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CT in Brain Emergency
Mohamed SamirLecturer – Radiology DepartmentFaculty of Medicine - Alexandria
Our aim:
• Basics of CT Brain
• Normal Anatomy
• Emergencies:
Trauma
Stroke
Basics of CT Brain
Basics of CT Brain Gross Anatomy
• Adult brain is formed of:
1. Cerebral hemispheres.
2. Brain stem.
3. Cerebellum.
All are covered with meninges, floating in a
fluid (CSF) & enclosing a cavity
(ventricular system).
Ventricular system
Basics of CT Brain Gross Anatomy
Components: ● 2 lateral ventricles → inside cerebral
hemispheres. ● third ventricle. ● aqueduct of Sylvius → inside brain stem. ● fourth ventricle → inside pons &
medulla oblongata.
Foramina:
Choroid plexus: a network of blood vessels that produce
CSF.
Basics of CT Brain Gross Anatomy
Cerebral hemisphere:
Gray matter:
Cortex
Ganglia/nuclei
White matter
Basics of CT Brain Gross Anatomy
BASAL GANGLIA
♣ Islands of neural cell bodies (grey matter) within the
white matter.
♣ Formed of:
1- Caudate nucleus (head, body & tail).
2- Putamen.
3- Globus pallidus.
4- Amygdaloid nuclear complex (amygdala).
5- Claustrum.
Globus pallidus + Putamen = Lentiform nucleus.
How to Perform Brain
CT
How to Perform Brain CT
How to Perform Brain CT
How to Perform Brain CT
How to Perform Brain CT
Brain Emergencies
Brain Emergencies
Stroke
Ischemic Hemorrhagic
Trauma
Bone Parenchyma(Intra-axial)
Extra-axial
Extradural Subdural Subarachnoid
Stroke
Hemorrhagic Ischemic
Blood Edema White Dark
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Blood
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic Stroke
Hyperdense MCA sign
Ischemic Stroke
Lost G-W matter differentiation
Ischemic Stroke
Lost G-W matter differentiation
Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic Stroke
Trauma
Skull Fracture/Fissure
Trauma
Skull Fracture/Fissure
Trauma
Trauma
Intra-axial Hematoma
Trauma
Extra-axial Hemorrhage:
1. Extradural
2. Subdural
3. Subarachnoid
Trauma Meninges
Trauma
Extradural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Extradural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Extradural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Extradural Hemorrhage
• Convex
• Might be associated with a fissure
• Dos not cross sutures
• Less mass effect
Trauma
Extradural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Extradural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Subdural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Subdural Hemorrhage
• Concave
• Can cross sutures
• Not associated with fissure
• More mass effect
Trauma
Subdural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Subdural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Subdural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Subdural Hemorrhage
Trauma
Trauma
????
Blood
Hyperacute Acute Subacute Chronic
Dark/Mixed White Dark Gray
Trauma
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Trauma
Trauma Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Trauma Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Trauma Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Vascu la r
Ma l fo rmat ion
(Aneurysm)
Thank You
