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EXPERIENCES WITH DISTRICT AGRICULTURE EXTENSION SERVICES
SYSTEM IN SALIMA ADD
By
Mphatso Magombo
PRESENTED DURING MAFAAS EXTENSION WEEK
Presentation outline
• Salima ADD Profile• Background information• Extension Systems• Aims of DAESS• Activities done by SLADD to strengthen DAESS structures• Activities done by DAESS structures• Positive experience with DAESS• Negative experiences with DAESS• Challenges experiences with DAESS• Conclusion
SALIMA ADD PROFILE • Salima ADD is one of the 8 ADDs in Malawi situated along the central
lakeshore.• Comprises of 2 districts namely Salima and Nkhotakota. • Has14 Extension Planning Areas.• Has a total of 232 sections, but to date only157 sections have been demarcated • 102 are manned and AEDO to farmer ration is 1:2166. • Has a total of 221,928 Farming HH( 132, 454 MHH; 89,429 FHH; 85
CHH)• 16 Traditional Authorities.• Six technical department ( DAES; DAHLD; LRCD; DCD; ISD & DoF )• Headed by the Programme Manager
Background of agriculture extension
• Malawi’s economy depends on agriculture ( Livestock, Crops, Fisheries)
• The success of programmmes ( Livestock, Land Resources, Crops, Fisheries, Irrigation) depends on the type and amount of support farmers receive from extension services
• Agricultural extension• is the major vehicle for diffusing agriculture related technologies• Has an important role to play for sustainable agriculture development
and farm household livelihood
Objectives of agricultural extension• Promote farmers access to and use of recommended farmer inputs• Promote dietary diversification, food processing, preservation and utilization• Increase contact with male and female farmers using appropriate and well
targeted messages• Strengthening research extension farmer linkages• Mainstream gender and HIV and AIDS in implementation ovf agric. Programs• Ensure joint and coordinated planning, implementation and monitoring• Conduct extension campaigns, field days, tours, trainings, meetings• Promote land resources, fisheries, crops, livestock, irrigation, food and
nutrition technologies inorder to facilitate availability of appropriate technologies to farmers• A system is needed to ensure that the objectives of extension are met
Extension System• Provision of extension is guided by agriculture extension policy (Agricultural
Extension In the New Millennium: Towards pluralistic and demand driven extension services )
• To operationalize the Extension Policy , DAESS is used.• DAESS is a mechanism for enabling farmers to identify and organize their
agricultural felt needs for appropriate action by relevant stakeholders.• The overall objective is empower farmers to demand high quality services
from those that are best able to provide them.• Some of the NGOs include (TLC; MLB; Red Cross; CWW; CADECOM; NASO;
World Vision; AG- CARE; ADRA, COOPI; NASFAM)• Extension activities are therefore implemented by the Government and
NGOs and Private sectors.
Aims of DAESS
• Organizing farmers demands• Pooling service providers and related resources• Foster coordination • Self reliance and ownership among farmers
Activities done by the ADD to strengthen DAESS
• Briefing NGOs, local leaders and communities on DAESS and extension policy
• Formation and Training of DAESS structures: • 2 District Agriculture Extension Coordinating Committee • 1 District Stakeholder Panel ( Only in NKK)• 16 Area Stakeholder Panels• 77 Village Agriculture Committee ( At GVH Level)
• Strengthening DAESS structures activities through• Local tours• Trainings• Technical supportive visits• Review meetings
ADD and District Team supervising ASP and VAC activities
ACTIVITES DONE BY DAESS STRUCTURES ( VACs, ASPs)
• Identification and aggregation of farmers demands• Monitoring implementation of agriculture extension activities • Initiating self help agriculture extension projects• Linking of farmers’ demands to stakeholders• Formulation of proposals• Initiating construction of office at Ntosa and Kasitu EPA• Jointly hosted field days and manure launch
Mtondo Irrigation Scheme in Chipoka EPA initiated by VAC
Office construction in Mtosa EPA initiated by ASP
VACs initiating Goat pass on programmmes
Model Village ( linking farmers to stakeholders)
VAC facilitating identification of village demands
Conservation Agriculture and Manure Making Campaign intensification by VACs
Linkage between DAESS structures and Local government structures
• Strength of the linkage depends on the role of the local leaders and how the DAESS structures were formed.• 70% of the DAESS structures have a positive linkage with district
council structures• DAESS structure members participate in district council
structures meetings where they share issues affecting agriculture activities
• DAESS structures together with district council structures supervise agriculture activities
Some of the farmers demands• Low production
• Land degradation• Drought/ dry spells• Incomplete technology packages• Inadequate extension services
• Few Small stock (goats, chicken)• Malnutrition• Small land holding sizes• No office space for some EPAs• No house accommodation
Positive experiences with DAESS• ASP and VACs are performing their function in terms of articulation
and aggregation of farmers’ demands.• There is good quality participation of farmers in extension activities
due to farmer mobilization by VACs• Increased adoption of agriculture technologies like (CA,
agroforestry, use of hybrid maize, food and nutrition, ) • Self help projects are being initiated like office construction; goat
pass on programmmes; CA; Irrigation)• ASPs initiating joint marketing of agriculture produce.• VACs facilitating goat and chicken pass on programmmes under
SAPP• ASPs coordinating stakeholder activities
NEGATIVES EXPERINCES WITH DAESS• Most of the ASPs are farmers’ forum due to low participation
by NGOs• Only the MoAIWD personnel's initiate the DAESS maybe
because its in their AWB.• Poor coordination among actors (Competition, Conflicting
messages, duplication – Implementing activities without following DAESS structures)
• Poor quality response to farmers demands (Stakeholders dominate and dictate what they offer)
CHALLENGES WITH OPERATIONALIZING DAESS
• Low participation of NGOs in DAESS operationalization (taken as MoAIWD core function)
• Inadequate knowledge among implementers on DAESS• No source of funding for DAESS activities (meetings, trainings, tours, farmer
responses)• Poor mobility of ASPs, VAC, DSP members- Move long distances• Incomplete system in terms of ( ASP, DSPs not in place/ not performing their
functions)• Poor quality extension service• Some local leaders are not interested in formation of ASPs
WAY FORWARD• Community sensitizations• Capacity building to DAESS structure, stakeholders and
local leaders ( Trainings, Tours)• Sourcing funding for DAESS activities.• Form and strengthen VACs, ASPs, DSPs.• Participatory monitoring and evaluation• Joint planning, implementation , monitoring and evaluation• Review the extension policy and DAESS system ( National)• Link MaFAAS to DAESS structures
THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION
ZIKOMO KWAMBIRI