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DIGITAL GOVERNMENT STRATEGIES
FOR WELFARE AREAS
Digitisation and fiscal sustainability in the health sector
4th Meeting of the Joint Network on
Fiscal Sustainability of Health Systems 17 February 2015, OECD, Paris, France
Barbara-Chiara Ubaldi, Digital Government Project Manager
Public Sector Reform Division
Public Governance and Territorial
Development Directorate
OECD
• Capacity to understand and tackle complex issues
• Public services tailored to individual needs and aligned with national priorities
• Open and engaging public sectors
• Innovative and cost-effective approaches to public service delivery
New expectations of governments?
• Beyond consultation and FoI to openness, engagement, co-creation
• From government as service provider to enabler and convener
• From service delivery to new forms of collaborative governance, innovation and joined-up administrations
• From government-centred, to user-centred to people-driven e-government.
Evolving role of digital government
OECD Recommendation on Digital Government Strategies: Bringing Governments Closer to Citizens and Businesses
Engage citizens and open government to maintain public trust
Improve governance for better
collaboration and results
Strengthen capabilities to ensure
return on ICT investments
www.oecd.org/gov/public-innovation/recommendation-on-digital-government-strategies.htm
• Integration of digital government in public sector reform strategies
– Conceiving technology to help shape policy outcomes, and not just support internal processes
– Supporting new and more innovative ways of working
• A new (digital) public governance context and x-border services
– Government as a platform
– Explicit responsibility to support ecosystems to create value, integrate services and engage users
– Recognised need for standards
• From process-centred to data-driven public sectors
– Improved use of evidence and open data
– Use of data analytics to better anticipate, target and respond
How can effective digital government strategies help?
Digitisation – information and communications technologies and public services The elements of digital transformation
Information and Communication Technologies Digitisation
(greater use of digital technologies to
improve cross government activities and
data /information management)
E-Government
(use by governments of digital
technologies, particularly the Internet,
to achieve better government)
Digital Government
(Digital technologies and user
preferences integrated in the design and
receipt of services and broad public
sector reform – integral part of
governments’ modernisation strategies
to create public value)
Change path
From a focus on: efficiency and
productivity
Through a focus on: efficiency and
productivity in delivering tailored services
to individuals
To a focus on: governance, (openness,
transparency, engagement with and trust
in government), as well as efficiency and
productivity
Public Services Administrative Services
(internal core functions of government,
and internal activities in agencies that
indirectly support service delivery)
improve internal processes of
government
improve internal processes
supporting service delivery of direct
personal services, to improve
services
innovative changes in internal
processes
innovation in service delivery, at the
margin
transforming internal processes
transforming service design and
delivery
Direct Personal Services
(government services provided to
address the personal well-being of
citizens and support public policy
outcomes)
From Government-centred – users
passive recipients of services Through User / Citizen-centred – users
participate in service delivery processes
To People-driven – users voice their
demands and needs, contribute to
shaping the agenda and services’
content and delivery
individual databases and information
systems
standalone service delivery
standardised services
Integration of IT systems and
databases
Collaboration
24x7 online services
data sharing and data/ information
crowdsourcing /data analytics
joined-up administrations – ICT
platforms for sharing information,
services and enhancing
collaboration
innovative services tailored to
individual needs /ubiquitous services
(“m-government”)
Digital Welfare A subset of direct personal services, based on Nordic countries’ use of ‘welfare’; digital transformation of education, healthcare and social care and protection services.
Digital transformation
Focus of available examples
Digital Welfare Technologies Project: Analytical Framework
Overarching themes Digital Welfare Tech
New governance models: Areas:
• Service Delivery Healthcare
• Public Engagement Education
• Empowerment Social care and
• Inclusive growth protection
Relations local/central Multi-stakeholder engagement
Governance framework for implementation
Administrative service
Digitising the whole of government
Strategy
Services
Data Public data, open public data, data registries
Welfare service
area
Welfare service
area
Welfare service
area
Administrative service
Coherent digitisation of the welfare areas
Government and local rep.
Welfare sectors (ministries, regions and local gov)
Government driven – key user operated
Key owners of joint data and users
Common enablers and services
Strategy for transformation through the use of ICT
Main expected benefits
Efficiency
Effectiveness
Good
Governance
Digital public
welfare service
Openness,
transparency,
accountability,
autonomy
Empowerment,
evidence,
demand mgt,
personalisation
Reliability,
participation,
citizens’ driven,
public value
Changing boundaries of the
core of the public sector
Users Increased involvement af users or relatives in order
to optimise value of services and exploit gains
of co-production and auto-management
Partnerships
Innovative use of joint incentives in public and private communities in welfare service delivery
The political mandate Sharper priorities of tasks
and service levels
Suppliers Rethinking of sourcing
strategy and core competencies
Changing core competencies of the public sector
Policy making process boundaries
Service delivery process boundaries
Digital transformation of public welfare services: Main trends
• Combining data deluge with digital technology
• Governance frameworks: co-ordination, collaboration, partnerships
• Fiscal and budgetary policy setting the context
• Specific funding arrangements
• Business cases to prioritize investments and ensure full implementation
• Productivity and efficiency gains
• A public value chain approach: user engagement
A checklist for decision makers
Project approach
• Clarify the governance framework
• Have a clear long-term vision
• Lead implementation with the right team
• Experiment through pilots or ‘beta-tests’
• Develop a solid Business Case
Involvement of users, public servants and sector professionals
• Identify and engage with key testimonials from users’ groups
• Involve civil servants right from the start
• Actively engage sector professionals from the field
• Engage all levels of government
A checklist for decision makers cont’d
Communication
• Establish communication networks
• Share experience and knowledge
Review and evaluation
• Use available data to identify evidence in support of better welfare policies
• Document project implementation
• Adopt a clear evaluation framework inclusive of impact indicators
Questions to address for future work • Where are the most important challenges and perspectives – political and
economic – in the area of digital education; digital healthcare; and digital social care and social protection?
• What are the preconditions and enablers to using technology to achieve improved efficiency and effectiveness of public sector welfare services?
• How do we create the case for a user- and value-focused (vs programme) approach to public welfare service delivery? Can this strengthen productivity and value creation?
• What mechanisms (e.g. joint strategies, budgeting, committees) can best support governments in aligning the digitization efforts across welfare areas?
• How can the OECD Recommendation on Digital Government Strategies be operationally helpful to advance digital transformation of the large public welfare service areas?
• What relevant experiences across OECD countries can help understanding the role of digital technologies in transforming healthcare?
Thank you!
For more information:
www.oecd/gov/egov