Classification of Diseases

Dr. Sawsan Mustafa AbdallaAssociate Professor

Disease??:

Health:

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity

• The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is the standard diagnostic tool for epidemiology, health management and clinical purposes.

• This includes the analysis of the general health situation of population groups. It is used to monitor the incidence and prevalence of diseases and other health problems.

• It is used to classify diseases and other health problems recorded on many types of health and vital records including death certificates and health records.

• In addition to enabling the storage and retrieval of diagnostic information for clinical, epidemiological and quality purposes,

• these records also provide the basis for the compilation of national mortality and morbidity statistics by WHO Member States.

• It is used for reimbursement and resource allocation decision-making by countries.

Disease: The state of un-wellbeing

A system for classification of diseases is needed whereby diseases could be grouped according to certain common characteristics, that would facilitate the statistical study of disease phenomena.

Many approaches were tried to classify diseases.

Jhon Graunt in 17th century in his study of Bills of Mortality, arranged diseases in an alphabetical order.

More scientific approach was adopted in classifying disease according to certain characteristics.

Classification was as follow:

a-the part of the body affected b-the etiologic agent c-the kind of morbid change

produced by the disease The kind of disturbance of

function produced by the disease or injury.

InternationalClassification

ICD

ICD

• Certain infecous and parasitic diseases(A00-B99)

• Neoplasm(C00-D48)• Diseases of the blood and blood

forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism(D50-889)

ICD

• Endocrine,nutritional and metabolic diseases(E00-E90)

• Mental and behavioral disorders(F00-F99)Diseaes of the nervous system(G00-

G99)

ICD• Diseases of the eyeand

adnexa(H00-H59)• Diseases of the ear and mastoid

process(H60-H95)• Diseases of the circulatory system

(I00-I99)• Diseases of the respiratory

system(J00-J99)

ICDDiseases of digestive system(K00-

K93)Disease of the skin and

subcutaneous tissue(L00-L99)Diseases of musculoskeletal system

and connective tissue(M00-M99)Diseases of genitourinary

system(N00-N99)

Materials & methods

• Pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium(O00-O99)

• Certain conditionsoriginating in perinatal period(P00-P96)

• Congenital malformations,deformations and chromosomal abnormaslities(Q00-Q990

oSymptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not else where classified(R00-R99)

oInjury, poising and certain other consequences of external causes9S00-T98)

ICD

o External causes of morbidity and mortality(V01-Y90).

o Factors influencing health status and contact with health services(Z00-Z99).