The cold war

The Potsdam Conference

The Potsdam Conference was a meeting of the Allied leaders during World War II to decide what to do with Germany

Germany Divided

● ● Berlin, the capital city, was divided

● ● After World War II, Germany was divided into four zones, occupied by French, British, American, and Soviet troops

British

French

American

Soviet

● ● In June of 1948, the In June of 1948, the French, British and French, British and American zones were American zones were joined into the nation of joined into the nation of West Germany after the West Germany after the Soviets refused to end Soviets refused to end their occupation of their occupation of Germany.Germany.

East and East and West West

Germany Germany formedformed

West Germany

East Germany

West Berlin

East Berlin

The Strategy

Who? Strategy Explanation

United States

Soviet Union The establishment of a safe buffer zone of “friendly

nations” (Communist) on the western border

The effort to restrict Soviet expansion (George Kennan)

Anti-appeasement

Satellite nations

Containment

Letter from U.S. diplomat Letter from U.S. diplomat George Kennan that led to George Kennan that led to

the U.S. policy of the U.S. policy of containment of containment of

communism.communism.

Kennan said the Russians were concerned Kennan said the Russians were concerned about invasions from the west and wanted a about invasions from the west and wanted a

buffer zone buffer zone Russians wanted to spread communism

world-wideU.S. should use diplomatic, economic and U.S. should use diplomatic, economic and

military actions to keep communism military actions to keep communism containedcontained

The Iron The Iron CurtainCurtain

““An An iron curtain iron curtain has descended across the has descended across the Continent” Continent”

– – Prime Minister Winston ChurchillPrime Minister Winston Churchill

Poland, Poland, Romania, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovakia, Hungary Hungary Bulgaria and Bulgaria and East Germany East Germany became satellite became satellite nations of nations of Soviet UnionSoviet Union

Peep under the Iron curtain

March 6, 1946

Who is “Joe”?

What part of Europe is sealed off?

What does the wall symbolize?

From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.

● ● In response, the Soviets cut off West Berlin from the rest of the world with a blockade.

Eventual site of the Berlin Wall

Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift● ● President Truman President Truman

decided to avoid decided to avoid the blockade by the blockade by

flying in food and flying in food and other supplies to other supplies to the needy people the needy people

of West Berlinof West Berlin

Berlin Berlin AirliftAirlift

● ● The Berlin Airlift The Berlin Airlift saved the people of West saved the people of West Berlin from falling Berlin from falling under Soviet Union under Soviet Union controlcontrol

Truman DoctrineTruman Doctrine● ● U.S. foreign policy established by President Truman saying

the U.S. would protect democracies throughout the world

““It must be the policy of It must be the policy of the United States to the United States to support free peoples support free peoples who are resisting who are resisting attempted subjugation attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by armed minorities or outside pressures” outside pressures” -- -- Harry TrumanHarry Truman

● ● It pledged that the United States would fight Communism worldwide

Truman DoctrineTruman Doctrine

American tanks provided by the Truman Doctrine roll through TurkeyAmerican tanks provided by the Truman Doctrine roll through Turkey

● ● Secretary of State Secretary of State George Marshall George Marshall toured Western toured Western Europe.Europe.

Aid for EuropeAid for Europe

Children in a London suburb, waiting outside the wreckage of what was their home

●●Marshall feared Marshall feared that poor that poor Europeans would Europeans would turn to turn to CommunismCommunism

MarshalMarshall Planl Plan

● ● U.S. plan for rebuilding Western Europe, and stopping communism after World War II

● ● Plan pumped billions of dollars into Western Europe for food and supplies

George C. Marshall

Marshall Plan aids Western EuropeThe Marshall Plan proved to be a great The Marshall Plan proved to be a great successsuccess

Birth of NATOBirth of NATONorth Atlantic Treaty North Atlantic Treaty

OrganizationOrganization

● ● Formed in Formed in 1949 to 1949 to protect protect Western Western

Europe from Europe from Soviet Soviet

aggressionaggression

The Warsaw The Warsaw PactPact● ● The Warsaw Pact was The Warsaw Pact was

the Soviet Union’s the Soviet Union’s response to the response to the

creation of the North creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Atlantic Treaty OrganizationOrganization

The Equipment

I know what weapons World War II was fought with, but World War three will be fought with sticks and stones. –Einstein

The Atomic Bomb(A-Bomb)

The Hydrogen Bomb(H-Bomb)

Cold War spreads to Cold War spreads to AsiaAsia ● ● Communists Communists

take over in take over in ChinaChina

● ● The country of Korea became The country of Korea became the next battleground in the Cold the next battleground in the Cold WarWar

China Korea

This presentation is a mash-up from two slides by: Dschall,28 January 2008. Cold War.

http://www.slideshare.net/dschall/cold-war-244261?qid=2de15c1d-4874-45e1-a5a6-d867defc5d5e&v=default&b=&from_search=12

Weber D, May 2013. Cold War Begins. http://www.slideshare.net/dustinweber/cold-war-18489176?qid=2de15c1d-4874-45e1-a5a6-d867defc5d5e&v=default&b=&from_search=5