Coffee:Healthy Habit or Not?Prepared by O. Kucukoglu

Most popular beverage in the World

(over 1 billion coffee drinkers worldwide)

Global consumption => 6.7 million tons/year

Facts about Coffee

Benefits of Coffee Consumption

Decrease the incidence of chronic liver disease (>2 cups/day) (1)

Protect against hepatic fibrosis in Alcoholic steatohepatitis (↓ risk of alcoholic cirrhosis as non-coffee drinkers ) (2)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (p=0.001) (3)

Obese patients (regular coffee, but not espresso) (4)

Chronic HCV (↓ liver fibrosis ) (5,8)

Reduction of HCC (41% ↓ risk of HCC among coffee vs never coffee drinkers) (6,7)

(1) Torres DM, Harrison SA, Gastroenterology, 2013. (2) Klatsky A, Armstrong MA. Am J Epidemiol 1992. (3) Birerdinc A. et al. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012. (4) Gressner OA. Gastroenterology 2010. (5) Huxley R. et al. Arch Intern Med 2009.

Prevent diabetes ( ↓ type II diabetes (p=0.05); 3-6 cups/d=> ↓ 25% lower risk) (9)

Decaffeinated coffee can acutely decrease hunger(10)

(6) Bravi F. et al. Hepatology 2007. (7) Arauz J. et al. J Appl Toxicol 2012.(8) Freedman ND. et.al. Gastroenterology, 2011.(9) Panagiotakos D. et al. Rev Diabet Stud 2007.(10) Greenberg JA, Gleibter A, J Am Coll Nutr. 2012.

Benefits of Coffee Consumption Prevent depression (3 cups/d, ↓ 15%) and increase motivation (1)

(1) Cornelis MC, Progress in Mol Biol, 2012. (2) Hameleers, P. et. Al. Human Psychopharmacology

2000.

Memory improvement (2), increase cognitive performance and remember (1)

Decrease the risk of death

(> 400,000 people, age 50-71, follow up 14-year) heart and respiratory disease stroke, injuries and accidents, diabetes, and infections(7)

Reduce risk/ no effect some cancers Endometrial (↓ 29%), Pancreas (-), prostate (↓20%) (5, 6)

(6) Genkinger J et al. Cancer Epidem.Biomark. Prev. 2011.(7) Freedman ND, et al. N Engl J Med 2012.(8) Dostal V, Genetics, 2010.

(3) Barranco Quintana et al. Neurol. Res. 2007(4) Hu et al. Mov. Disord. 2007(5) Je Y, et. al. Int J Cancer. 2011.

Risks of Coffee Consumption Late miscarriage and still birth in pregnancy (1,2)

Psychoactive (3,4)

Nonfiltered/boiled coffee=> increase cholesterol (5)

Affecting sleep and nervous (3)

Continuous stomach problems (6) and diarrhea

Coffee could be LETAL=> more than 100 cups in 4 hours!!!

(1) American Institute for Cancer Research’e e-news, 2012., (2) Wisborg K. et. al. MBJ 2003.(3) Nehlig A. et al. Res. Brain Res Rev1992.(4) Wikipedia

Increase risk of coronary heart disease mortality >9 cups/d=> 2x in men, 5.1x in women) (7)

(5) Cai L. et al. Eur. J. of Clin.l Nutrition, 2012.(6) Hendrick B, WebMD Health News, 2010(7) Tverdal A. et al. BMJ 1990.

The overall balance of risks and benefits of coffee consumption are on the side of benefits

Let‘s go for a COFFEE

Thank you for your attention

What is Coffee?

Overall, coffee is a good source of the B vitamin riboflavin, and is also a concentrated source of antioxidant phytochemicals.

Coffee contains: Chlorogenic acid, an antioxidant compound that is the major phenol in

coffee Quinic acid, a phytochemical that contributes to the acidic taste of coffee Cafestol and kahweol, compounds that are extracted from the beans' oil

during brewing. Unfiltered coffee, such as French press or boiled coffee, contains these compounds

Caffeine, a naturally occurring stimulant that affects the central nervous system

N-methylpyridinium (NMB), created by roasting, may make the antioxidants more potent

Chlorogenic acid may be slightly lower in decaf coffee according to limited research, but it still contains plenty of phytochemicals. Lab studies suggest that instant may be lower in antioxidant potency than brewed coffee, though more research is needed.

However, UGT 1A gene induction by coffee takes place independently from the caffeine content, and independent of cafestol or kahweol.

Amount of chlorogenic acids and melanoidins ingested with the consumption of one cup of espresso or filtered coffee and putative amount reaching the colon

Vitaglione P. et. al. Food Funct., 2012

Possible pathways correlating coffee intake to the reduction of colorectal cancer (CRC) risk