Micro-Grids

ir

ndMalaka

Now

Ko

dda Bu ner

Man

Tank

SARHAD RURAL SUPPORT POGRAMME

Chitral

Upper Dir

Swat

Kohistan

BattagramLower D Shanglasehra

Tor GharCharsa

MardanAbbottabad

Peshawarshera Haripur

Hungu

hatKarak

Lakki Marwat

D I Khan

• Largest non profit/non government organization established in 1989, over two decades of dedication and commitment

• SRSP- a gender responsive, environment friendly and poor/poverty focused organization

• Development and Humanitarian programs diversified packages as per local context, needs and opportunities

• Presence in 24 out of 26 districts and 8 tribal areas

Session Objectives

• To Introduce Hydro Power Projects• To share benefits of hydro power projects• Micro Hydro Power Projects under SRSP

What is Hydro Power

Hydro Power Systems convert the kinetic energy in flowing water into electric energy

How Hydroelectric Power System Works

Flowing water is directed at a turbine. The flowing water causes the turbine to rotate, converting the water’s kinetic energy into mechanical energy

SMALL HYDRO POWER SYSTEMS

CLASSIFICATION POWER RATING

MICRO-HYDRO < 100 kW

MINI-HYDRO 100 kW – 1MW

SMALL-SCALE HYDRO 1MW – 25 MW

Mature Technology Highest prime moving efficiencySpectacular operational flexibilityFirst place among all renewable sourcesInstalled capacity –world 47000 MWUntil recently, small scale hydro power classified as below

Steps for Project Planning=

• Desk Study• Initial site assessment• Survey visit• Pre-feasibility study• Feasibility study• Detailed design• Implementation

TenderingContractingImplementationTesting and Commissioning

Normal Operation (Operation and Maintenance)

Requirements for Initial Site Assessment

Following data is normally required in initial assessment of small hydro power project

• Available flow and pressure head• Topographic maps showing the catchment area of the site• General climatic and hydrological conditions• Electric demand at project location• Access to project site• General construction cost at project location

COMPONENTS OF HYDRO POWER UNITS• Intake• Settling Basin• Channel• Forebay Tank• Penstock• EME Equipments• Power House• Transmission Line

Community Micro/Mini Hydro Power Projects=

Micro/Mini scale hydro power developmental project which can be executed, operated and maintained by community and fulfill the energy requirements of natives

1. Target beneficiaries are the rural people residing at a considerable distance away from national grid transmission line and distribution networks

2. It should have potential to generate power (water source flowing from considerable height)

3. There should be enough household demand for electricity4. Consumers and potential users of energy form micro hydro be willing to take

up productive end use activities 5. Existing facility available but non functional6. Existing facility available but insufficient

Potential Target Sites

Comparative Advantages

1. Components of micro hydro can be locally manufactured and thy system can be locally built

2. Micro Hydro Plants are comparatively easy to manufacture and install indigenously thus boosting employment and economic activity

3. It can be locally managed, operated and maintained by giving training to local people

4. The organization and management costs are lower than for the other energy systems

End Uses

Turbines

Productive Use Consumptive Use

• Electric • Domestic • Lighting• Cooking• Cooling• Heating

• Electronic Media etc

Electric • Agro

Processesing• Timber Sawing

• Pulping• Packaging

• Transportation• Pumping

Mechanical• Agro Process sing• Timber Sawing

• Pulping• Packaging

• Transportation• Pumping

Renewable Energy and SRSP

1. 166 MHPs with a cost of 1.25 billion (PKR) with 100 million PKR as sweat equity established across KPK

2. Established MHPs producing 9.6 MW electricity benefiting 275000 population

District No

Batgram 7

Buner 1

Chitral 25

Kohistan 18

Kurram 1

Lower Dir 5

Shangla 24

Swat 43

Dir Upper 42

Total 166

Donors MHPs installed

PEACE (EU) 84

PPAF 39

BKPAP 15

UNHCR, UNHCR-RAHA 14

Aus-Aid 7

CIDA, ICCO, IKF 6

Flood Donation 1

Total 166

Renewable Energy and SRSP

1. By 2016 SRSP would have established 422 units in Malakand Division with an overall cost 3.42 billion PKR

2. Production capacity of over 33 MW

3. Beneficiaries over 700,000 population

4. Major Donors – EU, Government of KPK and PPAF

Chitral

Shangla

MHP as a Social Enterprise 1. 100 kW MHPs as social

enterprise2. Tariff of PKR 4/unit for

domestic and PKR 10/Unit for commercial users

3. Surplus generation is invested in respective communities with a focus on women and girl child e.g. CBS, preserving cultural heritage and supporting teacher salaries etc

MHP Jungle Inn Kalam

MHP Jungle Inn Kalam

MHPs improving social sector services 1. Hospital in Kalam and BHUs

in respective union councils2. 24/7 electricity enabling

environment for improved education

MHP Serai

MHP in Shangla

MHP in Swat

Productive Use of Renewable Energy (PURE) 1. Fruits drying through hydro

and solar dryers 2. 15 BIGs with 260 members

mostly women and their linkages with BDSPs and national markets

3. Net gain on 1 kg of red persimmon was PKR 440

4. An independent assessment showed 156% increase in income of BIG members

Drying of Red Persimmon

Drying of Red Persimmon

SRSP reducing Carbon Footprints Current MHPs

CO2 emission reduction29,030 tons/year Production Capacity= 9.6 MWOperational for 20 hrs/day in a yearCO2 reduction @0.42 kg/yr. for 1 KwH

All Units by 2016CO2 emission reduction99,792 tons/yearProduction Capacity= 33 MWOperational for 20 hrs/day in a yearCO2 reduction @0.42 kg/yr. for 1 KwH

Current MHPsKerosene avoided 33 million liters/year Production Capacity= 9.6 MWOperational for 20 hrs/day in a yearCO2 reduction @0.48 liter/yr. for 1 KwH

All Units by 2016Kerosene avoided 114 million liters/yearProduction Capacity= 33 MWOperational for 20 hrs/day in a yearCO2 reduction @0.48 liter/yr. for 1 KwH

Operation and Maintenance Mechanism SRSP is implementing two pronged strategy

1. The units which are less than 100 kW after completion handed over to the community, the community run the MHP, the management and financial system is with the community SRSP technical staff provide technical back up service to support the community

2. In larger unit which exceed 100 kW are run as social enterprise

Operation, Maintenance & Management by Community Managed MHP’s

1. Establishment And function of an MHP management / Power committee

2. On Job training to the operators, Specialized training for operators & Management training for the mangers3. Opening of Bank account with one signatory from SRSP and one

signatory from management / power committee4. Tariff Calculation , SRSP technical staff informs communities

about tariff rates that need to be set if the unit is going to successful

5. SRSP provides different Log books to the power committee for record keeping e.g. ( meter reading , maintenance , billing, routine checkup, generation etc )

Cont

6. The power committee carry outs routine operation of the MHP Plant & its different components

7. The Management & protection of the micro catchment area for sustained water flow

8. Handling and management of plant revenue

9.Collection of connection fee domestic 2000 and commercial 4000 deposited in the MHP bank account

10.Periodic inspections carried out by SRSP Technical staff

11.Regular back stopping from SRSP technical and social team

Cont

12. SRSP puts management in place to run the system professionally

13. The user fee charged to the community are based on the principal that it is the social enterprise which would be run to make a reasonable profit to cover its operation and replace , cost and make a profit which is not exploitative

14. The power committee uses the revenue generated to ensure the system continue to give the quality service to the consumers

15. The profit from the MHPs are pumped back in to the community for their social and economic development

16. Communities capacities would be built to take on greater governance and management responsibilities

Challenges

1. Awareness of communities 2. Insufficient site studies 3. Lack of operating capability4. Community base O&M systems5. Designing/Section of efficient machineries6. Less staff exposure7. Hard area constraints8. Weather constraints

Steps taken to counter the challenges

1. Social Mobilization and awareness workshops regarding MHPs2. Formation of MHP management, maintenance and Audit

committees3. Actively involvement of communities in the construction 4. Training of community people in O&M 5. Orientation/training of field staff on different aspects of MHPs6. Prepared comprehensive implementation strategy7. Procured hi-tech survey equipments (High frequency GPS, Total

Station, Auto levels, Range detectors etc) 8. Worked out on viable operation maintenance and management

system of MHPs in our MHP strategy (Development of MIS system, formation of MHP management committees and maintenance committees, capacity building/trainings)

9. Procured efficiency and load testing equipments

How to Improve the Sustainability of the MHP’s

1. Sensitization and awareness raising2. Capacity building in practical aspects of MHP operation and maintenance

(Book keeping, financial management, tariff setting and updating maintenance routine simple repair)

3. Train communities in productive end use, including number of relevant income generating activities that can be power by the MHP Plant

4. Exposure visits can be arranged inland and abroad to visit other communities that are already operating successfully their own MHP schemes

5. Hydel mechanics be arranged for selected community members 6. Training be organized for the technical staff of organization for trouble

shooting of the sophisticated EME and TLE7. Organizations should provide a long term support not less than 3 years to the

beneficiary villages. This should include refresher training and overall monitoring of the MHP scheme, including tariff, management committee, plant operator performance and productive end use beneficiaries

Post MHP Impact

1. Social Cohesion 2. Quality of life improved 3. Increased livelihood opportunities4. Availability of low cost electricity5. Taping of water sources6. Boost in income generating activities7. Economy of fuel wood8. Flourishment of cottage industry 9. Easy access to electronic media/recreation10. Linking MHP with other activities like generation of savings,

activist training, social sector activities and credit etc

THANK YOU