CLINICAL ANATOMY GLUTEAL REGION

DIKSHAT ROLL NO:24

GLUTEAL REGIONThe gluteal muscles are a

group of 3 muscles which make up the buttocks: the Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. The 3 muscles originate from the ilium & sacrum and insert on the femur. Functions: 1. Extension2. Abduction3. External rotation4. Internal Rotation of the

Hip joint

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

GLUTEUS MEDIUSGLUTEUS MINIMUS

MUSCLES OF GLUTEAL REGION

CLINICAL ANATOMY

CONTENTS TO BE STUDIED

Trendlenberg's gait Sciatic Nerve Sciatic Hernia Trochanteric Bursitis Piriformis Syndrome

Trendelburg’s Sign

Trendelenburg's sign is found in people with weak or paralyzed abductor muscles of the hip, namely gluteus medius and gluteus minimusIn A : Negative

trendlenburg's test . The hip abductors are acting normally tilting the pelvis upwards when the opposite leg is raised from the ground

In B : Positive Trendelenburg's test . The hip abductors are unable to control the dropping of the pelvis when the opposite leg is raised

TRENDELBURG’S GAITThe Trendelenburg gait pattern (or gluteus medius lurch) is an abnormal gait (as with walking) caused by weakness of the abductor muscles of the lower limb, gluteus medius and gluteus minimusHave patient stand on one leg and assess if the pelvis drops

(+) Trendelburg sign

SCIATIC HERNIAA sciatic hernia is a rare type of hernia that develops in the pelvic area through the lesser sciatic foramen. Unlike other abdominal wall hernias, a swelling or bulge is difficult to detect because of its position under the larger gluteus muscle that covers the back of the pelvis. 

SCIATIC NERVE Can be compressed at lower border of gluteus maximus by sitting on bench with a sharp edge.(SLEEPING FOOT)

May be injured by misplaced deep intramusclular injections.

To prevent this, the injection is usually given in the superolateral quadrant.May be injured in posterior dislocation of the hip joint.

TROCHANTERIC BURSITIS

Trochanteric bursitis is characterized by painful inflammation of the bursa located just superficial to the greater trochanter of the femur

PIRIFORMIS SYNDROME

When the sciatic nerve divides in the pelvis, the common peroneal nerve may exit either:

below Piriformispierce piriformispass above piriformis

When it pierces piriformis, it may be compressed by contractions of this muscle. This causes piriformis syndrome.

REFERENCES1.BD CHAURASIA2.VISHRAM SINGH CLINICAL ANATOMY3.CLASS NOTES