PStim - Percutaneous Electro-Acupuncture Stimulation www.pstimusa.com

Why Acupuncture?

1. !Resources KSUWsCO-C. Literature3.jpg. [cited 2013 March 10]; Books Photo - Literature]. Available from:http://www.k-state.edu/womenscenter/Violencework%20Advocacy/Womens%20Center%20Materials/Materials/other_related_sites.htm.!

Similarities to our Treatment

2. !Info ESCD. botox_effect.jpg. [cited 2013 March 10]; Available from: http://www.excessivesweatingcauses.info/botox-injections-for-treating-excessive-sweating/.!

1. !P-Stim USA L. P-Stim-Device-218x143.jpg. 2012 [cited 2013 March 10];

Auricular acupuncture

“The innervation of the auricle is

the theoretical basis of different

reflex therapies.”

-E.T. Peuker Clinical Anatomy 2002

1. !Peuker ET, Filler TJ. The nerve supply of the human auricle. Clin Anat. 2002;15(1):35-7. Epub 2002/02/09.!

“The innervation of the auricle is

the theoretical basis of different

reflex therapies.”

-E.T. Peuker Clinical Anatomy 2002

1. !Peuker ET, Filler TJ. The nerve supply of the human auricle. Clin Anat. 2002;15(1):35-7. Epub 2002/02/09.!2. !P-Stim USA L. P-Stim-Device-218x143.jpg. 2012 [cited 2013 March 10]; !

Shen Men: Stress, Pain, Anxiety

Gall Bladder Meridian

Vitality: Immune Disorders, Energy

AURICULAR ACUPUNCTURE

1. !Gach MR. gfx_ptlocation.gif. 2010 [cited 2013 March 10]; Available from: http://www.acupressure.com/acu-yoga/.!!2. !Hays J. 20080311-Accupuncture products stomach meridian points.jpg. 2012 [cited 2013 March 10].!!3. !La Touche R, Angulo-Diaz-Parreno S, de-la-Hoz JL, Fernandez-Carnero J, Ge HY, Linares MT, et al. Effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders of muscular origin: a systematic review of the last decade. Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, NY. 2010;16(1):107-12. Epub 2009/12/30.!!

Acupoints For “TMD” and Headache

Gall Bladder 20 Stomach 2,5,6,7 Small Intestine 19

!   Heart

!   Liver

!   Small Intestine

!   Large Intestine

!   Bladder

Traditional: Mystical?

1. !Blanchard, K. Artist's Rendition of Ancient Chinese anatomical drawing Adapted from Dr. Joseph Wong's "A Manual of Neuro-Anatomical Acupuncture; volume 1". 2013.!

What Does Needling Do? Increased Activity of Pain Modulation and Decreased Activity

of Pain Cognition and Affect"1. !Chae Y, Chang DS, Lee SH, Jung WM, Lee IS, Jackson S, et al. Inserting Needles Into the Body: A Meta-Analysis of Brain Activity Associated With Acupuncture Needle Stimulation. J Pain. 2013. Epub 2013/02/12.!

What Does Touch Do? Same areas are active; to a much lesser degree"

1. !Chae Y, Chang DS, Lee SH, Jung WM, Lee IS, Jackson S, et al. Inserting Needles Into the Body: A Meta-Analysis of Brain Activity Associated With Acupuncture Needle Stimulation. J Pain. 2013. Epub 2013/02/12.!

Mechanisms? Endorphins?"

Pain

1. !Melzack R, Guite S, Gonshor A. Relief of dental pain by ice massage of the hand. Canadian Medical Association journal. 1980;122(2):189-91. Epub 1980/01/26.!2. !Miura K, Ohara T, Zeredo JL, Okada Y, Toda K, Sumikawa K. Effects of traditional "Juci" (contralateral acupuncture) on orofacial nociceptive behavior in the rat. Journal of anesthesia. 2007;21(1):31-6. Epub 2007/02/08.!3. !Shen J. Research on the neurophysiological mechanisms of acupuncture: review of selected studies and methodological issues. The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 2001;7(1):121-7.!4. !Rosted P. Introduction to acupuncture in dentistry. British dental journal. 2000;189(3):136-40. Epub 2000/10/06.!5. !Kaptchuk TJ. Acupuncture: theory, efficacy, and practice. Annals of internal medicine. 2002;136(5):374-83. Epub 2002/03/05.!6. !Naloxone. [cited 2013 March 11]; Photo; Naloxone]. Available from: http://www.launc.tased.edu.au/online/sciences/agsci/alkalo/medicin.htm.!7. !Acupuncture Cartoon. [cited 2013 March 11]; Available from: http://www.medicalboox.com/2012/08/finding-success-in-using-acupuncture.html#sthash.jfxbwink.ngPoSHW0.dpbs.!!!!

No Pain Pain

Mechanisms? 1. !Melzack R, Guite S, Gonshor A. Relief of dental pain by ice massage of the hand. Canadian Medical Association journal. 1980;122(2):189-91. Epub 1980/01/26.!2. !Miura K, Ohara T, Zeredo JL, Okada Y, Toda K, Sumikawa K. Effects of traditional "Juci" (contralateral acupuncture) on orofacial nociceptive behavior in the rat. Journal of anesthesia. 2007;21(1):31-6. Epub 2007/02/08.!3. !Shen J. Research on the neurophysiological mechanisms of acupuncture: review of selected studies and methodological issues. The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 2001;7(1):121-7.!4. !Rosted P. Introduction to acupuncture in dentistry. British dental journal. 2000;189(3):136-40. Epub 2000/10/06.!5. !Picture In a Dream. 2012 [cited 2013 March 11]; Available from: http://picinadream.blogspot.ca/2012/04/illustration-friday-puzzled.html.!!

Bunny 1 Acupuncture

CSF Exchange

Bunny 2 Has no Pain

Stim de Qi"

1. !Xu SB, Huang B, Zhang CY, Du P, Yuan Q, Bi GJ, et al. Effectiveness of strengthened stimulation during acupuncture for the treatment of Bell palsy: a randomized controlled trial. CMAJ. 2013. Epub 2013/02/27.!

Kaptchuk TJ. Acupuncture: theory, efficacy, and practice. Annals of internal medicine. 2002;136(5):374-83. Epub 2002/03/05.!

•  Historically, acupuncturists consider the patient– physician relationship and therapeutic encounter itself to be inherently “potent” and sufficient to promote healing !

Haour F. [Mechanisms of placebo effect and of conditioning: neurobiological data in human and animals]. Med Sci (Paris). 2005;21(3):315-9. Mecanismes de l'effet placebo et du conditionnement: donnees neurobiologiques chez l'homme et l'animal.

•  ...placebo induces biological or psychological effects in the human... Dopamine and endorphins have been clearly involved as mediators of the placebo effect. Brain imaging has demonstrated that the placebo effect activates the brain similarly as the active drug and in the same brain area. !

1. !Placebo.jpg. [cited 2013 March 11]; Photo - Brain, Stethescope, Placebo!]. Available from: http://www.taringa.net/posts/ciencia-educacion/16172253/Megapost-13-Cosas-Inexplicables-para-la-ciencia.html.!

Conclusions

Acupuncture increases practitioner-patient interaction (therapy or placebo?)

Interaction and Touch alter neurotransmitters and brain function to

promote relief from pain

Acupuncture does what touch does, but more intensely

Stimulated acupuncture does this even more so