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From urban neighborhoods to suburbs to small-city Main Streets, parking is often a hotly debated topic. This is especially true in neighborhoods experiencing new infill. As cities around the country experiment with new ways to manage parking, how can we serve neighborhoods’ needs while accounting for the costs and impacts of parking? How do parking management strategies – from market-based to regulatory – affect active transportation and land use? Is there a potential to meet multiple goals for housing affordability, active transportation and land use through smarter parking policy? This panel will consider lessons from Northwest cities and around the nation.
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Parking vs. Active Transportation
April 21, 2014
Magnus Barber
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Parking vs. Active Transportation
■ (Over) supply■ Land use■ Cruising for parking
■ Case study Sacramento Parking Code Update:– Infill & reuse– Bike/ped/carsharing substitutions– Simpler for developers
■ Case study Seattle Children’s Hospital– TDM program greatly reduced parking demand
The Sacramento Zoning Code Parking Update
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Project Timeline
■ September 29, 2011 – Project Begins■ October 30, 2012 – Ordinance Adopted
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Prior to Update
■ One of the most common entitlements was to waive or modify parking standards.– In past 10 years almost all were approved
■ Minimum parking requirements were inaccurate and overly specific.
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
2030 General Plan
Adopted in March 2009
Priority Implementation:■ Update the Zoning Code
to better facilitate urban infill development.
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Process
■ Fall ’11- Stakeholder Interviews and Analysis Begins■ Spring ’12- Outreach to Stakeholders and Planning
Commission – Key Points of Analysis and Initial Recommendations
Presented■ Summer ‘12 – Outreach to Stakeholders, Planning
Commission, Council– Confirmation of Key Recommendations– Draft Consultant Report
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Communication
■ Stakeholder Interviews■ Neighborhood Association Meetings■ Focus Groups (PBIDs, Architects, Developers, TMA’s,
Advocates) ■ ULI Think Tank■ Project Website■ Email Blasts to all Stakeholders
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Outreach
■ Stakeholder Interviews■ Property Based Business
Improvement District Directors and Boards
■ Community Partnership Meetings■ Neighborhood Advisory Group
Meetings■ Transportation Management
Association Directors■ Sacramento Old City
Associations■ Urban Land Institute Roundtable■ AIACV Public Policy Committee■ WalkSacramento■ Sacramento Housing Alliance
■ Sacramento Area Bicycle Advocates
■ Breathe California■ Sacramento Area Council of
Governments ■ Sacramento Metro Air
Quality Management District■ State Department of General
Services■ Capitol Area Development
Authority■ Sacramento Bicycle Advisory
Committee■ Planning & Design
Commission Workshops
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
■ On-street parking is congested while…
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
■ Off-street is largely vacant
■ ~46,000 total spaces empty at peak hour
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Key Findings
■ More off-street parking will not relieve on-street parking congestion
■ Current parking requirements for storefront commercial uses:– onerous for in-fill projects– overly specific
■ Parking entitlement process creates uncertainty, and is costly in time and resources
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Key Recommendations
Adjusted requirements to be context-sensitive:
■ CBD■ Urban■ Traditional■ Suburban
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Key Recommendations
■ Exempted nonresidential uses from minimum parking requirements:– On small lots no more than 6,400 square feet– Within vertical mixed-use developments
■ Permitted shared parking
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Key Recommendations
■ Simplify parking requirements across categories:
■ No minimum requirement for residential or mixed use reuse of listed historic structures
Grab and RunAttorneys
Office? Cafe? Gallery? Bookstore?
Morning Brew Splatter!! Good Reads
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Key Recommendations
■ Allow alternatives to on-site parking that reduce or manage parking demand
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Key Recommendations
■ Bicycle parking facilities tailored to specific land uses
■ Allow greater flexibility in parking dimensions
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Factors For Why The Project Went So Smoothly (In The End)
■ Good Analysis■ Economy■ Broken System■ New Council and
Planning Commission■ Meetings and
Workshops■ Diversity of supporters
■ 2009 General Plan Update
■ Planning Academy■ Central City Parking
Master Plan■ Parking Manager■ Recent urban
development
The Seattle Children’s Hospital TDM Program
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Seattle Children’s Hospital
TDM Strategies
Price & Cash-Out Parking■ Start with full cash benefit and
deduct (no penalty to existing employees)
■ Potential to save employers money and reduce SOV trips
Develop Personalized Commute Program
■ Personalized to soften change■ Can range from a simple
information tool to a fully integrated web tool
■ Helps communicate the health and financial benefits of using alternative transportation
■ Gives users a calendar to track commute modes
■ Verifies use with data tie-in to parking lots and shuttles
■ Calculates reductions in VMT, Trips Reduced, CO2, Vehicle Costs, Fuel Use
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Seattle Children’s Hospital
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Seattle Children’s Hospital
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Seattle Children’s Hospital
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
Seattle Children’s Hospital
NELSON\NYGAARD CONSULTING ASSOCIATES © 2014
Magnus Barber116 New Montgomery Street
San Francisco, CA 94114(415) 235-2731
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
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Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
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Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc.
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