Hina Khalid

Language is said to acquire in both the right

and the left hemisphere.

Right Hemisphere Functions: Intonation,

pragmatic, and contextual

Left Hemisphere Functions:

grammar/vocabulary and literal

Parts of the Brain consist of the frontal lobe,

temporal lobe, occipital lobe, parietal lobe,

cerebellum. The main two parts for major

types of aphasia are located in the frontal and

the temporal lobe.

Is a language disorder that results in brain

damage caused by disease or trauma” (Fromkin,

Rodman, Hyams 46).

Lateralization-is the term to be used when

defining the function to one hemisphere of the

brain

Anomia-not being able to find the word that one

wishes to say

Characteristics:

Produce fluent speech

and intonation

Semantically (meaning)

incoherent

Difficulty naming objects

in front of them

Difficulty choosing words

in spontaneous speech

Lexical Errors (word

substitutions)

Produces Jargon and

nonsense words.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67HMx-

TdAZI&feature=related

Characteristics:

Word-finding difficulties

Affects ability to form

sentences

Lack of articles,

prepositions, pronouns,

aux verbs

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67HM

x-TdAZI&feature=related

Broca’s

Fluency in

spontaneous speech is

impaired

Repetition is limited

Naming is limited

Comprehension is

intact

Wernicke’s

Fluency in

spontaneous speech is

intact

Repetition is impaired

Naming is impaired

Comprehension is

impaired

Errors in picture

naming orally,

written, and

dictation.

Stimulus: table

Response:

Orally: chair

Written: talb

Dictation:tamble

Stimulus: Mittens

Response:

Orally: glove

Written: mi..m.tts

Dictation: mittn

lobster=turtle

Carrot=tomato

Axe=hammer

Church=house

doorknob=key

Bee=spider

Bowl=plate

Seal=fish

Nose=hand

Airplane=train

Lettuce=tomato

Crab=clam

Butter=cream

Razor=knife

Thumb=wrist

Sponge=soap

Overall Aphasia causes semantic errors orally,

written, and dictation.

Each patient is different. Some have less

errors than others.

Damage to the Wernicke’s area is more

semantically incoherent than the Broca’s,

but can be present in any location of the

brain.

Could cause depression and other altered

behavior.

Errors in phonological status affects the

vowel length and the sonority (producing

sound.)

Tendency to simplify consonant clusters.

Hard time distinguishing between voiced and

voiceless.

for example: pet and bet.

Within syntactical aphasia many patients have a hard time understanding complex sentences.

Broca’s area suffer from the lack of syntax Agrammatic (lacks articles, prepositions,

pronouns, aux verbs)

Omits inflectional morphemes

EXAMPLE: Doctor: Could you tell me what you have been doing in

the hospital?

Patient: Yes, sure. Me go, er, uh, P.T. (physical therapy) none o’cot, speech….two times….read…r…..ripe…..rike….uh….write…practice…get…ting….better.

Parallel Recovery-the strength of the language

before the aphasia recovers in the same way.

Example English Native and French as an L2.

English would return the stronger one.

Differential-one language is recovered stronger

than the other one before the aphasia.

Blending-uncontrollable mixing of grammar of

both languages with the intent of only speaking

one.

Selective-language loss only in one language

Successive-language recovery in one language.

34 year old woman-mother tongue Hungarian.

Spoke French as a child. English as an adolescent

and Hebrew from age 19. Removal of posterior

temporal tumor. Exhibited symptoms of Broca’s

in English. Wernicke’s in Hebrew and

intermediate symptoms in the other two.

A 47 year old male with native tongue of

Hungarian also spoke Hebrew, Polish, Rumanian,

Yiddish, German, and English. After removing a

cyst on his left parietal lobe the patient

exhibited severe deficits in all languages except

English in which he was fluent with some word-

finding difficulties. His comprehension for

English, Hungarian, German and Yiddish were

good, but very poor in Rumanian, Hebrew and

Polish.

It is not definite in these cases why some

languages were recovered. Some say the

structure of the language have something to do

with it, but overall it is a new study.

It is important to treat it by attempting to

recover each language individually.

A hypothesis and some MRI’s say that it is

possible that L2 and L3 languages are stored in a

different hemisphere than the L1.

People can recover from aphasia, but in

bilinguals each individual language needs to be

separate.

Each person with aphasia has a unique case and

in bilinguals it is not definite what language will

recover first, but the theory is that the native

tongue will return first.

Language plays a major role in our lives and

without the ability to communicate fully is very

difficult and can lead to depression.

Aphasia affects people’s oral and written ability

to produce language.

Dave, Prachi. "The Implications of Bilinguality and Bilingual Aphasia." Serendip. 2007. Web. 30 Nov. 2010. <http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/exchange/node/1902#5>.

Fabbro, Franco. "The Bilingual Brain: Bilingual Aphasia." University of Udine Italy, 2001. Web. 30 Nov. 2010. <http://www.uniurb.it/lingue/matdid/donati/LinguisticaGenerale/2006-07/bilinguismo2.pdf>.

Fromkin, Victoria, Robert Rodman, and Nina M. Hyams. An Introduction to Language. Boston, MA: Thomson Wadsworth, 2007. Print.

Lesser, Ruth. Linguistic Investigations of Aphasia. New York: Elsevier, 1978. Print.

Lorenzen, Bonnie, and Laura Murray. "Bilingual Aphasia: Theory, Research, & Its Application to Clinical Practice." Bilingual Aphasia: Theory, Research, & Its Application to Clinical Practice. Indiana University, 1993. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. <http://www.eshow2000.com/asha/2008/handouts/1420_1100Lorenzen_Bonnie_089791_Nov17_2008_Time_021320PM.pdf>.

Paradis, Michel. Readings on Aphasia in Bilinguals and Polyglots. [Canada?]: Didier, 1983. Print.

Visch-Brink, Evy G., and Roelien Bastiaanse. Linguistic Levels in Aphasiology. San Diego: Singular Pub., 1998. Print.

"YouTube - Wernicke's and Broca's Aphasia." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. Web. 30 Nov. 2010. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67HMx-TdAZI&feature=related>.