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CHAPTER 13
Adapting (Verbally) and Visually
Speech Action Steps
1. Choose a Topic & Goal
2. Develop Content
3. Organize and Develop Material
4. Adapt Material to Audience (Visual Aids)
5. Practice
Speech Action Steps
Step 4 Adapt
LO2: Developing Visual Aids
LO3: Displaying
Action Step 4: Adapt – Visual Aids
LO2: Developing
Benefits
Types
Choosing
Designing
Action Step 4: Adapt – Visual Aids
Benefits:
• Clarifies message
• Retain information
• Different learning styles
• Speaker credibility & confidence
Action Step 4: Adapt – Visual Aids
• “Presentation AID”
Types of Presentation Aids
Objects Models Photographs
Diagrams Maps Charts
Graphs Audio Audiovisual
Types of Presentation Aids
•Seen
•Simple
•Safe
•Self or another
Objects or Models
Types of Presentation Aids
•Student examples
•Bees
Photographs
Example: Photograph
• Cape Hatteras
Lighthouse
Source: National Park Service
Types of Presentation Aids
•Student examples
•Palm reading
Diagrams
Figure 1. Source: waiting.com
Types of Presentation Aids
•Size
•Relationships
Maps
Example: Maps
Types of Presentation Aids
•Visual display
•Complex info
•Shows relationships
Charts
Word Chart
Tuition per semester - 2011
Lenoir-Rhyne $13,262
Gardner-Webb $11,560
UNCC $2,720
Mitchell $1,064
http://www.soicc.state.nc.us
Types of Presentation Aids
•Bar
•Line
•Pie
Graphs
Word Chart
Tuition per semester - 2011
Lenoir-Rhyne $13,262
Gardner-Webb $11,560
UNCC $2,720
Mitchell $1,064
http://www.soicc.state.nc.us
Bar Graph
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
2007 Tuition
Lenoir Rhyne
Gardner Webb
UNC Charlotte
Mitchell CC
Line Graph
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
$16,000
1995 2000 2005 2011
Tu
itio
n
Change in Tuition
GW
UNCC
Pie Graph
Funding Sources
State
County
Institution
Types of Presentation Aids
•Short clips
•TEST!!
Audio / Audiovisual
Choosing Presentation Aids
Important Ideas
Complex Ideas
Adds Interest
Limit Number
Audience Size
Easy to Use
Time & Expense
Preparing Presentation Aids
• Layout
• Color
Preparing Presentations Aids
Layout
• Limit the reading required of the audience. The
audience should not spend a long time reading the visual
aid; you want them listening to you. Limit the total number
of lines on an aid to six or fewer, and write points as short
phrases rather than complete sentences. There should be
as little text on the screen as possible to communicate the
ideas.
Simplify: The Rule of Six
• Six lines of text
• Six words across
• Write as phrases
• Do not use sentences
• Keep the typeface easy to read
• Use Upper and Lowercase letters
• Keep the typeface easy to read
• Use Upper and Lowercase letters
• ALL UPPERCASE IS HARD TO READ
• Easier to read:
• Tahoma
• Arial
• Verdana
• Less easy to read:
• Times New Roman
Color
• Use same color background
• Black, deep blue for lettering
• Use bright colors to highlight info
• No more than four colors
• Use the “templates”
• Student example
Example
• Approximately 28% of adults in Iredell County have an
Associates Degree or higher
• 2010 US Census Data
In Iredell County
28
72
Degree
AA or higher
Less than AA
Action Step 4: Adapt – Visual Aids
LO3: Displaying
Posters • Stations
Whiteboard • Collaboration
Handouts • Complex info, need for reference
Projected • Almost all visual aid types available
Speech Action Steps
Step 4 Adapt
LO2: Developing Visual Aids
LO3: Displaying
Step 5 Delivery
LO6: Handling Presentation
Aids