1. Medical emergency 1www.medicinemcq.com

2. Dysfunction of Either cerebral hemispheres or Midbrain tegmentum Reticular activating system 2www.medicinemcq.com 3. Function Maintains the cerebral cortex in a state of wakeful consciousness www.medicinemcq.com 3 4. Upper brainstem Medial thalamus Very close to area concerned with pupillary function and eye movements Pupillary enlargement Loss of movements of the eyes 4www.medicinemcq.com 5. Reticular activating system Ascending projections to the cortex Cortex Corticothalamic connections 5www.medicinemcq.com 6. 75 mL per 100 g/min in gray matter 30 mL per 100 g/min in white matter Mean 55 mL per 100 g/min www.medicinemcq.com 6 7. 120 seconds Glucose utilization 5 mg per 100 g/min 7www.medicinemcq.com 8. Last 10 s after the cessation of blood flow Oxygen consumption 3.5 mL per 100 g/min 8www.medicinemcq.com 9. 120 seconds www.medicinemcq.com 9 10. Acute confusion with agitation Hallucinations Perception without a stimuli Sight, sound, touch, smell or taste Illusions Misperceptions of stimuli 10www.medicinemcq.com 11. 11www.medicinemcq.com 12. 12www.medicinemcq.com 13. 13www.medicinemcq.com 14. 14www.medicinemcq.com 15. 1. Metabolic 2. Damage to RAS 3. Damage of large portions of cerebral hemispheres Small focal lesions of one or both cerebral hemispheres Do not cause coma 15www.medicinemcq.com 16. Suppression of thalamo-cerebral function Drugs Toxins Hypoglycemia Anoxia Azotemia Hepatic failure 16www.medicinemcq.com 17. What is the date, day, month and year? Where are you now? Which is the state capital? Why are you in the hospital now? www.medicinemcq.com 17 18. Immediate memory Repeat 3 to 5 numbers Show the patient 3 to 5 objects (e.g., pen, key) to remember 10 minutes later ask him which objects were shown 18www.medicinemcq.com 19. Evaluated while the history is being taken Serial subtraction of 3 from 30 or 7 from 100 Can detect even mild confusional states 19www.medicinemcq.com 20. Normal light reflex Normal LP Normal CT Bilateral asterixis For rest of the slides, visit www.medicinemcq.com > Neurology 20