Care of the Pre-school child

1-4 years

Importance of Pre- School Child

Mortality

Child Health Problems

Child health problems

Low birth weightTypes: •Spontaenous pre term birth: Adolescent pregnancy, infectious diseases, malnutrition, smoking, alcohol, diabetes•Provider- initiated pre-term birth:

Less than 2.5kg at

birth

Malnutrition

Iodine Deficiency

Cretinism, goitre, brain damage

Nutritional AnemiaLeads to fatigue

Protein Energy Malnutrition

Vitamin A Deficiency

Leading cause of blindness due to

corneal destruction

Growth charts

Advantages• Growth monitoring• Diagnostic tool• Planning and policy

making• Educational tool• Tool of action • Teaching

WHO Growth Chart

Percentile of the reference value

Indian Growth Chart

Flattening of the growth curve- Earliest sign of PEM

Infectious diseases & Parasitic infestations

National Immunization ScheduleAt birth BCG

Hep BOPV – 0 dose

6 weeks – 10 weeks – 14 weeks OPV Pentavalent (diphtheria, pertusis, tetanus, Hemophilus influenza B, Hep B)

End of 9th month Measles – 1st dose1 ½ years DPT

Measles – 2nd dose5 years DPT- 2nd dose

10 years – 16 years TT only.