteria for decision making.
PERSONAL PROTECTION IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
A number of measures must be observed by all persons in all types of emergency:- Do not use the telephone, except to call for help, so as to leave telephone lines free for the organization of response.- Listen to the messages broadcast by radio and the various media so as to be informed of development.- Carry out the official instructions given over the radio or by loudspeaker.- Keep a family emergency kit ready. In all the different types of emergency, it is better:- To be prepared than to get hurt;- To get information so as to get organized;- To wait rather than act too hastily.
FLOODS EARTHQUAKE
STORMS, HURRICANES
AND TORNADOES
CLOUDS OF TOXIC
FUMES
MAN MADE DISASTERS
DISASTERS IN INDIA
INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES PROVIDING
HEALTH HUMANITARIAN
ASSISTANCE
Community measures in Disaster
Community Participation
Mock trails/training
Mass awareness
Education
a. Setting up the first aid postb. Causality evaluation
c. Basic hygiene and sanitationd. Safety measures
e. Maintenance of food and water supply f. Maintenance of law and order.
g. Provision of sheltersh. Rescue streaming
i. Significance of traffic control and communicationj. Use of fire services
k. Hazards of radiation and preventive measuresl. Prevention of future disasters.
m. Grant in aid n. Rehabilitation
ROLE OF NURSE ADMINISTRATOR IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Preserving Open Lines of Communication
Ensuring Quality Patient Care
Providing Current Education
Influencing Policy and Financial Decisions
Providing Security for Staff, Patients, and Families