BY: NINDY NURDIANTY

Chemical Bonding

What is Hemoglobin?

Hemoglobin is the

iron-containing

oxygen-transport

metalloprotein in

the red blood cells

of vertebrates, and

the tissues of some

invertebrates.

http://www.clarian.org/ADAM/doc/graphics/images/en/19510.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin

How is hemoglobin important in the transport

of oxygen in our body?

Hemoglobin is important in the

transport of oxygen in our body because hemoglobin is

used by the body to take oxygen from the lungs

(where there is a lot of it) to places like our muscles (which are low in

oxygen).

http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/mole00/mole00765.htm

Click icon to add picture

http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:otp8a0BNby7w0M:http://www.oneminutecureforalldiseases.com/DissociationHemoglobinOxygen.jpg

Why is the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin a

real-life example of chemical bonding?

It’s a real-life

example because

hemoglobin has

the ability to bind

to oxygen just like

two pure substance

bind to each other.

http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/Molbio/MolStudents/spring2003/Stonestreet/

Hemoglobinpage.htmhttp://www.molecularstation.com/molecular-biology-images/data/505/hemoglobin-state-transition.gif

How is hemoglobin related to a successful climb to the

top of Mt. Everest?

It related to a

successful climb

because your lung

will produce more

hemoglobin which

increases the amount

of oxygen to the

tissue, which allow

you to climb higher

and higher.

http://www.slideshare.net/rwal1424/mt-everest-presentation

http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~shres20e/classweb/web_pictures/Mount_Everest.jpg

What does pH have to do with the transport of

oxygen by hemoglobin?

The ability of each

hemoglobin molecule

to carry oxygen is

normally modified by

altered blood pH or

CO2.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:wWY8YHcbr1wkQM:http://www.marietta.edu/~mcshaffd/aquatic/sextant/resphem.gif

What is blood dropping?

Blood doping

refers to a handful

of techniques used

to increase an

individual's

oxygen-carrying

red blood cells,

and in turn,

improve athletic

performance.

http://www.livescience.com/mysteries/080810-llm-blood-doping.html

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_ua8ycqfc4ok/RqYuv3a5GbI/AAAAAAAAAMo/kohN2oQ5fys/s320/drugs+in+the+Tour+de+France.jpg

What is the difference between autologous and homologous

blood doping?

Autologous blood doping is when the blood is frozen until 1-2 days before the competition, when it

is thawed and injected back into the athlete. Homologous

doping is the injection of fresh blood,

removed from a second person, straight into the

athlete.

http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:QmpYxGmOZV4XfM:http://repairstemcell.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/white-blood-cells-with-legs.jpg

http://www.teachpe.com/drugs/doping.php

What is EPO and why is it used?

EPO is a

genetically-

engineered version

of a natural

hormone made by

the kidney that

stimulates bone

marrow to make

red blood cells.

http://whyfiles.org/090doping_sport/3.html

http://www.pezcyclingnews.com/photos/features/bloke/epo.jpg

What are the medical uses of blood doping?

Blood doping can help reduce physiologic strain during exercise in the heat and perhaps at altitude.

Artificial Oxygen carriers are the only form of blood doping which have a medical use. They were developed for use in emergencies when there is no time for determining and cross-matching a patients blood-type for transfusion,

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8926864

http://www.yourperformance.co.uk/images/15043.jpg

http://www.teachpe.com/drugs/doping.php

Why is blood doping used in sport?

Blood doping is used in sport

because it can improve an

athlete's ability to perform sub maximal.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8926864

First documented example of blood doping used in

sport

According to Russian

investigators, 19-year-

old New York Rangers

prospect and Russian

hockey player Alexei

Cherepanov was

engaged in blood

doping for several

months before he died

on October 13, 2008,

after collapsing on the

bench during a game

in Russia.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_doping

Click icon to add picture

http://i.esmas.com/image/0/000/006/484/370x270cherepanov.jpg

Second documented example of blood doping

used in sport

The German speed

skater and five-fold

Olympic gold

medalist Claudia

Pechstein was

banned for two

years in 2009 for

alleged blood

doping, based on

irregular levels of

reticulocytes in her

blood

What are the side effects of blood doping?

Injecting blood doping

chemicals can cause

kidney damage,

jaundice (the skin,

eyes and body fluids

turn yellow) and

blood clots. Re-

injecting blood from

an athlete's own body

can cause blood

infections and heart

problems.

Click icon to add picture

http://www.kidzworld.com/article/1832-blood-doping-in-sports-athletes-cheating

http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:zfgIbCO-EWb2TM:http://www.takver.com/epstein/cartoons/Merinda_Epstein_side_effects.jpg