Upload
cdc-npin
View
144
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
A Qualitative Study of Social Norms and their Impact on Native
Women's HIV Risk
Hannabah BlueCapacity Building Assistance Specialist
National Native American AIDS Prevention CenterAugust 2011
The views and opinions in this presentation only reflect those of the author
Learning ObjectivesBy the end of this presentation, attendees will be able to…• Discuss a community assessment model
for Native communities• Conceptualize behavioral determinants
(including social norms) and factors that impact HIV risk for Native women in select tribal communities
Native Women and HIV• Heterosexual Sex
– Highest Transmission Category • Highest percentage of contracting
HIV through IDU• Success
– Prenatal Screening and Parent to Child Transmission
Native Women and HIV• Risk Co-Factors
– Substance Use– Sexually Transmitted Diseases– Single Parent Homes
• Historical Trauma• Cultural Influences
– Strength– Challenges
Assessment with 3 Communities
• Tribal Communities in Northern New Mexico
• White Earth Nation• Denver Native Community
Note:– Results cannot be generalized for all Native
communities– But could point in the right direction of how to
craft programs for Native communities
Methods
• Assessment with 3 Communities:– Focus Groups– Phone Interviews
• Recruited self-identified Native women and key informants ages 18 and over
Community AssessmentCommunity Focus Groups Phone InterviewsTribalCommunity in New Mexico
1. 7 participants5 Native & 2 Hispanic women ages 18-65
15 interviews6 Native Females 25-643 Hispanic Females 25-542 Caucasian Females 25-442 Caucasian Males 45-641 Native Male 45-541 Hispanic Male 35-44
2. 7 participants7 Native women ages 16-34
White Earth Nation
1. 6 participantsNative women ages17-54
12 interviews8 Native Females 18-641 Native Transgender MTF 45-542 Native Male 18-441 Caucasian Male 45-54
2. 5 participants Native women ages 17-65
Denver Native Community
1. 6 participantsWomen ages 44-80 & one male age 20, all Native
12 interviews10 Native Females 25-642 Native Males 45-64
2. 8 participantsNative women ages 17-65
Analysis of Data• Community data was analyzed
using a grounded theory framework– Coded and categorized
• In order to map out the issues, understand linkages, and identify opportunities to create messaging
AnalysisTribal Community in New Mexico
Key Findings• The phenomena of stigma and lack of
awareness/personal connection to HIV• Leading to the actions/interactions of
fear of rejection & low perceived risk• Resulting in the consequences of
Native women in community not talking about HIV, taking it seriously or thinking they need to know about it
AnalysisWhite Earth Nation
Key Findings• The phenomena of stigma and
shame• Leads to the actions/interactions of
avoidance, non-disclosure and fear• Results in the consequence of
people not talking or teaching about it
AnalysisDenver Native Community
Key Findings• Phenomenon of low perceived risk• Lead to the action/interaction of
the belief that condoms are only for pregnancy prevention
• Resulting in the consequence that Native women were having unprotected sex
General Themes and Overall Findings
• Low perception of risk• Poor or unreliable resources• Lack of familiarity with HIV• Stigma around HIV and/or disease taboo• Leads to silence around HIV
– Teaching– Talking– Disclosure– Perpetuation of misinformation
Recommendations• Bring in a PLWHA that community
members can identify with• Promote community or population
specific rates or risks• Assess level of community readiness
and integrate programs to combat stigma associated with HIV
• Create materials and resources are that are Native- or community-specific